Merge 12c405341c into 73bf102116

2025-06-27 17:08:32 +00:00 · 2025-06-18 15:20:15 +12:00 · 2025-06-18 15:20:15 +12:00 · 040e744f6a
commit 040e744f6a
parent 73bf102116 12c405341c
28 changed files with 1562 additions and 275 deletions
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ ### Metadata
 ### Misc

 * [**pycryptodomex**](https://github.com/Legrandin/pycryptodome)\* - For decrypting AES-128 HLS streams and various other data. Licensed under [BSD-2-Clause](https://github.com/Legrandin/pycryptodome/blob/master/LICENSE.rst)
-* [**phantomjs**](https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs) - Used in extractors where javascript needs to be run. Licensed under [BSD-3-Clause](https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs/blob/master/LICENSE.BSD)
+* [**phantomjs**](https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs), [**deno**](https://github.com/denoland/deno/) - Used in extractors where javascript needs to be run. Licensed under [BSD-3-Clause](https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs/blob/master/LICENSE.BSD) and [MIT](https://github.com/xattr/xattr/blob/master/LICENSE.txt) respectively
 * [**secretstorage**](https://github.com/mitya57/secretstorage)\* - For `--cookies-from-browser` to access the **Gnome** keyring while decrypting cookies of **Chromium**-based browsers on **Linux**. Licensed under [BSD-3-Clause](https://github.com/mitya57/secretstorage/blob/master/LICENSE)
 * Any external downloader that you want to use with `--downloader`

@ -798,6 +798,9 @@ ## Workarounds:
                                    be used along with --min-sleep-interval
    --sleep-subtitles SECONDS       Number of seconds to sleep before each
                                    subtitle download
+    --jsi-preference JSI            Preferred JS interpreters to use during
+                                    extraction. Can be given as comma-separated
+                                    values

 ## Video Format Options:
    -f, --format FORMAT             Video format code, see "FORMAT SELECTION"
--- a/test/test_download.py
+++ b/test/test_download.py
@ -25,12 +25,14 @@

 import yt_dlp.YoutubeDL  # isort: split
 from yt_dlp.extractor import get_info_extractor
+from yt_dlp.jsinterp.common import get_included_jsi
 from yt_dlp.networking.exceptions import HTTPError, TransportError
 from yt_dlp.utils import (
    DownloadError,
    ExtractorError,
    UnavailableVideoError,
    YoutubeDLError,
+    filter_dict,
    format_bytes,
    join_nonempty,
 )
@ -82,6 +84,29 @@ def __str__(self):
 # Dynamically generate tests

 def generator(test_case, tname):
+
+    # setting `jsi_matrix` to True, or `jsi_matrix_only_include`, `jsi_matrix_exclude` to non-empty list
+    #   to trigger matrix behavior for JSI
+    if any(test_case.get(key) for key in [
+        'jsi_matrix', 'jsi_matrix_only_include', 'jsi_matrix_exclude',
+    ]):
+        jsi_keys = list(get_included_jsi(only_include=test_case.get('jsi_matrix_only_include'),
+                                         exclude=test_case.get('jsi_matrix_exclude')))
+
+        # use jsi_preference here, instead of force blocking other jsi runtimes
+        # exclusion, if needed, should be specified in test case to optimize testing
+        def generate_jsi_sub_case(jsi_key):
+            sub_case = filter_dict(test_case, lambda k, _: not k.startswith('jsi_matrix'))
+            sub_case['params'] = {**test_case.get('params', {}), 'jsi_preference': [jsi_key]}
+            return generator(sub_case, f'{tname}_{jsi_key}')
+
+        def run_sub_cases(self):
+            for i, jsi_key in enumerate(jsi_keys):
+                with self.subTest(jsi_key):
+                    print(f'Running case {tname} using JSI: {jsi_key} ({i + 1}/{len(jsi_keys)})')
+                    generate_jsi_sub_case(jsi_key)(self)
+        return run_sub_cases
+
    def test_template(self):
        if self.COMPLETED_TESTS.get(tname):
            return
--- a/test/test_jsi_external.py
+++ b/test/test_jsi_external.py
@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+import os
+import dataclasses
+import datetime
+import time
+import sys
+import unittest
+import http.cookiejar
+import functools
+import typing
+
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+
+
+from test.helper import FakeYDL
+from yt_dlp.cookies import YoutubeDLCookieJar
+from yt_dlp.jsinterp.common import get_included_jsi
+from yt_dlp.jsinterp._helper import prepare_wasm_jsmodule
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from yt_dlp.jsinterp.common import JSI
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class NetscapeFields:
+    name: str
+    value: str
+    domain: str
+    path: str
+    secure: bool
+    expires: int | None
+
+    def to_cookie(self):
+        return http.cookiejar.Cookie(
+            0, self.name, self.value,
+            None, False,
+            self.domain, True, self.domain.startswith('.'),
+            self.path, True,
+            self.secure, self.expires, False,
+            None, None, {},
+        )
+
+    def expire_str(self):
+        return datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(
+            self.expires, datetime.timezone.utc).strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT')
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: NetscapeFields | http.cookiejar.Cookie):
+        return all(getattr(self, attr) == getattr(other, attr) for attr in ['name', 'value', 'domain', 'path', 'secure', 'expires'])
+
+
+def use_jsi_rumtimes(exclude=[]):
+    def inner(func: typing.Callable[[unittest.TestCase, type[JSI]], None]):
+        @functools.wraps(func)
+        def wrapper(self: unittest.TestCase):
+            for key, jsi in get_included_jsi(exclude=exclude).items():
+                def wrapped_jsi_with_unavaliable_auto_skip(*args, **kwargs):
+                    if getattr(jsi, 'TEST_DATA_PLUGIN', False):
+                        self.skipTest('Testdata plugin')
+                    instance = jsi(*args, **kwargs)
+                    if not instance.is_available():
+                        self.skipTest(f'{key} is not available')
+                    return instance
+
+                with self.subTest(key):
+                    func(self, wrapped_jsi_with_unavaliable_auto_skip)
+        return wrapper
+    return inner
+
+
+class TestExternalJSI(unittest.TestCase):
+    _TESTDATA_DIR = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), 'testdata', 'jsi_external')
+    maxDiff = 2000
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.ydl = FakeYDL()
+
+    @use_jsi_rumtimes()
+    def test_execute(self, jsi_cls: type[JSI]):
+        jsi = jsi_cls(self.ydl, '', 10)
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.execute('console.log("Hello, world!");'), 'Hello, world!')
+
+    @use_jsi_rumtimes()
+    def test_user_agent(self, jsi_cls: type[JSI]):
+        ua = self.ydl.params['http_headers']['User-Agent']
+
+        jsi = jsi_cls(self.ydl, '', 10)
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.execute('console.log(navigator.userAgent);'), ua)
+        self.assertNotEqual(jsi.execute('console.log(JSON.stringify(navigator.webdriver));'), 'true')
+
+        jsi = jsi_cls(self.ydl, '', 10, user_agent='test/ua')
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.execute('console.log(navigator.userAgent);'), 'test/ua')
+
+    @use_jsi_rumtimes()
+    def test_location(self, jsi_cls: type[JSI]):
+        jsi = jsi_cls(self.ydl, 'https://example.com/123/456', 10)
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.execute('console.log(JSON.stringify([location.href, location.hostname]));'),
+                         '["https://example.com/123/456","example.com"]')
+
+    @use_jsi_rumtimes(exclude=['Deno'])
+    def test_execute_dom_parse(self, jsi_cls: type[JSI]):
+        jsi = jsi_cls(self.ydl, '', 10)
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.execute(
+            'console.log(document.getElementById("test-div").innerHTML);',
+            html='<html><body><div id="test-div">Hello, world!</div></body></html>'),
+            'Hello, world!')
+
+    @use_jsi_rumtimes(exclude=['Deno'])
+    def test_execute_dom_script(self, jsi_cls: type[JSI]):
+        jsi = jsi_cls(self.ydl, '', 10)
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.execute(
+            'console.log(document.getElementById("test-div").innerHTML);',
+            html='''<html><head><title>Hello, world!</title><body>
+                <div id="test-div"></div>
+                <script src="https://example.com/script.js"></script>
+                <script type="text/javascript">
+                    document.getElementById("test-div").innerHTML = document.title;
+                    console.log('this should not show up');
+                    a = b; // Errors should be ignored
+                </script>
+            </body></html>'''),
+            'Hello, world!')
+
+    @use_jsi_rumtimes(exclude=['Deno'])
+    def test_dom_location(self, jsi_cls: type[JSI]):
+        jsi = jsi_cls(self.ydl, 'https://example.com/123/456', 10)
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.execute(
+            'console.log(document.getElementById("test-div").innerHTML);',
+            html='''<html><head><script>
+            document.querySelector("#test-div").innerHTML = document.domain</script></head>
+            <body><div id="test-div">Hello, world!</div></body></html>'''),
+            'example.com')
+
+    @use_jsi_rumtimes(exclude=['Deno'])
+    def test_execute_cookiejar(self, jsi_cls: type[JSI]):
+        cookiejar = YoutubeDLCookieJar()
+        ref_cookiejar = YoutubeDLCookieJar()
+
+        def _assert_expected_execute(cookie_str, ref_cookie_str):
+            self.assertEqual(set(cookie_str.split('; ')), set(ref_cookie_str.split('; ')))
+            for cookie in cookiejar:
+                ref_cookie = next((c for c in ref_cookiejar if c.name == cookie.name
+                                   and c.domain == cookie.domain), None)
+                self.assertEqual(repr(cookie), repr(ref_cookie))
+
+        for test_cookie in [
+            NetscapeFields('test1', 'test1', '.example.com', '/', False, int(time.time()) + 1000),
+            NetscapeFields('test2', 'test2', '.example.com', '/', True, int(time.time()) + 1000),
+            NetscapeFields('test3', 'test3', '.example.com', '/123', False, int(time.time()) + 1000),
+            NetscapeFields('test4', 'test4', '.example.com', '/456', False, int(time.time()) + 1000),
+            NetscapeFields('test5', 'test5', '.example.com', '/123', True, int(time.time()) + 1000),
+            NetscapeFields('test6', 'test6', '.example.com', '/456', True, int(time.time()) + 1000),
+            NetscapeFields('test1', 'other1', '.other.com', '/', False, int(time.time()) + 1000),
+            NetscapeFields('test2', 'other2', '.other.com', '/', False, int(time.time()) + 1000),
+            NetscapeFields('test7', 'other7', '.other.com', '/', False, int(time.time()) + 1000),
+        ]:
+            cookiejar.set_cookie(test_cookie.to_cookie())
+            ref_cookiejar.set_cookie(test_cookie.to_cookie())
+
+        # test identity without modification from js
+        jsi = jsi_cls(self.ydl, 'http://example.com/123/456', 10)
+        _assert_expected_execute(jsi.execute(
+            'console.log(document.cookie);', cookiejar=cookiejar),
+            'test1=test1; test3=test3')
+
+        # test modification of existing cookie from js
+        new_cookie_1 = NetscapeFields('test1', 'new1', '.example.com', '/', True, int(time.time()) + 900)
+        new_cookie_2 = NetscapeFields('test2', 'new2', '.example.com', '/', True, int(time.time()) + 900)
+        ref_cookiejar.set_cookie(new_cookie_1.to_cookie())
+        ref_cookiejar.set_cookie(new_cookie_2.to_cookie())
+
+        # change to https url to test secure-domain behavior
+        jsi = jsi_cls(self.ydl, 'https://example.com/123/456', 10)
+        _assert_expected_execute(jsi.execute(
+            f'''document.cookie = "test1=new1; secure; expires={new_cookie_1.expire_str()}; domain=.example.com; path=/";
+            console.log(document.cookie);''',
+            html=f'''<html><body><div id="test-div">Hello, world!</div>
+                <script>
+                    document.cookie = "test2=new2; secure; expires={new_cookie_2.expire_str()}; domain=.example.com; path=/";
+                </script>
+            </body></html>''',
+            cookiejar=cookiejar),
+            'test1=new1; test2=new2; test3=test3; test5=test5')
+
+    @use_jsi_rumtimes(exclude=['PhantomJS'])
+    def test_wasm(self, jsi_cls: type[JSI]):
+        with open(os.path.join(self._TESTDATA_DIR, 'hello_wasm.js')) as f:
+            js_mod = f.read()
+        with open(os.path.join(self._TESTDATA_DIR, 'hello_wasm_bg.wasm'), 'rb') as f:
+            wasm = f.read()
+
+        js_base = prepare_wasm_jsmodule(js_mod, wasm)
+
+        js_code = js_base + ''';
+        console.log(add(1, 2));
+        greet('world');
+        '''
+
+        jsi = jsi_cls(self.ydl, '', 10)
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.execute(js_code), '3\nHello, world!')
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()
--- a/test/test_jsinterp.py
+++ b/test/test_jsinterp.py
@ -9,7 +9,7 @@

 import math

-from yt_dlp.jsinterp import JS_Undefined, JSInterpreter, js_number_to_string
+from yt_dlp.jsinterp.native import JS_Undefined, JSInterpreter, js_number_to_string


 class NaN:
--- a/test/test_plugins.py
+++ b/test/test_plugins.py
@ -22,9 +22,11 @@
 from yt_dlp.globals import (
    extractors,
    postprocessors,
+    jsi_runtimes,
    plugin_dirs,
    plugin_ies,
    plugin_pps,
+    plugin_jsis,
    all_plugins_loaded,
    plugin_specs,
 )
@ -44,16 +46,24 @@
    plugin_destination=plugin_pps,
 )

+JSI_PLUGIN_SPEC = PluginSpec(
+    module_name='jsinterp',
+    suffix='JSI',
+    destination=jsi_runtimes,
+    plugin_destination=plugin_jsis,
+)
+

 def reset_plugins():
    plugin_ies.value = {}
    plugin_pps.value = {}
+    plugin_jsis.value = {}
    plugin_dirs.value = ['default']
    plugin_specs.value = {}
    all_plugins_loaded.value = False
    # Clearing override plugins is probably difficult
    for module_name in tuple(sys.modules):
-        for plugin_type in ('extractor', 'postprocessor'):
+        for plugin_type in ('extractor', 'postprocessor', 'jsinterp'):
            if module_name.startswith(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.{plugin_type}.'):
                del sys.modules[module_name]

@ -108,6 +118,17 @@ def test_postprocessor_classes(self):
        self.assertIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.postprocessor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
        self.assertIn('NormalPluginPP', plugin_pps.value)

+    def test_jsi_runtime_classes(self):
+        plugins_jsi = load_plugins(JSI_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+        self.assertIn('NormalPluginJSI', plugins_jsi.keys())
+        self.assertIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.jsinterp.normal', sys.modules.keys())
+        self.assertIn('NormalPluginJSI', plugin_jsis.value)
+
+        self.assertNotIn('OverrideDenoJSI', plugins_jsi.keys())
+        self.assertNotIn('OverrideDenoJSI', plugin_jsis.value)
+        self.assertNotIn('_UnderscoreOverrideDenoJSI', plugins_jsi.keys())
+        self.assertNotIn('_UnderscoreOverrideDenoJSI', plugin_jsis.value)
+
    def test_importing_zipped_module(self):
        zip_path = TEST_DATA_DIR / 'zipped_plugins.zip'
        shutil.make_archive(str(zip_path)[:-4], 'zip', str(zip_path)[:-4])
@ -125,6 +146,9 @@ def test_importing_zipped_module(self):
            plugins_pp = load_plugins(POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
            self.assertIn('ZippedPluginPP', plugins_pp.keys())

+            plugins_jsi = load_plugins(JSI_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+            self.assertIn('ZippedPluginJSI', plugins_jsi.keys())
+
        finally:
            sys.path.remove(str(zip_path))
            os.remove(zip_path)
@ -134,13 +158,14 @@ def test_reloading_plugins(self):
        reload_plugins_path = TEST_DATA_DIR / 'reload_plugins'
        load_plugins(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        load_plugins(POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+        load_plugins(JSI_PLUGIN_SPEC)

        # Remove default folder and add reload_plugin path
        sys.path.remove(str(TEST_DATA_DIR))
        sys.path.append(str(reload_plugins_path))
        importlib.invalidate_caches()
        try:
-            for plugin_type in ('extractor', 'postprocessor'):
+            for plugin_type in ('extractor', 'postprocessor', 'jsinterp'):
                package = importlib.import_module(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.{plugin_type}')
                self.assertIn(reload_plugins_path / PACKAGE_NAME / plugin_type, map(Path, package.__path__))

@ -161,6 +186,14 @@ def test_reloading_plugins(self):
                postprocessors.value['NormalPluginPP'].REPLACED,
                msg='Reloading has not replaced original postprocessor plugin globally')

+            plugins_jsi = load_plugins(JSI_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+            self.assertIn('NormalPluginJSI', plugins_jsi.keys())
+            self.assertTrue(plugins_jsi['NormalPluginJSI'].REPLACED,
+                            msg='Reloading has not replaced original postprocessor plugin')
+            self.assertTrue(
+                jsi_runtimes.value['NormalPluginJSI'].REPLACED,
+                msg='Reloading has not replaced original postprocessor plugin globally')
+
        finally:
            sys.path.remove(str(reload_plugins_path))
            sys.path.append(str(TEST_DATA_DIR))
@ -181,6 +214,24 @@ def test_extractor_override_plugin(self):
        from yt_dlp.extractor.generic import GenericIE
        self.assertEqual(GenericIE.IE_NAME, 'generic+override+underscore-override')

+    def test_jsi_override_plugin(self):
+        load_plugins(JSI_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+
+        from yt_dlp.jsinterp._deno import DenoJSI
+
+        # test that jsi_runtimes is updated with override jsi
+        self.assertTrue(DenoJSI is jsi_runtimes.value['Deno'])
+        self.assertEqual(jsi_runtimes.value['Deno'].TEST_FIELD, 'override')
+        self.assertEqual(jsi_runtimes.value['Deno'].SECONDARY_TEST_FIELD, 'underscore-override')
+
+        self.assertEqual(jsi_runtimes.value['Deno'].JSI_NAME, 'Deno+override+underscore-override')
+        importlib.invalidate_caches()
+        # test that loading a second time doesn't wrap a second time
+        load_plugins(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+        from yt_dlp.jsinterp._deno import DenoJSI
+        self.assertTrue(DenoJSI is jsi_runtimes.value['Deno'])
+        self.assertEqual(jsi_runtimes.value['Deno'].JSI_NAME, 'Deno+override+underscore-override')
+
    def test_load_all_plugin_types(self):

        # no plugin specs registered
@ -188,24 +239,29 @@ def test_load_all_plugin_types(self):

        self.assertNotIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
        self.assertNotIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.postprocessor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
+        self.assertNotIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.jsinterp.normal', sys.modules.keys())

        register_plugin_spec(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        register_plugin_spec(POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+        register_plugin_spec(JSI_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        load_all_plugins()
        self.assertTrue(all_plugins_loaded.value)

        self.assertIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
        self.assertIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.postprocessor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
+        self.assertIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.jsinterp.normal', sys.modules.keys())

    def test_no_plugin_dirs(self):
        register_plugin_spec(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        register_plugin_spec(POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+        register_plugin_spec(JSI_PLUGIN_SPEC)

        plugin_dirs.value = []
        load_all_plugins()

        self.assertNotIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
        self.assertNotIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.postprocessor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
+        self.assertNotIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.jsinterp.normal', sys.modules.keys())

    def test_set_plugin_dirs(self):
        custom_plugin_dir = str(TEST_DATA_DIR / 'plugin_packages')
@ -236,9 +292,11 @@ def test_append_plugin_dirs(self):
    def test_get_plugin_spec(self):
        register_plugin_spec(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        register_plugin_spec(POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+        register_plugin_spec(JSI_PLUGIN_SPEC)

        self.assertEqual(plugin_specs.value.get('extractor'), EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        self.assertEqual(plugin_specs.value.get('postprocessor'), POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+        self.assertEqual(plugin_specs.value.get('jsinterp'), JSI_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        self.assertIsNone(plugin_specs.value.get('invalid'))


--- a/test/testdata/jsi_external/hello_wasm.js
+++ b/test/testdata/jsi_external/hello_wasm.js
@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+// wasm-pack build --target web
+/* lib.rs
+use wasm_bindgen::prelude::*;
+
+#[wasm_bindgen]
+extern "C" {
+    pub fn eval(s: &str);
+}
+
+#[wasm_bindgen]
+pub fn greet(name: &str) {
+    eval(&format!("console.log('Hello, {}!')", name));
+}
+
+#[wasm_bindgen]
+pub fn add(left: i32, right: i32) -> i32 {
+    left + right
+}
+*/
+
+let wasm;
+
+const cachedTextDecoder = (typeof TextDecoder !== 'undefined' ? new TextDecoder('utf-8', { ignoreBOM: true, fatal: true }) : { decode: () => { throw Error('TextDecoder not available') } } );
+
+if (typeof TextDecoder !== 'undefined') { cachedTextDecoder.decode(); };
+
+let cachedUint8ArrayMemory0 = null;
+
+function getUint8ArrayMemory0() {
+    if (cachedUint8ArrayMemory0 === null || cachedUint8ArrayMemory0.byteLength === 0) {
+        cachedUint8ArrayMemory0 = new Uint8Array(wasm.memory.buffer);
+    }
+    return cachedUint8ArrayMemory0;
+}
+
+function getStringFromWasm0(ptr, len) {
+    ptr = ptr >>> 0;
+    return cachedTextDecoder.decode(getUint8ArrayMemory0().subarray(ptr, ptr + len));
+}
+
+let WASM_VECTOR_LEN = 0;
+
+const cachedTextEncoder = (typeof TextEncoder !== 'undefined' ? new TextEncoder('utf-8') : { encode: () => { throw Error('TextEncoder not available') } } );
+
+const encodeString = (typeof cachedTextEncoder.encodeInto === 'function'
+    ? function (arg, view) {
+    return cachedTextEncoder.encodeInto(arg, view);
+}
+    : function (arg, view) {
+    const buf = cachedTextEncoder.encode(arg);
+    view.set(buf);
+    return {
+        read: arg.length,
+        written: buf.length
+    };
+});
+
+function passStringToWasm0(arg, malloc, realloc) {
+
+    if (realloc === undefined) {
+        const buf = cachedTextEncoder.encode(arg);
+        const ptr = malloc(buf.length, 1) >>> 0;
+        getUint8ArrayMemory0().subarray(ptr, ptr + buf.length).set(buf);
+        WASM_VECTOR_LEN = buf.length;
+        return ptr;
+    }
+
+    let len = arg.length;
+    let ptr = malloc(len, 1) >>> 0;
+
+    const mem = getUint8ArrayMemory0();
+
+    let offset = 0;
+
+    for (; offset < len; offset++) {
+        const code = arg.charCodeAt(offset);
+        if (code > 0x7F) break;
+        mem[ptr + offset] = code;
+    }
+
+    if (offset !== len) {
+        if (offset !== 0) {
+            arg = arg.slice(offset);
+        }
+        ptr = realloc(ptr, len, len = offset + arg.length * 3, 1) >>> 0;
+        const view = getUint8ArrayMemory0().subarray(ptr + offset, ptr + len);
+        const ret = encodeString(arg, view);
+
+        offset += ret.written;
+        ptr = realloc(ptr, len, offset, 1) >>> 0;
+    }
+
+    WASM_VECTOR_LEN = offset;
+    return ptr;
+}
+/**
+ * @param {string} name
+ */
+export function greet(name) {
+    const ptr0 = passStringToWasm0(name, wasm.__wbindgen_malloc, wasm.__wbindgen_realloc);
+    const len0 = WASM_VECTOR_LEN;
+    wasm.greet(ptr0, len0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {number} left
+ * @param {number} right
+ * @returns {number}
+ */
+export function add(left, right) {
+    const ret = wasm.add(left, right);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+async function __wbg_load(module, imports) {
+    if (typeof Response === 'function' && module instanceof Response) {
+        if (typeof WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming === 'function') {
+            try {
+                return await WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming(module, imports);
+
+            } catch (e) {
+                if (module.headers.get('Content-Type') != 'application/wasm') {
+                    console.warn("`WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming` failed because your server does not serve Wasm with `application/wasm` MIME type. Falling back to `WebAssembly.instantiate` which is slower. Original error:\n", e);
+
+                } else {
+                    throw e;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        const bytes = await module.arrayBuffer();
+        return await WebAssembly.instantiate(bytes, imports);
+
+    } else {
+        const instance = await WebAssembly.instantiate(module, imports);
+
+        if (instance instanceof WebAssembly.Instance) {
+            return { instance, module };
+
+        } else {
+            return instance;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+function __wbg_get_imports() {
+    const imports = {};
+    imports.wbg = {};
+    imports.wbg.__wbg_eval_d1c6d8ede79fdfce = function(arg0, arg1) {
+        eval(getStringFromWasm0(arg0, arg1));
+    };
+    imports.wbg.__wbindgen_init_externref_table = function() {
+        const table = wasm.__wbindgen_export_0;
+        const offset = table.grow(4);
+        table.set(0, undefined);
+        table.set(offset + 0, undefined);
+        table.set(offset + 1, null);
+        table.set(offset + 2, true);
+        table.set(offset + 3, false);
+        ;
+    };
+
+    return imports;
+}
+
+function __wbg_init_memory(imports, memory) {
+
+}
+
+function __wbg_finalize_init(instance, module) {
+    wasm = instance.exports;
+    __wbg_init.__wbindgen_wasm_module = module;
+    cachedUint8ArrayMemory0 = null;
+
+
+    wasm.__wbindgen_start();
+    return wasm;
+}
+
+function initSync(module) {
+    if (wasm !== undefined) return wasm;
+
+
+    if (typeof module !== 'undefined') {
+        if (Object.getPrototypeOf(module) === Object.prototype) {
+            ({module} = module)
+        } else {
+            console.warn('using deprecated parameters for `initSync()`; pass a single object instead')
+        }
+    }
+
+    const imports = __wbg_get_imports();
+
+    __wbg_init_memory(imports);
+
+    if (!(module instanceof WebAssembly.Module)) {
+        module = new WebAssembly.Module(module);
+    }
+
+    const instance = new WebAssembly.Instance(module, imports);
+
+    return __wbg_finalize_init(instance, module);
+}
+
+async function __wbg_init(module_or_path) {
+    if (wasm !== undefined) return wasm;
+
+
+    if (typeof module_or_path !== 'undefined') {
+        if (Object.getPrototypeOf(module_or_path) === Object.prototype) {
+            ({module_or_path} = module_or_path)
+        } else {
+            console.warn('using deprecated parameters for the initialization function; pass a single object instead')
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (typeof module_or_path === 'undefined') {
+        module_or_path = new URL('hello_wasm_bg.wasm', import.meta.url);
+    }
+    const imports = __wbg_get_imports();
+
+    if (typeof module_or_path === 'string' || (typeof Request === 'function' && module_or_path instanceof Request) || (typeof URL === 'function' && module_or_path instanceof URL)) {
+        module_or_path = fetch(module_or_path);
+    }
+
+    __wbg_init_memory(imports);
+
+    const { instance, module } = await __wbg_load(await module_or_path, imports);
+
+    return __wbg_finalize_init(instance, module);
+}
+
+export { initSync };
+export default __wbg_init;
--- a/test/testdata/jsi_external/hello_wasm_bg.wasm
+++ b/test/testdata/jsi_external/hello_wasm_bg.wasm
--- a/test/testdata/reload_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/jsinterp/normal.py
+++ b/test/testdata/reload_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/jsinterp/normal.py
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from yt_dlp.jsinterp.common import JSI
+
+
+class NormalPluginJSI(JSI):
+    REPLACED = True
--- a/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/jsinterp/normal.py
+++ b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/jsinterp/normal.py
@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+from yt_dlp.jsinterp.common import JSI
+
+
+class NormalPluginJSI(JSI):
+    TEST_DATA_PLUGIN = True
+    REPLACED = False
--- a/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/jsinterp/override.py
+++ b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/jsinterp/override.py
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from yt_dlp.jsinterp._deno import DenoJSI
+
+
+class OverrideDenoJSI(DenoJSI, plugin_name='override'):
+    TEST_FIELD = 'override'
--- a/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/jsinterp/overridetwo.py
+++ b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/jsinterp/overridetwo.py
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from yt_dlp.jsinterp._deno import DenoJSI
+
+
+class _UnderscoreOverrideDenoJSI(DenoJSI, plugin_name='underscore-override'):
+    SECONDARY_TEST_FIELD = 'underscore-override'
--- a/test/testdata/zipped_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/jsinterp/zipped.py
+++ b/test/testdata/zipped_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/jsinterp/zipped.py
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from yt_dlp.jsinterp.common import JSI
+
+
+class ZippedPluginJSI(JSI):
+    pass
--- a/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
@ -32,13 +32,15 @@
 from .downloader.rtmp import rtmpdump_version
 from .extractor import gen_extractor_classes, get_info_extractor, import_extractors
 from .extractor.common import UnsupportedURLIE
-from .extractor.openload import PhantomJSwrapper
+from .jsinterp import PhantomJSwrapper
 from .globals import (
    IN_CLI,
    LAZY_EXTRACTORS,
    plugin_ies,
    plugin_ies_overrides,
    plugin_pps,
+    plugin_jsis,
+    plugin_jsis_overrides,
    all_plugins_loaded,
    plugin_dirs,
 )
@ -445,6 +447,8 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                       Actual sleep time will be a random float from range
                       [sleep_interval; max_sleep_interval].
    sleep_interval_subtitles: Number of seconds to sleep before each subtitle download
+    jsi_preference:    Preferred JS interpreters to use during extraction. Can be
+                       given as comma-separated values.
    listformats:       Print an overview of available video formats and exit.
    list_thumbnails:   Print a table of all thumbnails and exit.
    match_filter:      A function that gets called for every video with the signature
@ -4097,13 +4101,17 @@ def get_encoding(stream):
        write_debug(f'Proxy map: {self.proxies}')
        write_debug(f'Request Handlers: {", ".join(rh.RH_NAME for rh in self._request_director.handlers.values())}')

-        for plugin_type, plugins in (('Extractor', plugin_ies), ('Post-Processor', plugin_pps)):
+        for plugin_type, plugins in (('Extractor', plugin_ies), ('Post-Processor', plugin_pps),
+                                     ('JSI-Runtime', plugin_jsis)):
            display_list = [
                klass.__name__ if klass.__name__ == name else f'{klass.__name__} as {name}'
                for name, klass in plugins.value.items()]
            if plugin_type == 'Extractor':
                display_list.extend(f'{plugins[-1].IE_NAME.partition("+")[2]} ({parent.__name__})'
                                    for parent, plugins in plugin_ies_overrides.value.items())
+            elif plugin_type == 'JSI-Runtime':
+                display_list.extend(f'{plugins[-1].JSI_NAME.partition("+")[2]} ({parent.__name__})'
+                                    for parent, plugins in plugin_jsis_overrides.value.items())
            if not display_list:
                continue
            write_debug(f'{plugin_type} Plugins: {", ".join(sorted(display_list))}')
--- a/yt_dlp/init.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/init.py
@ -946,6 +946,7 @@ def parse_options(argv=None):
        'sleep_interval': opts.sleep_interval,
        'max_sleep_interval': opts.max_sleep_interval,
        'sleep_interval_subtitles': opts.sleep_interval_subtitles,
+        'jsi_preference': opts.jsi_preference,
        'external_downloader': opts.external_downloader,
        'download_ranges': opts.download_ranges,
        'force_keyframes_at_cuts': opts.force_keyframes_at_cuts,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/douyutv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/douyutv.py
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import uuid

 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from .openload import PhantomJSwrapper
+from ..jsinterp import PhantomJSwrapper
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    UserNotLive,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/iqiyi.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/iqiyi.py
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 import urllib.parse

 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from .openload import PhantomJSwrapper
+from ..jsinterp import JSIWrapper
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    clean_html,
@ -398,6 +398,27 @@ class IqIE(InfoExtractor):
    IE_DESC = 'International version of iQiyi'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?iq\.com/play/(?:[\w%-]*-)?(?P<id>\w+)'
    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.iq.com/play/sangmin-dinneaw-episode-1-xmk7546rfw',
+        'md5': '63fcb4b7d4863472fe0a9be75d9e9d60',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'id': 'xmk7546rfw',
+            'title': '尚岷与丁尼奥 第1集',
+            'description': 'md5:e8fe4a8da25f4b8c86bc5506b1c3faaa',
+            'duration': 3092,
+            'timestamp': 1735520401,
+            'upload_date': '20241230',
+            'episode_number': 1,
+            'episode': 'Episode 1',
+            'series': 'Sangmin Dinneaw',
+            'age_limit': 18,
+            'average_rating': float,
+            'categories': [],
+            'cast': ['Sangmin Choi', 'Ratana  Aiamsaart'],
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['format is restricted'],
+        'jsi_matrix': True,
+    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.iq.com/play/one-piece-episode-1000-1ma1i6ferf4',
        'md5': '2d7caf6eeca8a32b407094b33b757d39',
        'info_dict': {
@ -418,6 +439,7 @@ class IqIE(InfoExtractor):
            'format': '500',
        },
        'expected_warnings': ['format is restricted'],
+        'skip': 'geo-restricted',
    }, {
        # VIP-restricted video
        'url': 'https://www.iq.com/play/mermaid-in-the-fog-2021-gbdpx13bs4',
@ -449,7 +471,6 @@ class IqIE(InfoExtractor):
    }

    _DASH_JS = '''
-        console.log(page.evaluate(function() {
            var tvid = "%(tvid)s"; var vid = "%(vid)s"; var src = "%(src)s";
            var uid = "%(uid)s"; var dfp = "%(dfp)s"; var mode = "%(mode)s"; var lang = "%(lang)s";
            var bid_list = %(bid_list)s; var ut_list = %(ut_list)s; var tm = new Date().getTime();
@ -515,9 +536,7 @@ class IqIE(InfoExtractor):
                var dash_path = '/dash?' + enc_params.join('&'); dash_path += '&vf=' + cmd5x(dash_path);
                dash_paths[bid] = dash_path;
            });
-            return JSON.stringify(dash_paths);
-        }));
-        saveAndExit();
+            console.log(JSON.stringify(dash_paths));
    '''

    def _extract_vms_player_js(self, webpage, video_id):
@ -597,22 +616,22 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
        else:
            ut_list = ['0']

+        jsi = JSIWrapper(self, url, timeout=120)
+
        # bid 0 as an initial format checker
-        dash_paths = self._parse_json(PhantomJSwrapper(self, timeout=120_000).get(
-            url, note2='Executing signature code (this may take a couple minutes)',
-            html='<!DOCTYPE html>', video_id=video_id, jscode=self._DASH_JS % {
-                'tvid': video_info['tvId'],
-                'vid': video_info['vid'],
-                'src': traverse_obj(next_props, ('initialProps', 'pageProps', 'ptid'),
-                                    expected_type=str, default='04022001010011000000'),
-                'uid': uid,
-                'dfp': self._get_cookie('dfp', ''),
-                'mode': self._get_cookie('mod', 'intl'),
-                'lang': self._get_cookie('lang', 'en_us'),
-                'bid_list': '[' + ','.join(['0', *self._BID_TAGS.keys()]) + ']',
-                'ut_list': '[' + ','.join(ut_list) + ']',
-                'cmd5x_func': self._extract_cmd5x_function(webpage, video_id),
-            })[1].strip(), video_id)
+        dash_paths = self._parse_json(jsi.execute(self._DASH_JS % {
+            'tvid': video_info['tvId'],
+            'vid': video_info['vid'],
+            'src': traverse_obj(next_props, ('initialProps', 'pageProps', 'ptid'),
+                                expected_type=str, default='04022001010011000000'),
+            'uid': uid,
+            'dfp': self._get_cookie('dfp', ''),
+            'mode': self._get_cookie('mod', 'intl'),
+            'lang': self._get_cookie('lang', 'en_us'),
+            'bid_list': '[' + ','.join(['0', *self._BID_TAGS.keys()]) + ']',
+            'ut_list': '[' + ','.join(ut_list) + ']',
+            'cmd5x_func': self._extract_cmd5x_function(webpage, video_id),
+        }, video_id, html='<!DOCTYPE html>'), video_id)

        formats, subtitles = [], {}
        initial_format_data = self._download_json(
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/openload.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/openload.py
@ -1,243 +0,0 @@
-import collections
-import contextlib
-import json
-import os
-import subprocess
-import tempfile
-import urllib.parse
-
-from ..utils import (
-    ExtractorError,
-    Popen,
-    check_executable,
-    format_field,
-    get_exe_version,
-    is_outdated_version,
-    shell_quote,
-)
-
-
-def cookie_to_dict(cookie):
-    cookie_dict = {
-        'name': cookie.name,
-        'value': cookie.value,
-    }
-    if cookie.port_specified:
-        cookie_dict['port'] = cookie.port
-    if cookie.domain_specified:
-        cookie_dict['domain'] = cookie.domain
-    if cookie.path_specified:
-        cookie_dict['path'] = cookie.path
-    if cookie.expires is not None:
-        cookie_dict['expires'] = cookie.expires
-    if cookie.secure is not None:
-        cookie_dict['secure'] = cookie.secure
-    if cookie.discard is not None:
-        cookie_dict['discard'] = cookie.discard
-    with contextlib.suppress(TypeError):
-        if (cookie.has_nonstandard_attr('httpOnly')
-                or cookie.has_nonstandard_attr('httponly')
-                or cookie.has_nonstandard_attr('HttpOnly')):
-            cookie_dict['httponly'] = True
-    return cookie_dict
-
-
-def cookie_jar_to_list(cookie_jar):
-    return [cookie_to_dict(cookie) for cookie in cookie_jar]
-
-
-class PhantomJSwrapper:
-    """PhantomJS wrapper class
-
-    This class is experimental.
-    """
-
-    INSTALL_HINT = 'Please download it from https://phantomjs.org/download.html'
-
-    _BASE_JS = R'''
-        phantom.onError = function(msg, trace) {{
-          var msgStack = ['PHANTOM ERROR: ' + msg];
-          if(trace && trace.length) {{
-            msgStack.push('TRACE:');
-            trace.forEach(function(t) {{
-              msgStack.push(' -> ' + (t.file || t.sourceURL) + ': ' + t.line
-                + (t.function ? ' (in function ' + t.function +')' : ''));
-            }});
-          }}
-          console.error(msgStack.join('\n'));
-          phantom.exit(1);
-        }};
-    '''
-
-    _TEMPLATE = R'''
-        var page = require('webpage').create();
-        var fs = require('fs');
-        var read = {{ mode: 'r', charset: 'utf-8' }};
-        var write = {{ mode: 'w', charset: 'utf-8' }};
-        JSON.parse(fs.read("{cookies}", read)).forEach(function(x) {{
-          phantom.addCookie(x);
-        }});
-        page.settings.resourceTimeout = {timeout};
-        page.settings.userAgent = "{ua}";
-        page.onLoadStarted = function() {{
-          page.evaluate(function() {{
-            delete window._phantom;
-            delete window.callPhantom;
-          }});
-        }};
-        var saveAndExit = function() {{
-          fs.write("{html}", page.content, write);
-          fs.write("{cookies}", JSON.stringify(phantom.cookies), write);
-          phantom.exit();
-        }};
-        page.onLoadFinished = function(status) {{
-          if(page.url === "") {{
-            page.setContent(fs.read("{html}", read), "{url}");
-          }}
-          else {{
-            {jscode}
-          }}
-        }};
-        page.open("");
-    '''
-
-    _TMP_FILE_NAMES = ['script', 'html', 'cookies']
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _version():
-        return get_exe_version('phantomjs', version_re=r'([0-9.]+)')
-
-    def __init__(self, extractor, required_version=None, timeout=10000):
-        self._TMP_FILES = {}
-
-        self.exe = check_executable('phantomjs', ['-v'])
-        if not self.exe:
-            raise ExtractorError(f'PhantomJS not found, {self.INSTALL_HINT}', expected=True)
-
-        self.extractor = extractor
-
-        if required_version:
-            version = self._version()
-            if is_outdated_version(version, required_version):
-                self.extractor._downloader.report_warning(
-                    'Your copy of PhantomJS is outdated, update it to version '
-                    f'{required_version} or newer if you encounter any errors.')
-
-        for name in self._TMP_FILE_NAMES:
-            tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False)
-            tmp.close()
-            self._TMP_FILES[name] = tmp
-
-        self.options = collections.ChainMap({
-            'timeout': timeout,
-        }, {
-            x: self._TMP_FILES[x].name.replace('\\', '\\\\').replace('"', '\\"')
-            for x in self._TMP_FILE_NAMES
-        })
-
-    def __del__(self):
-        for name in self._TMP_FILE_NAMES:
-            with contextlib.suppress(OSError, KeyError):
-                os.remove(self._TMP_FILES[name].name)
-
-    def _save_cookies(self, url):
-        cookies = cookie_jar_to_list(self.extractor.cookiejar)
-        for cookie in cookies:
-            if 'path' not in cookie:
-                cookie['path'] = '/'
-            if 'domain' not in cookie:
-                cookie['domain'] = urllib.parse.urlparse(url).netloc
-        with open(self._TMP_FILES['cookies'].name, 'wb') as f:
-            f.write(json.dumps(cookies).encode())
-
-    def _load_cookies(self):
-        with open(self._TMP_FILES['cookies'].name, 'rb') as f:
-            cookies = json.loads(f.read().decode('utf-8'))
-        for cookie in cookies:
-            if cookie['httponly'] is True:
-                cookie['rest'] = {'httpOnly': None}
-            if 'expiry' in cookie:
-                cookie['expire_time'] = cookie['expiry']
-            self.extractor._set_cookie(**cookie)
-
-    def get(self, url, html=None, video_id=None, note=None, note2='Executing JS on webpage', headers={}, jscode='saveAndExit();'):
-        """
-        Downloads webpage (if needed) and executes JS
-
-        Params:
-            url: website url
-            html: optional, html code of website
-            video_id: video id
-            note: optional, displayed when downloading webpage
-            note2: optional, displayed when executing JS
-            headers: custom http headers
-            jscode: code to be executed when page is loaded
-
-        Returns tuple with:
-            * downloaded website (after JS execution)
-            * anything you print with `console.log` (but not inside `page.execute`!)
-
-        In most cases you don't need to add any `jscode`.
-        It is executed in `page.onLoadFinished`.
-        `saveAndExit();` is mandatory, use it instead of `phantom.exit()`
-        It is possible to wait for some element on the webpage, e.g.
-            var check = function() {
-              var elementFound = page.evaluate(function() {
-                return document.querySelector('#b.done') !== null;
-              });
-              if(elementFound)
-                saveAndExit();
-              else
-                window.setTimeout(check, 500);
-            }
-
-            page.evaluate(function(){
-              document.querySelector('#a').click();
-            });
-            check();
-        """
-        if 'saveAndExit();' not in jscode:
-            raise ExtractorError('`saveAndExit();` not found in `jscode`')
-        if not html:
-            html = self.extractor._download_webpage(url, video_id, note=note, headers=headers)
-        with open(self._TMP_FILES['html'].name, 'wb') as f:
-            f.write(html.encode())
-
-        self._save_cookies(url)
-
-        user_agent = headers.get('User-Agent') or self.extractor.get_param('http_headers')['User-Agent']
-        jscode = self._TEMPLATE.format_map(self.options.new_child({
-            'url': url,
-            'ua': user_agent.replace('"', '\\"'),
-            'jscode': jscode,
-        }))
-
-        stdout = self.execute(jscode, video_id, note=note2)
-
-        with open(self._TMP_FILES['html'].name, 'rb') as f:
-            html = f.read().decode('utf-8')
-        self._load_cookies()
-
-        return html, stdout
-
-    def execute(self, jscode, video_id=None, *, note='Executing JS'):
-        """Execute JS and return stdout"""
-        if 'phantom.exit();' not in jscode:
-            jscode += ';\nphantom.exit();'
-        jscode = self._BASE_JS + jscode
-
-        with open(self._TMP_FILES['script'].name, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
-            f.write(jscode)
-        self.extractor.to_screen(f'{format_field(video_id, None, "%s: ")}{note}')
-
-        cmd = [self.exe, '--ssl-protocol=any', self._TMP_FILES['script'].name]
-        self.extractor.write_debug(f'PhantomJS command line: {shell_quote(cmd)}')
-        try:
-            stdout, stderr, returncode = Popen.run(cmd, timeout=self.options['timeout'] / 1000,
-                                                   text=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
-        except Exception as e:
-            raise ExtractorError(f'{note} failed: Unable to run PhantomJS binary', cause=e)
-        if returncode:
-            raise ExtractorError(f'{note} failed with returncode {returncode}:\n{stderr.strip()}')
-
-        return stdout
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pornhub.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pornhub.py
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 import re

 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from .openload import PhantomJSwrapper
+from ..jsinterp import PhantomJSwrapper
 from ..networking import Request
 from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/twitter.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/twitter.py
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@

 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from .periscope import PeriscopeBaseIE, PeriscopeIE
-from ..jsinterp import js_number_to_string
+from ..jsinterp.native import js_number_to_string
 from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_video.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_video.py
@ -25,8 +25,7 @@
 )
 from .pot._director import initialize_pot_director
 from .pot.provider import PoTokenContext, PoTokenRequest
-from ..openload import PhantomJSwrapper
-from ...jsinterp import JSInterpreter
+from ...jsinterp import JSInterpreter, PhantomJSwrapper
 from ...networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ...utils import (
    NO_DEFAULT,
--- a/yt_dlp/globals.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/globals.py
@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ def __repr__(self, /):

 postprocessors = Indirect({})
 extractors = Indirect({})
+jsi_runtimes = Indirect({})

 # Plugins
 all_plugins_loaded = Indirect(False)
@ -23,7 +24,9 @@ def __repr__(self, /):

 plugin_ies = Indirect({})
 plugin_pps = Indirect({})
+plugin_jsis = Indirect({})
 plugin_ies_overrides = Indirect(defaultdict(list))
+plugin_jsis_overrides = Indirect(defaultdict(list))

 # Misc
 IN_CLI = Indirect(False)
--- a/yt_dlp/jsinterp/init.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/jsinterp/init.py
@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# flake8: noqa: F401
+from .native import JSInterpreter
+from .common import _JSI_PREFERENCES, JSIWrapper
+from ._phantomjs import PhantomJSJSI, PhantomJSwrapper
+from ._deno import DenoJSI, DenoJSDomJSI
+from ..globals import jsi_runtimes, plugin_jsis
+from ..plugins import PluginSpec, register_plugin_spec
+
+jsi_runtimes.value.update({
+    name: value
+    for name, value in globals().items()
+    if name.endswith('JSI')
+})
+
+register_plugin_spec(PluginSpec(
+    module_name='jsinterp',
+    suffix='JSI',
+    destination=jsi_runtimes,
+    plugin_destination=plugin_jsis,
+))
+
+__all__ = [
+    JSInterpreter,
+    PhantomJSwrapper,
+    _JSI_PREFERENCES,
+    JSIWrapper,
+]
--- a/yt_dlp/jsinterp/_deno.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/jsinterp/_deno.py
@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import http.cookiejar
+import json
+import platform
+import re
+import subprocess
+import typing
+import urllib.parse
+
+
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    Popen,
+    int_or_none,
+    shell_quote,
+    unified_timestamp,
+)
+from ._helper import TempFileWrapper, random_string, override_navigator_js, extract_script_tags
+from .common import ExternalJSI
+
+
+class DenoJSI(ExternalJSI):
+    """JS interpreter class using Deno binary"""
+    _BASE_PREFERENCE = 5
+    _EXE_NAME = 'deno'
+    _DENO_FLAGS = ['--cached-only', '--no-prompt', '--no-check']
+    _INIT_SCRIPT = 'localStorage.clear(); delete window.Deno; global = window = globalThis;\n'
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, flags=[], replace_flags=False, init_script=None, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self._flags = flags if replace_flags else [*self._DENO_FLAGS, *flags]
+        self._init_script = self._INIT_SCRIPT if init_script is None else init_script
+
+    @property
+    def _override_navigator_js(self):
+        return override_navigator_js(self.user_agent)
+
+    def _run_deno(self, cmd):
+        self.write_debug(f'Deno command line: {shell_quote(cmd)}')
+        try:
+            stdout, stderr, returncode = Popen.run(
+                cmd, timeout=self.timeout, text=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise ExtractorError('Unable to run Deno binary', cause=e)
+        if returncode:
+            raise ExtractorError(f'Failed with returncode {returncode}:\n{stderr}')
+        elif stderr:
+            self.report_warning(f'JS console error msg:\n{stderr.strip()}')
+        return stdout.strip()
+
+    def execute(self, jscode, video_id=None, note='Executing JS in Deno'):
+        self.report_note(video_id, note)
+        location_args = ['--location', self._url] if self._url else []
+        with TempFileWrapper(f'{self._init_script};\n{self._override_navigator_js}\n{jscode}', suffix='.js') as js_file:
+            cmd = [self.exe, 'run', *self._flags, *location_args, js_file.name]
+            return self._run_deno(cmd)
+
+
+class DenoJSDomJSI(DenoJSI):
+    _BASE_PREFERENCE = 4
+    _DENO_FLAGS = ['--cached-only', '--no-prompt', '--no-check']
+    _JSDOM_VERSION = None
+    _JSDOM_URL = 'https://esm.sh/v135/jsdom'  # force use esm v135, see esm-dev/esm.sh #1034
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def serialize_cookie(cookiejar: YoutubeDLCookieJar | None, url: str):
+        """serialize netscape-compatible fields from cookiejar for tough-cookie loading"""
+        # JSDOM use tough-cookie as its CookieJar https://github.com/jsdom/jsdom/blob/main/lib/api.js
+        # tough-cookie use Cookie.fromJSON and Cookie.toJSON for cookie serialization
+        # https://github.com/salesforce/tough-cookie/blob/master/lib/cookie/cookie.ts
+        if not cookiejar:
+            return json.dumps({'cookies': []})
+        cookies: list[http.cookiejar.Cookie] = list(cookiejar.get_cookies_for_url(url))
+        return json.dumps({'cookies': [{
+            'key': cookie.name,
+            'value': cookie.value,
+            # leading dot of domain must be removed, otherwise will fail to match
+            'domain': cookie.domain.lstrip('.') or urllib.parse.urlparse(url).hostname,
+            'expires': int_or_none(cookie.expires, invscale=1000),
+            'hostOnly': not cookie.domain_initial_dot,
+            'secure': bool(cookie.secure),
+            'path': cookie.path,
+        } for cookie in cookies if cookie.value]})
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def apply_cookies(cookiejar: YoutubeDLCookieJar | None, cookies: list[dict]):
+        """apply cookies from serialized tough-cookie"""
+        # see serialize_cookie
+        if not cookiejar:
+            return
+        for cookie_dict in cookies:
+            if not all(cookie_dict.get(k) for k in ('key', 'value', 'domain')):
+                continue
+            if cookie_dict.get('hostOnly'):
+                cookie_dict['domain'] = cookie_dict['domain'].lstrip('.')
+            else:
+                cookie_dict['domain'] = '.' + cookie_dict['domain'].lstrip('.')
+
+            cookiejar.set_cookie(http.cookiejar.Cookie(
+                0, cookie_dict['key'], cookie_dict['value'],
+                None, False,
+                cookie_dict['domain'], True, not cookie_dict.get('hostOnly'),
+                cookie_dict.get('path', '/'), True,
+                bool(cookie_dict.get('secure')),
+                unified_timestamp(cookie_dict.get('expires')),
+                False, None, None, {}))
+
+    def _ensure_jsdom(self):
+        if self._JSDOM_VERSION:
+            return
+        # `--allow-import` is unsupported in v1, and esm.sh:443 is default allowed remote host for v2
+        result = self._run_deno([self.exe, 'info', self._JSDOM_URL])
+        version_line = next((line for line in result.splitlines() if self._JSDOM_URL in line), '')
+        if m := re.search(r'@([\d\.]+)', version_line):
+            self._JSDOM_VERSION = m[1]
+
+    def report_version(self):
+        super().report_version()
+        self._ensure_jsdom()
+        self.write_debug(f'JSDOM lib version {self._JSDOM_VERSION}')
+
+    def execute(self, jscode, video_id=None, note='Executing JS in Deno with jsdom', html='', cookiejar=None):
+        self.report_note(video_id, note)
+        self._ensure_jsdom()
+
+        if cookiejar and not self._url:
+            self.report_warning('No valid url scope provided, cookiejar is not applied')
+            cookiejar = None
+
+        html, inline_scripts = extract_script_tags(html)
+        wrapper_scripts = '\n'.join(['try { %s } catch (e) {}' % script for script in inline_scripts])
+
+        callback_varname = f'__callback_{random_string()}'
+        script = f'''{self._init_script};
+        import jsdom from "{self._JSDOM_URL}";
+        let {callback_varname} = (() => {{
+            const jar = jsdom.CookieJar.deserializeSync({json.dumps(self.serialize_cookie(cookiejar, self._url))});
+            const dom = new jsdom.JSDOM({json.dumps(str(html))}, {{
+                {'url: %s,' % json.dumps(str(self._url)) if self._url else ''}
+                cookieJar: jar,
+                pretendToBeVisual: true,
+            }});
+            Object.keys(dom.window).filter(key => !['atob', 'btoa', 'crypto', 'location'].includes(key))
+            .filter(key => !(window.location? [] : ['sessionStorage', 'localStorage']).includes(key))
+            .forEach((key) => {{
+                try {{window[key] = dom.window[key]}} catch (e) {{ console.error(e) }}
+            }});
+            {self._override_navigator_js};
+
+            window.screen = {{
+                availWidth: 1920,
+                availHeight: 1040,
+                width: 1920,
+                height: 1080,
+                colorDepth: 24,
+                isExtended: true,
+                onchange: null,
+                orientation: {{angle: 0, type: 'landscape-primary', onchange: null}},
+                pixelDepth: 24,
+            }}
+            Object.defineProperty(document.body, 'clientWidth', {{value: 1903}});
+            Object.defineProperty(document.body, 'clientHeight', {{value: 2000}});
+            document.domain = location?.hostname;
+
+            delete window.jsdom;
+            const origLog = console.log;
+            console.log = () => {{}};
+            console.info = () => {{}};
+            return () => {{
+                const stdout = [];
+                console.log = (...msg) => stdout.push(msg.map(m => '' + m).join(' '));
+                return () => {{ origLog(JSON.stringify({{
+                    stdout: stdout.join('\\n'), cookies: jar.serializeSync().cookies}})); }}
+            }}
+        }})();
+        {wrapper_scripts}
+        {callback_varname} = {callback_varname}(); // begin to capture console.log
+        try {{
+            {jscode}
+        }} finally {{
+            {callback_varname}();
+        }}
+        '''
+
+        # https://github.com/prebuild/node-gyp-build/blob/6822ec5/node-gyp-build.js#L196-L198
+        # This jsdom dependency raises fatal error on linux unless read for this file is allowed
+        read_flag = ['--allow-read=/etc/alpine-release'] if platform.system() == 'Linux' else []
+
+        location_args = ['--location', self._url] if self._url else []
+
+        with TempFileWrapper(script, suffix='.js') as js_file:
+            cmd = [self.exe, 'run', *self._flags, *read_flag, *location_args, js_file.name]
+            result = self._run_deno(cmd)
+            try:
+                data = json.loads(result)
+            except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
+                raise ExtractorError(f'Failed to parse JSON output from Deno: {result}', cause=e)
+        self.apply_cookies(cookiejar, data['cookies'])
+        return data['stdout']
+
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ..cookies import YoutubeDLCookieJar
--- a/yt_dlp/jsinterp/_helper.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/jsinterp/_helper.py
@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+import contextlib
+import json
+import os
+import random
+import re
+import string
+import tempfile
+
+
+class TempFileWrapper:
+    """
+    Wrapper for NamedTemporaryFile, auto closes file after io and deletes file upon wrapper object gc
+
+    @param {str | bytes | None} content: content to write to file upon creation
+    @param {bool} text: whether to open file in text mode
+    @param {str} encoding: encoding to use for text mode
+    @param {str | None} suffix: suffix for filename of temporary file
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, content: str | bytes | None = None, text: bool = True,
+                 encoding='utf-8', suffix: str | None = None):
+        self.encoding = None if not text else encoding
+        self.text = text
+        self._file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile('w' if text else 'wb', encoding=self.encoding,
+                                                 suffix=suffix, delete=False)
+        if content:
+            self._file.write(content)
+        self._file.close()
+
+    @property
+    def name(self):
+        return self._file.name
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def opened_file(self, mode, *, seek=None, seek_whence=0):
+        mode = mode if (self.text or 'b' in mode) else mode + 'b'
+        with open(self._file.name, mode, encoding=self.encoding) as f:
+            if seek is not None:
+                self._file.seek(seek, seek_whence)
+            yield f
+
+    def write(self, s, seek=None, seek_whence=0):
+        """re-open file in write mode and write, optionally seek to position first"""
+        with self.opened_file('w', seek=seek, seek_whence=seek_whence) as f:
+            return f.write(s)
+
+    def append_write(self, s, seek=None, seek_whence=0):
+        """re-open file in append mode and write, optionally seek to position first"""
+        with self.opened_file('a', seek=seek, seek_whence=seek_whence) as f:
+            return f.write(s)
+
+    def read(self, n=-1, seek=None, seek_whence=0):
+        """re-open file and read, optionally seek to position first"""
+        with self.opened_file('r', seek=seek, seek_whence=seek_whence) as f:
+            return f.read(n)
+
+    def cleanup(self):
+        with contextlib.suppress(OSError):
+            os.remove(self._file.name)
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        self.cleanup()
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
+        self.cleanup()
+
+
+def random_string(length: int = 10) -> str:
+    return ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_letters, k=length))
+
+
+def override_navigator_js(user_agent: str) -> str:
+    """Generate js snippet to override navigator properties based on user_agent string"""
+    return '\n'.join([
+        'Object.defineProperty(navigator, "%s", { value: %s, configurable: true });' % (k, json.dumps(v))
+        for k, v in {
+            'userAgent': user_agent,
+            'language': 'en-US',
+            'languages': ['en-US'],
+            'webdriver': False,
+            'cookieEnabled': True,
+            'appCodeName': user_agent.split('/', maxsplit=1)[0],
+            'appName': 'Netscape',
+            'appVersion': user_agent.split('/', maxsplit=1)[-1],
+            'platform': 'Win32',
+            'product': 'Gecko',
+            'productSub': '20030107',
+            'vendor': 'Google Inc.',
+            'vendorSub': '',
+            'onLine': True,
+        }.items()
+    ])
+
+
+def extract_script_tags(html: str) -> tuple[str, list[str]]:
+    script_indicies = []
+    inline_scripts = []
+
+    for match_start in re.finditer(r'<script[^>]*>', html, re.DOTALL | re.IGNORECASE):
+        end = html.find('</script>', match_start.end())
+        if end > match_start.end():
+            script_indicies.append((match_start.start(), end + len('</script>')))
+            inline_scripts.append(html[match_start.end():end])
+
+    for start, end in script_indicies:
+        html = html[:start] + html[end:]
+
+    return html, inline_scripts
+
+
+def prepare_wasm_jsmodule(js_mod: str, wasm: bytes) -> str:
+    """
+    Sanitize js wrapper module generated by rust wasm-pack for wasm init
+    Removes export and import.meta, and inlines wasm binary as Uint8Array
+    See test/test_data/jsi_external/hello_wasm.js for example
+
+    @param {str} js_mod: js wrapper module generated by rust wasm-pack
+    @param {bytes} wasm: wasm binary
+    """
+
+    js_mod = re.sub(r'export(?:\s+default)?([\s{])', r'\1', js_mod)
+    js_mod = js_mod.replace('import.meta', '{}')
+
+    return js_mod + ''';
+    await (async () => {
+        const t = __wbg_get_imports();
+        __wbg_init_memory(t);
+        const {module, instance} = await WebAssembly.instantiate(Uint8Array.from(%s), t);
+        __wbg_finalize_init(instance, module);
+    })();
+    ''' % list(wasm)
--- a/yt_dlp/jsinterp/_phantomjs.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/jsinterp/_phantomjs.py
@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import contextlib
+import http.cookiejar
+import json
+import subprocess
+import typing
+import urllib.parse
+
+
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    Popen,
+    filter_dict,
+    int_or_none,
+    is_outdated_version,
+    shell_quote,
+)
+from ._helper import TempFileWrapper, random_string, extract_script_tags
+from .common import ExternalJSI
+
+
+class PhantomJSJSI(ExternalJSI):
+    _EXE_NAME = 'phantomjs'
+    _BASE_PREFERENCE = 3
+
+    _BASE_JS = R'''
+        phantom.onError = function(msg, trace) {{
+          var msgStack = ['PHANTOM ERROR: ' + msg];
+          if(trace && trace.length) {{
+            msgStack.push('TRACE:');
+            trace.forEach(function(t) {{
+              msgStack.push(' -> ' + (t.file || t.sourceURL) + ': ' + t.line
+                + (t.function ? ' (in function ' + t.function +')' : ''));
+            }});
+          }}
+          console.error(msgStack.join('\n'));
+          phantom.exit(1);
+        }};
+    '''
+
+    _TEMPLATE = R'''
+        var page = require('webpage').create();
+        var fs = require('fs');
+        var read = {{ mode: 'r', charset: 'utf-8' }};
+        var write = {{ mode: 'w', charset: 'utf-8' }};
+        page.settings.resourceTimeout = {timeout};
+        page.settings.userAgent = {ua};
+        page.onLoadStarted = function() {{
+          page.evaluate(function() {{
+            delete window._phantom;
+            delete window.callPhantom;
+          }});
+        }};
+        var saveAndExit = function() {{
+          fs.write({html_fn}, page.content, write);
+          fs.write({cookies_fn}, JSON.stringify(phantom.cookies), write);
+          phantom.exit();
+        }};
+        var loaded = false;
+        page.onLoadFinished = function(status) {{
+          if(page.url === "" && !loaded) {{
+            page.setContent(fs.read({html_fn}, read), {url});
+            loaded = true;
+          }}
+          else {{
+            JSON.parse(fs.read({cookies_fn}, read)).forEach(function(x) {{
+                phantom.addCookie(x);
+            }});
+            {jscode}
+          }}
+        }};
+        page.open("");
+    '''
+
+    def _save_cookies(self, url, cookiejar: YoutubeDLCookieJar | None):
+        def _cookie_to_dict(cookie: http.cookiejar.Cookie):
+            cookie_dict = {
+                'name': cookie.name,
+                'value': cookie.value,
+                'port': cookie.port,
+                'domain': cookie.domain,
+                'path': cookie.path or '/',
+                'expires': int_or_none(cookie.expires, invscale=1000),
+                'secure': cookie.secure,
+                'discard': cookie.discard,
+            }
+            if not cookie_dict['domain']:
+                cookie_dict['domain'] = urllib.parse.urlparse(url).hostname
+                cookie_dict['port'] = urllib.parse.urlparse(url).port
+            with contextlib.suppress(TypeError):
+                if (cookie.has_nonstandard_attr('httpOnly')
+                        or cookie.has_nonstandard_attr('httponly')
+                        or cookie.has_nonstandard_attr('HttpOnly')):
+                    cookie_dict['httponly'] = True
+            return filter_dict(cookie_dict)
+
+        cookies = cookiejar.get_cookies_for_url(url) if cookiejar else []
+        return json.dumps([_cookie_to_dict(cookie) for cookie in cookies])
+
+    def _load_cookies(self, cookies_json: str, cookiejar: YoutubeDLCookieJar | None):
+        if not cookiejar:
+            return
+        cookies = json.loads(cookies_json)
+        for cookie in cookies:
+            cookiejar.set_cookie(http.cookiejar.Cookie(
+                0, cookie['name'], cookie['value'], cookie.get('port'), cookie.get('port') is not None,
+                cookie['domain'], True, cookie['domain'].startswith('.'),
+                cookie.get('path', '/'), True,
+                cookie.get('secure', False), cookie.get('expiry'),
+                cookie.get('discard', False), None, None,
+                {'httpOnly': None} if cookie.get('httponly') is True else {},
+            ))
+
+    def _execute(self, jscode: str, video_id=None, *, note='Executing JS in PhantomJS'):
+        """Execute JS and return stdout"""
+        if 'phantom.exit();' not in jscode:
+            jscode += ';\nphantom.exit();'
+        jscode = self._BASE_JS + jscode
+
+        self.report_note(video_id, note)
+        with TempFileWrapper(jscode, suffix='.js') as js_file:
+            cmd = [self.exe, '--ssl-protocol=any', js_file.name]
+            self.write_debug(f'PhantomJS command line: {shell_quote(cmd)}')
+            try:
+                stdout, stderr, returncode = Popen.run(
+                    cmd, timeout=self.timeout, text=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+            except Exception as e:
+                raise ExtractorError(f'{note} failed: Unable to run PhantomJS binary', cause=e)
+            if returncode:
+                raise ExtractorError(f'{note} failed with returncode {returncode}:\n{stderr.strip()}')
+        return stdout
+
+    def _execute_html(self, jscode: str, url: str, html: str, cookiejar, video_id=None, note='Executing JS on webpage'):
+        if 'saveAndExit();' not in jscode:
+            raise ExtractorError('`saveAndExit();` not found in `jscode`')
+
+        if cookiejar and not url:
+            self.report_warning('No valid url scope provided, cookiejar is not applied')
+            cookiejar = None
+
+        html, inline_scripts = extract_script_tags(html)
+        wrapped_scripts = '\n'.join([
+            'page.evaluate(function() { try { %s } catch (e) {} });' % inline for inline in inline_scripts])
+
+        html_file = TempFileWrapper(html, suffix='.html')
+        cookie_file = TempFileWrapper(self._save_cookies(url, cookiejar), suffix='.json')
+
+        script = self._TEMPLATE.format_map({
+            'url': json.dumps(str(url)),
+            'ua': json.dumps(str(self.user_agent)),
+            'jscode': f'{wrapped_scripts}\n{jscode}',
+            'html_fn': json.dumps(html_file.name),
+            'cookies_fn': json.dumps(cookie_file.name),
+            'timeout': int(self.timeout * 1000),
+        })
+
+        stdout = self._execute(script, video_id, note=note)
+        self._load_cookies(cookie_file.read(), cookiejar)
+        new_html = html_file.read()
+
+        return new_html, stdout
+
+    def execute(self, jscode, video_id=None, note='Executing JS in PhantomJS', html='', cookiejar=None):
+        jscode = '''console.log(page.evaluate(function() {
+            var %(std_var)s = [];
+            console.log = function() {
+                var values = '';
+                for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+                    values += arguments[i] + ' ';
+                }
+                %(std_var)s.push(values);
+            }
+            %(jscode)s;
+            return %(std_var)s.join('\\n');
+
+        }));
+        saveAndExit();''' % {
+            'std_var': f'__stdout__values_{random_string()}',
+            'jscode': jscode,
+        }
+        return self._execute_html(jscode, self._url, html, cookiejar, video_id=video_id, note=note)[1].strip()
+
+
+class PhantomJSwrapper:
+    """PhantomJS wrapper class
+
+    This class is experimental.
+    """
+    INSTALL_HINT = 'Please download PhantomJS from https://phantomjs.org/download.html'
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _version(cls):
+        return PhantomJSJSI.exe_version
+
+    def __init__(self, extractor: InfoExtractor, required_version=None, timeout=10000):
+        self._jsi = PhantomJSJSI(extractor._downloader, '', timeout / 1000, {})
+
+        if not self._jsi.is_available():
+            raise ExtractorError(f'PhantomJS not found, {self.INSTALL_HINT}', expected=True)
+
+        self.extractor = extractor
+
+        if required_version:
+            if is_outdated_version(self._jsi.exe_version, required_version):
+                self._jsi.report_warning(
+                    'Your copy of PhantomJS is outdated, update it to version '
+                    f'{required_version} or newer if you encounter any errors.')
+
+    def get(self, url, html=None, video_id=None, note=None, note2='Executing JS on webpage', headers={}, jscode='saveAndExit();'):
+        """
+        Downloads webpage (if needed) and executes JS
+
+        Params:
+            url: website url
+            html: optional, html code of website
+            video_id: video id
+            note: optional, displayed when downloading webpage
+            note2: optional, displayed when executing JS
+            headers: custom http headers
+            jscode: code to be executed when page is loaded
+
+        Returns tuple with:
+            * downloaded website (after JS execution)
+            * anything you print with `console.log` (but not inside `page.execute`!)
+
+        In most cases you don't need to add any `jscode`.
+        It is executed in `page.onLoadFinished`.
+        `saveAndExit();` is mandatory, use it instead of `phantom.exit()`
+        It is possible to wait for some element on the webpage, e.g.
+            var check = function() {
+              var elementFound = page.evaluate(function() {
+                return document.querySelector('#b.done') !== null;
+              });
+              if(elementFound)
+                saveAndExit();
+              else
+                window.setTimeout(check, 500);
+            }
+
+            page.evaluate(function(){
+              document.querySelector('#a').click();
+            });
+            check();
+        """
+        if 'saveAndExit();' not in jscode:
+            raise ExtractorError('`saveAndExit();` not found in `jscode`')
+        if not html:
+            html = self.extractor._download_webpage(url, video_id, note=note, headers=headers)
+
+        self._jsi.user_agent = headers.get('User-Agent') or self.extractor.get_param('http_headers')['User-Agent']
+
+        return self._jsi._execute_html(jscode, url, html, self.extractor.cookiejar, video_id=video_id, note=note2)
+
+    def execute(self, jscode, video_id=None, *, note='Executing JS in PhantomJS'):
+        """Execute JS and return stdout"""
+        return self._jsi.execute(jscode, video_id=video_id, note=note)
+
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ..extractor.common import InfoExtractor
+    from ..cookies import YoutubeDLCookieJar
--- a/yt_dlp/jsinterp/common.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/jsinterp/common.py
@ -0,0 +1,315 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import abc
+import inspect
+import sys
+import typing
+
+from ..globals import jsi_runtimes, plugin_jsis_overrides
+from ..extractor.common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import (
+    classproperty,
+    format_field,
+    filter_dict,
+    get_exe_version,
+    url_or_none,
+    sanitize_url,
+    ExtractorError,
+)
+
+_JSI_PREFERENCES: set[JSIPreference] = set()
+
+
+def get_all_handlers() -> dict[str, type[JSI]]:
+    return {jsi.JSI_KEY: jsi for jsi in jsi_runtimes.value.values()}
+
+
+def to_jsi_keys(jsi_or_keys: typing.Iterable[str | type[JSI] | JSI]) -> list[str]:
+    return [jok if isinstance(jok, str) else jok.JSI_KEY for jok in jsi_or_keys]
+
+
+def get_included_jsi(only_include=None, exclude=None):
+    return {
+        key: value for key, value in get_all_handlers().items()
+        if (not only_include or key in to_jsi_keys(only_include))
+        and (not exclude or key not in to_jsi_keys(exclude))
+    }
+
+
+def order_to_pref(jsi_order: typing.Iterable[str | type[JSI] | JSI], multiplier: int) -> JSIPreference:
+    """convert a list of jsi keys into a preference function"""
+    jsi_order = reversed(to_jsi_keys(jsi_order))
+    pref_score = {jsi_cls: (i + 1) * multiplier for i, jsi_cls in enumerate(jsi_order)}
+
+    def _pref(jsi: JSI, *args):
+        return pref_score.get(jsi.JSI_KEY, 0)
+    return _pref
+
+
+class JSIWrapper:
+    """
+    Helper class to forward JS interp request to a JSI that supports it.
+
+    Usage:
+    ```
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        ...
+        jsi = JSIWrapper(self, url)
+        result = jsi.execute(jscode, video_id)
+        ...
+    ```
+
+    @param dl_or_ie: `YoutubeDL` or `InfoExtractor` instance.
+    @param url: setting url context
+    @param only_include: limit JSI to choose from.
+    @param exclude: JSI to avoid using.
+    @param jsi_params: extra kwargs to pass to `JSI.__init__()` for each JSI, using jsi key as dict key.
+    @param preferred_order: list of JSI to try before others. First in list is tried first.
+    @param timeout: timeout parameter for all chosen JSI
+    @param user_agent: specify user-agent to use, default to downloader UA
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        dl_or_ie: YoutubeDL | InfoExtractor,
+        url: str = '',
+        only_include: typing.Iterable[str | type[JSI]] = [],
+        exclude: typing.Iterable[str | type[JSI]] = [],
+        jsi_params: dict[str, dict] = {},
+        preferred_order: typing.Iterable[str | type[JSI]] = [],
+        timeout: float | int = 10,
+        user_agent: str | None = None,
+    ):
+        if isinstance(dl_or_ie, InfoExtractor):
+            self._downloader = dl_or_ie._downloader
+            self._ie_key = dl_or_ie.ie_key()
+        else:
+            self._downloader = dl_or_ie
+            self._ie_key = None
+
+        self._url = self._sanitize_url(url)
+        self.preferences: set[JSIPreference] = {
+            order_to_pref(self._load_jsi_keys_from_option('jsi_preference'), 10000),
+            order_to_pref(preferred_order, 100),
+        } | _JSI_PREFERENCES
+
+        handler_classes = self._load_allowed_jsi_cls(only_include, exclude)
+        if not handler_classes:
+            raise ExtractorError('No JSI is allowed to use')
+
+        user_agent = user_agent or self._downloader.params['http_headers']['User-Agent']
+        self._handler_dict = {cls.JSI_KEY: cls(
+            self._downloader, url=self._url, timeout=timeout,
+            user_agent=user_agent, **jsi_params.get(cls.JSI_KEY, {}),
+        ) for cls in handler_classes.values()}
+
+        self._is_test = self._downloader.params.get('test', False)
+
+    def _sanitize_url(self, url):
+        sanitized = sanitize_url(url_or_none(url)) or ''
+        if url and not sanitized:
+            self.report_warning(f'Invalid URL: "{url}", using empty string instead')
+        return sanitized
+
+    def _load_jsi_keys_from_option(self, option_key):
+        jsi_keys = self._downloader.params.get(option_key, [])
+        valid_handlers = list(get_all_handlers())
+        for invalid_key in [key for key in jsi_keys if key not in valid_handlers]:
+            self.report_warning(f'{option_key}: `{invalid_key}` is not a valid JSI', only_once=True)
+            jsi_keys.remove(invalid_key)
+        return jsi_keys
+
+    def _load_allowed_jsi_cls(self, only_include, exclude):
+        self.write_debug(f'Loaded JSI runtimes: {get_all_handlers()}')
+        handler_classes = filter_dict(
+            get_included_jsi(only_include, exclude),
+            lambda _, v: v.supports_extractor(self._ie_key))
+        self.write_debug(f'Select JSI {"for " + self._ie_key if self._ie_key else ""}: {to_jsi_keys(handler_classes)}, '
+                         f'included: {to_jsi_keys(only_include) or "all"}, excluded: {to_jsi_keys(exclude)}')
+        return handler_classes
+
+    def write_debug(self, message, only_once=False):
+        return self._downloader.write_debug(f'[JSIDirector] {message}', only_once=only_once)
+
+    def report_warning(self, message, only_once=False):
+        return self._downloader.report_warning(f'[JSIDirector] {message}', only_once=only_once)
+
+    def _get_handlers(self, method_name: str, *args, **kwargs) -> list[JSI]:
+        def _supports_method_with_params(jsi: JSI):
+            if not callable(method := getattr(jsi, method_name, None)):
+                return False
+            method_params = inspect.signature(method).parameters
+            return all(key in method_params for key in kwargs)
+
+        handlers = [h for h in self._handler_dict.values() if _supports_method_with_params(h)]
+        self.write_debug(f'Choosing handlers for method `{method_name}` with kwargs {list(kwargs)}'
+                         f': {to_jsi_keys(handlers)}')
+
+        if not handlers:
+            raise ExtractorError(f'No JSI supports method `{method_name}` with kwargs {list(kwargs)}, '
+                                 f'included handlers: {to_jsi_keys(self._handler_dict.values())}')
+
+        preferences = {
+            handler.JSI_KEY: sum(pref_func(handler, method_name, args, kwargs) for pref_func in self.preferences)
+            for handler in handlers
+        }
+        self.write_debug('JSI preferences for `{}` request: {}'.format(
+            method_name, ', '.join(f'{key}={pref}' for key, pref in preferences.items())))
+
+        return sorted(handlers, key=lambda h: preferences[h.JSI_KEY], reverse=True)
+
+    def _dispatch_request(self, method_name: str, *args, **kwargs):
+        handlers = self._get_handlers(method_name, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        unavailable: list[str] = []
+        exceptions: list[tuple[JSI, Exception]] = []
+
+        for handler in handlers:
+            if not handler.is_available():
+                if self._is_test:
+                    raise ExtractorError(f'{handler.JSI_NAME} is not available for testing, '
+                                         f'add "{handler.JSI_KEY}" in `exclude` if it should not be used')
+                self.write_debug(f'{handler.JSI_KEY} is not available')
+                unavailable.append(handler.JSI_NAME)
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                self.write_debug(f'Dispatching `{method_name}` task to {handler.JSI_NAME}')
+                handler.report_version()
+                return getattr(handler, method_name)(*args, **kwargs)
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                if self._is_test:
+                    raise ExtractorError(f'{handler.JSI_NAME} got error while evaluating js, '
+                                         f'add "{handler.JSI_KEY}" in `exclude` if it should not be used')
+                exceptions.append((handler, e))
+                self.write_debug(f'{handler.JSI_NAME} encountered error, fallback to next handler: {e}')
+
+        if not exceptions:
+            msg = f'No available JSI installed, please install one of: {", ".join(unavailable)}'
+        else:
+            msg = f'Failed to perform {method_name}, total {len(exceptions)} errors'
+            if unavailable:
+                msg = f'{msg}. You may try installing one of unavailable JSI: {", ".join(unavailable)}'
+        raise ExtractorError(msg)
+
+    def execute(self, jscode: str, video_id: str | None, note: str | None = None,
+                html: str | None = None, cookiejar: YoutubeDLCookieJar | None = None) -> str:
+        """
+        Execute JS code and return stdout from console.log
+
+        @param jscode: JS code to execute
+        @param video_id
+        @param note
+        @param html: html to load as document
+        @param cookiejar: cookiejar to read and set cookies, pass `InfoExtractor.cookiejar` if you want to read and write cookies
+        """
+        return self._dispatch_request('execute', jscode, video_id, **filter_dict({
+            'note': note, 'html': html, 'cookiejar': cookiejar}))
+
+
+class JSI(abc.ABC):
+    _BASE_PREFERENCE: int = 0
+
+    def __init__(self, downloader: YoutubeDL, url: str, timeout: float | int, user_agent=None):
+        self._downloader = downloader
+        self._url = url
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.user_agent: str = user_agent or self._downloader.params['http_headers']['User-Agent']
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __init_subclass__(cls, *, plugin_name=None, **kwargs):
+        if plugin_name:
+            mro = inspect.getmro(cls)
+            next_mro_class = super_class = mro[mro.index(cls) + 1]
+
+            while getattr(super_class, '__wrapped__', None):
+                super_class = super_class.__wrapped__
+
+            if not any(override.PLUGIN_NAME == plugin_name for override in plugin_jsis_overrides.value[super_class]):
+                cls.__wrapped__ = next_mro_class
+                cls.PLUGIN_NAME, cls.JSI_KEY = plugin_name, next_mro_class.JSI_KEY
+                cls.JSI_NAME = f'{next_mro_class.JSI_NAME}+{plugin_name}'
+
+                setattr(sys.modules[super_class.__module__], super_class.__name__, cls)
+                # additional update jsi_runtime because jsis are not further loaded like extractors
+                jsi_runtimes.value[super_class.JSI_KEY] = cls
+                plugin_jsis_overrides.value[super_class].append(cls)
+        return super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def write_debug(self, msg, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._downloader.write_debug(f'[{self.JSI_NAME}] {msg}', *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def report_warning(self, msg, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._downloader.report_warning(f'[{self.JSI_NAME}] {msg}', *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def to_screen(self, msg, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._downloader.to_screen(f'[{self.JSI_NAME}] {msg}', *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def report_note(self, video_id, note):
+        self.to_screen(f'{format_field(video_id, None, "%s: ")}{note}')
+
+    def report_version(self):
+        return
+
+    @classmethod
+    def supports_extractor(cls, ie_key: str):
+        return True
+
+    @classproperty
+    def JSI_NAME(cls) -> str:
+        return cls.__name__[:-3]
+
+    @classproperty
+    def JSI_KEY(cls) -> str:
+        assert cls.__name__.endswith('JSI'), 'JSI class names must end with "JSI"'
+        return cls.__name__[:-3]
+
+
+class ExternalJSI(JSI, abc.ABC):
+    _EXE_NAME: str
+
+    @classproperty(cache=True)
+    def exe_version(cls):
+        return get_exe_version(cls._EXE_NAME, args=getattr(cls, 'V_ARGS', ['--version']), version_re=r'([0-9.]+)')
+
+    @classproperty
+    def exe(cls):
+        return cls._EXE_NAME if cls.exe_version else None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_available(cls):
+        return bool(cls.exe)
+
+    def report_version(self):
+        self.write_debug(f'{self._EXE_NAME} version {self.exe_version}')
+
+
+def register_jsi_preference(*handlers: type[JSI]):
+    assert all(issubclass(handler, JSI) for handler in handlers), f'{handlers} must all be a subclass of JSI'
+
+    def outer(pref_func: JSIPreference) -> JSIPreference:
+        def inner(handler: JSI, *args):
+            if not handlers or isinstance(handler, handlers):
+                return pref_func(handler, *args)
+            return 0
+        _JSI_PREFERENCES.add(inner)
+        return inner
+    return outer
+
+
+@register_jsi_preference()
+def _base_preference(handler: JSI, *args):
+    return min(10, getattr(handler, '_BASE_PREFERENCE', 0))
+
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ..YoutubeDL import YoutubeDL
+    from ..cookies import YoutubeDLCookieJar
+
+    class JSIPreference(typing.Protocol):
+        def __call__(self, handler: JSI, method_name: str, *args, **kwargs) -> int:
+            ...
--- a/yt_dlp/jsinterp/native.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/jsinterp/native.py
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 import operator
 import re

-from .utils import (
+from ..utils import (
    NO_DEFAULT,
    ExtractorError,
    function_with_repr,
--- a/yt_dlp/options.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/options.py
@ -1192,6 +1192,11 @@ def _preset_alias_callback(option, opt_str, value, parser):
        '--sleep-subtitles', metavar='SECONDS',
        dest='sleep_interval_subtitles', default=0, type=int,
        help='Number of seconds to sleep before each subtitle download')
+    workarounds.add_option(
+        '--jsi-preference',
+        metavar='JSI', dest='jsi_preference', default=[], type='str', action='callback',
+        callback=_list_from_options_callback,
+        help='Preferred JS interpreters to use during extraction. Can be given as comma-separated values.')

    verbosity = optparse.OptionGroup(parser, 'Verbosity and Simulation Options')
    verbosity.add_option(