diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
index fd7b0f121..2c58cdfc9 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ ### Are you willing to share account details if needed?
 While these steps won't necessarily ensure that no misuse of the account takes place, these are still some good practices to follow.
 
 - Look for people with `Member` (maintainers of the project) or `Contributor` (people who have previously contributed code) tag on their messages.
-- Change the password before sharing the account to something random (use [this](https://passwordsgenerator.net/) if you don't have a random password generator).
+- Change the password before sharing the account to something random.
 - Change the password after receiving the account back.
 
 ### Is the website primarily used for piracy?
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTORS b/CONTRIBUTORS
index ba23b66dc..f20b4ce17 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTORS
+++ b/CONTRIBUTORS
@@ -784,3 +784,12 @@ eason1478
 ceandreasen
 chauhantirth
 helpimnotdrowning
+adamralph
+averageFOSSenjoyer
+bubo
+flanter21
+Georift
+moonshinerd
+R0hanW
+ShockedPlot7560
+swayll
diff --git a/Changelog.md b/Changelog.md
index 5a5c18cf3..7205b95aa 100644
--- a/Changelog.md
+++ b/Changelog.md
@@ -4,6 +4,97 @@ # Changelog
 # To create a release, dispatch the https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/actions/workflows/release.yml workflow on master
 -->
 
+### 2025.07.21
+
+#### Important changes
+- **Default behaviour changed from `--mtime` to `--no-mtime`**
+yt-dlp no longer applies the server modified time to downloaded files by default. [Read more](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12780)
+- Security: [[CVE-2025-54072](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54072)] [Fix `--exec` placeholder expansion on Windows](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/security/advisories/GHSA-45hg-7f49-5h56)
+    - When `--exec` is used on Windows, the filepath expanded from `{}` (or the default placeholder) is now properly escaped
+
+#### Core changes
+- [Allow extractors to designate formats/subtitles for impersonation](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/32809eb2da92c649e540a5b714f6235036026161) ([#13778](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13778)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly) (With fixes in [3e49bc8](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/3e49bc8a1bdb4109b857f2c361c358e86fa63405), [2ac3eb9](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/2ac3eb98373d1c31341c5e918c83872c7ff409c6))
+- [Don't let format testing alter the return code](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/4919051e447c7f8ae9df8ba5c4208b6b5c04915a) ([#13767](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13767)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- [Fix `--exec` placeholder expansion on Windows](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/959ac99e98c3215437e573c22d64be42d361e863) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+- [No longer enable `--mtime` by default](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f3008bc5f89d2691f2f8dfc51b406ef4e25281c3) ([#12781](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12781)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+- [Warn when skipping formats](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/1f27a9f8baccb9105f2476154557540efe09a937) ([#13090](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13090)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **jsinterp**
+    - [Cache undefined variable names](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b342d27f3f82d913976509ddf5bff539ad8567ec) ([#13639](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13639)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly) (With fixes in [805519b](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/805519bfaa7cb5443912dfe45ac774834ba65a16))
+    - [Fix variable scoping](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b6328ca05030d815222b25d208cc59a964623bf9) ([#13639](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13639)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+- **utils**
+    - `mimetype2ext`: [Always parse `flac` from `audio/flac`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b8abd255e454acbe0023cdb946f9eb461ced7eeb) ([#13748](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13748)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - `unified_timestamp`: [Return `int` values](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/6be26626f7cfa71d28e0fac2861eb04758810c5d) ([#13796](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13796)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
+    - `urlhandle_detect_ext`: [Use `x-amz-meta-file-type` headers](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/28bf46b7dafe2e241137763bf570a2f91ba8a53a) ([#13749](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13749)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+
+#### Extractor changes
+- [Add `_search_nextjs_v13_data` helper](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5245231e4a39ecd5595d4337d46d85e150e2430a) ([#13398](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13398)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly) (With fixes in [b5fea53](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b5fea53f2099bed41ba1b17ab0ac87c8dba5a5ec))
+- [Detect invalid m3u8 playlist data](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/e99c0b838a9c5feb40c0dcd291bd7b8620b8d36d) ([#13601](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13601)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+- **10play**: [Support new site domain](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/790c286ce3e0b534ca2d8f6648ced220d888f139) ([#13611](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13611)) by [Georift](https://github.com/Georift)
+- **9gag**: [Support browser impersonation](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/0b359b184dee0c7052be482857bf562de67e4928) ([#13678](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13678)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **aenetworks**: [Support new URL formats](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5f951ce929b56a822514f1a02cc06af030855ec7) ([#13747](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13747)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **archive.org**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/d42a6ff0c4ca8893d722ff4e0c109aecbf4cc7cf) ([#13706](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13706)) by [rdamas](https://github.com/rdamas)
+- **bandaichannel**: [Remove extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/23e9389f936ec5236a87815b8576e5ce567b2f77) ([#13152](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13152)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
+- **bandcamp**: [Extract tags](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f9dff95cb1c138913011417b3bba020c0a691bba) ([#13480](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13480)) by [WouterGordts](https://github.com/WouterGordts)
+- **bellmedia**: [Remove extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/6fb3947c0dc6d0e3eab5077c5bada8402f47a277) ([#13429](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13429)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
+- **bilibili**: [Pass newer user-agent with API requests](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/d3edc5d52a7159eda2331dbc7e14bf40a6585c81) ([#13736](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13736)) by [c-basalt](https://github.com/c-basalt)
+- **bilibilibangumi**
+    - [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b15aa8d77257b86fa44c9a42a615dfe47ac5b3b7) ([#13800](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13800)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - [Fix geo-block detection](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/884f35d54a64f1e6e7be49459842f573fc3a2701) ([#13667](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13667)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **blackboardcollaborate**: [Support subtitles and authwalled videos](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/dcc4cba39e2a79d3efce16afa28dbe245468489f) ([#12473](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12473)) by [flanter21](https://github.com/flanter21)
+- **btvplus**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/3ae61e0f313dd03a09060abc7a212775c3717818) ([#13541](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13541)) by [bubo](https://github.com/bubo)
+- **ctv**: [Remove extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9f54ea38984788811773ca2ceaca73864acf0e8a) ([#13429](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13429)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
+- **dangalplay**: [Support other login regions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/09982bc33e2f1f9a1ff66e6738df44f15b36f6a6) ([#13768](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13768)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **francetv**: [Improve error handling](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ade876efb31d55d3394185ffc56942fdc8d325cc) ([#13726](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13726)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **hotstar**
+    - [Fix support for free accounts](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/07d1d85f6387e4bdb107096f0131c7054f078bb9) ([#13700](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13700)) by [chauhantirth](https://github.com/chauhantirth)
+    - [Improve error handling](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7e0af2b1f0c3edb688603b022f3a9ca0bfdf75e9) ([#13727](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13727)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly) (With fixes in [ef103b2](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ef103b2d115bd0e880f9cfd2f7dd705f48e4b40d))
+- **joqrag**: [Remove extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/6d39c420f7774562a106d90253e2ed5b75036321) ([#13152](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13152)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
+- **limelight**: [Remove extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5d693446e882931618c40c99bb593f0b87b30eb9) ([#13267](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13267)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
+- **lrtradio**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b4b4486effdcb96bb6b8148171a49ff579b69a4a) ([#13717](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13717)) by [Pawka](https://github.com/Pawka)
+- **mir24.tv**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7b4c96e0898db048259ef5fdf12ed14e3605dce3) ([#13651](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13651)) by [swayll](https://github.com/swayll)
+- **mixlr**: [Add extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/0f33950c778331bf4803c76e8b0ba1862df93431) ([#13561](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13561)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev), [ShockedPlot7560](https://github.com/ShockedPlot7560)
+- **mlbtv**: [Make formats downloadable with ffmpeg](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/87e3dc8c7f78929d2ef4f4a44e6a567e04cd8226) ([#13761](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13761)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **newspicks**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/2aaf1aa71d174700859c9ec1a81109b78e34961c) ([#13612](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13612)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
+- **nhkradiru**: [Fix metadata extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7c49a937887756efcfa162abdcf17e48c244cb0c) ([#12708](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12708)) by [garret1317](https://github.com/garret1317)
+- **noovo**: [Remove extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/d57a0b5aa78d59324b037d37492fe86aa4fbf58a) ([#13429](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13429)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
+- **patreon**: campaign: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/d88b304d44c599d81acfa4231502270c8b9fe2f8) ([#13712](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13712)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **playerfm**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/1a8474c3ca6dbe51bb153b2b8eef7b9a61fa7dc3) ([#13016](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13016)) by [R0hanW](https://github.com/R0hanW)
+- **rai**: [Fix formats extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/c8329fc572903eeed7edad1642773b2268b71a62) ([#13572](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13572)) by [moonshinerd](https://github.com/moonshinerd), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+- **raisudtirol**: [Support alternative domain](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/85c3fa1925a9057ef4ae8af682686d5b3eb8e568) ([#13718](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13718)) by [barsnick](https://github.com/barsnick)
+- **skeb**: [Rework extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/060c6a4501a0b8a92f1b9c12788f556d902c83c6) ([#13593](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13593)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
+- **soundcloud**: [Always extract original format extension](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/c1ac543c8166ff031d62e340b3244ca8556e3fb9) ([#13746](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13746)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **sproutvideo**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/0b41746964e1d0470ac286ce09408940a3a51147) ([#13610](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13610)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **thehighwire**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/3a84be9d1660ef798ea28f929a20391bef6afda4) ([#13505](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13505)) by [swayll](https://github.com/swayll)
+- **twitch**: [Improve error handling](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/422cc8cb2ff2bd3b4c2bc64e23507b7e6f522c35) ([#13618](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13618)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **unitednationswebtv**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/630f3389c33f0f7f6ec97e8917d20aeb4e4078da) ([#13538](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13538)) by [averageFOSSenjoyer](https://github.com/averageFOSSenjoyer)
+- **vimeo**
+    - [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a5d697f62d8be78ffd472acb2f52c8bc32833003) ([#13692](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13692)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - [Handle age-restricted videos](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a6db1d297ab40cc346de24aacbeab93112b2f4e1) ([#13719](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13719)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **youtube**
+    - [Do not require PO Token for premium accounts](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5b57b72c1a7c6bd249ffcebdf5630761ec664c10) ([#13640](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13640)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+    - [Ensure context params are consistent for web clients](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/6e5bee418bc108565108153fd745c8e7a59f16dd) ([#13701](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13701)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+    - [Extract global nsig helper functions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/fca94ac5d63ed6578b5cd9c8129d97a8a713c39a) ([#13639](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13639)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+    - [Fix subtitles extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/0e68332bcb9fba87c42805b7a051eeb2bed36206) ([#13659](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13659)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - [Log bad playability statuses of player responses](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/aa9f1f4d577e99897ac16cd19d4e217d688ea75d) ([#13647](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13647)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+    - [Use impersonation for downloading subtitles](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/8820101aa3152e5f4811541c645f8b5de231ba8c) ([#13786](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13786)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - tab: [Fix subscriptions feed extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/c23d837b6524d1e7a4595948871ba1708cba4dfa) ([#13665](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13665)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+
+#### Downloader changes
+- **hls**: [Do not fall back to ffmpeg when native is required](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a7113722ec33f30fc898caee9242af2b82188a53) ([#13655](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13655)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+
+#### Networking changes
+- **Request Handler**
+    - requests
+        - [Refactor default headers](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a4561c7a66c39d88efe7ae51e7fa1986faf093fb) ([#13785](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13785)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+        - [Work around partial read dropping data](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/c2ff2dbaec7929015373fe002e9bd4849931a4ce) ([#13599](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13599)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K) (With fixes in [c316416](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/c316416b972d1b05e58fbcc21e80428b900ce102))
+
+#### Misc. changes
+- **cleanup**
+    - [Bump ruff to 0.12.x](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ca5cce5b07d51efe7310b449cdefeca8d873e9df) ([#13596](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13596)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+    - Miscellaneous: [9951fdd](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9951fdd0d08b655cb1af8cd7f32a3fb7e2b1324e) by [adamralph](https://github.com/adamralph), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080), [hseg](https://github.com/hseg), [InvalidUsernameException](https://github.com/InvalidUsernameException), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+- **devscripts**: [Fix filename/directory Bash completions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/99093e96fd6a26dea9d6e4bd1e4b16283b6ad1ee) ([#13620](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13620)) by [barsnick](https://github.com/barsnick)
+- **test**: download: [Support `playlist_maxcount`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/fd36b8f31bafbd8096bdb92a446a0c9c6081209c) ([#13433](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13433)) by [InvalidUsernameException](https://github.com/InvalidUsernameException)
+
 ### 2025.06.30
 
 #### Core changes
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 925ebd8c5..e5bd21b9c 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ # USAGE AND OPTIONS
 <!-- MANPAGE: BEGIN EXCLUDED SECTION -->
     yt-dlp [OPTIONS] [--] URL [URL...]
 
-`Ctrl+F` is your friend :D
+Tip: Use `CTRL`+`F` (or `Command`+`F`)  to search by keywords
 <!-- MANPAGE: END EXCLUDED SECTION -->
 
 <!-- Auto generated -->
@@ -639,9 +639,9 @@ ## Filesystem Options:
     --no-part                       Do not use .part files - write directly into
                                     output file
     --mtime                         Use the Last-modified header to set the file
-                                    modification time (default)
+                                    modification time
     --no-mtime                      Do not use the Last-modified header to set
-                                    the file modification time
+                                    the file modification time (default)
     --write-description             Write video description to a .description file
     --no-write-description          Do not write video description (default)
     --write-info-json               Write video metadata to a .info.json file
@@ -1902,8 +1902,8 @@ #### tver
 * `backend`: Backend API to use for extraction - one of `streaks` (default) or `brightcove` (deprecated)
 
 #### vimeo
-* `client`: Client to extract video data from. One of `android` (default), `ios` or `web`. The `ios` client only works with previously cached OAuth tokens. The `web` client only works when authenticated with credentials or account cookies
-* `original_format_policy`: Policy for when to try extracting original formats. One of `always`, `never`, or `auto`. The default `auto` policy tries to avoid exceeding the API rate-limit by only making an extra request when Vimeo publicizes the video's downloadability
+* `client`: Client to extract video data from. The currently available clients are `android`, `ios`, and `web`. Only one client can be used. The `web` client is used by default. The `web` client only works with account cookies or login credentials. The `android` and `ios` clients only work with previously cached OAuth tokens
+* `original_format_policy`: Policy for when to try extracting original formats. One of `always`, `never`, or `auto`. The default `auto` policy tries to avoid exceeding the web client's API rate-limit by only making an extra request when Vimeo publicizes the video's downloadability
 
 **Note**: These options may be changed/removed in the future without concern for backward compatibility
 
diff --git a/devscripts/changelog_override.json b/devscripts/changelog_override.json
index d7296bf30..c22ea94bf 100644
--- a/devscripts/changelog_override.json
+++ b/devscripts/changelog_override.json
@@ -262,5 +262,15 @@
     {
         "action": "remove",
         "when": "500761e41acb96953a5064e951d41d190c287e46"
+    },
+    {
+        "action": "add",
+        "when": "f3008bc5f89d2691f2f8dfc51b406ef4e25281c3",
+        "short": "[priority] **Default behaviour changed from `--mtime` to `--no-mtime`**\nyt-dlp no longer applies the server modified time to downloaded files by default. [Read more](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12780)"
+    },
+    {
+        "action": "add",
+        "when": "959ac99e98c3215437e573c22d64be42d361e863",
+        "short": "[priority] Security: [[CVE-2025-54072](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54072)] [Fix `--exec` placeholder expansion on Windows](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/security/advisories/GHSA-45hg-7f49-5h56)\n    - When `--exec` is used on Windows, the filepath expanded from `{}` (or the default placeholder) is now properly escaped"
     }
 ]
diff --git a/supportedsites.md b/supportedsites.md
index 8e48135d2..3e0bef4bc 100644
--- a/supportedsites.md
+++ b/supportedsites.md
@@ -133,7 +133,6 @@ # Supported sites
  - **BaiduVideo**: 百度视频
  - **BanBye**
  - **BanByeChannel**
- - **bandaichannel**
  - **Bandcamp**
  - **Bandcamp:album**
  - **Bandcamp:user**
@@ -157,7 +156,6 @@ # Supported sites
  - **Beeg**
  - **BehindKink**: (**Currently broken**)
  - **Bellator**
- - **BellMedia**
  - **BerufeTV**
  - **Bet**: (**Currently broken**)
  - **bfi:player**: (**Currently broken**)
@@ -197,6 +195,7 @@ # Supported sites
  - **BitChute**
  - **BitChuteChannel**
  - **BlackboardCollaborate**
+ - **BlackboardCollaborateLaunch**
  - **BleacherReport**: (**Currently broken**)
  - **BleacherReportCMS**: (**Currently broken**)
  - **blerp**
@@ -225,6 +224,7 @@ # Supported sites
  - **Brilliantpala:Elearn**: [*brilliantpala*](## "netrc machine") VoD on elearn.brilliantpala.org
  - **bt:article**: Bergens Tidende Articles
  - **bt:vestlendingen**: Bergens Tidende - Vestlendingen
+ - **BTVPlus**
  - **Bundesliga**
  - **Bundestag**
  - **BunnyCdn**
@@ -317,7 +317,6 @@ # Supported sites
  - **CSpan**: C-SPAN
  - **CSpanCongress**
  - **CtsNews**: 華視新聞
- - **CTV**
  - **CTVNews**
  - **cu.ntv.co.jp**: 日テレ無料TADA!
  - **CultureUnplugged**
@@ -652,7 +651,6 @@ # Supported sites
  - **jiosaavn:​show:playlist**
  - **jiosaavn:song**
  - **Joj**
- - **JoqrAg**: 超!A&G+ 文化放送 (f.k.a. AGQR) Nippon Cultural Broadcasting, Inc. (JOQR)
  - **Jove**
  - **JStream**
  - **JTBC**: jtbc.co.kr
@@ -723,9 +721,6 @@ # Supported sites
  - **life:embed**
  - **likee**
  - **likee:user**
- - **limelight**
- - **limelight:channel**
- - **limelight:channel_list**
  - **LinkedIn**: [*linkedin*](## "netrc machine")
  - **linkedin:events**: [*linkedin*](## "netrc machine")
  - **linkedin:learning**: [*linkedin*](## "netrc machine")
@@ -807,6 +802,7 @@ # Supported sites
  - **minds:channel**
  - **minds:group**
  - **Minoto**
+ - **mir24.tv**
  - **mirrativ**
  - **mirrativ:user**
  - **MirrorCoUK**
@@ -817,6 +813,8 @@ # Supported sites
  - **mixcloud**
  - **mixcloud:playlist**
  - **mixcloud:user**
+ - **Mixlr**
+ - **MixlrRecoring**
  - **MLB**
  - **MLBArticle**
  - **MLBTV**: [*mlb*](## "netrc machine")
@@ -973,7 +971,6 @@ # Supported sites
  - **NoicePodcast**
  - **NonkTube**
  - **NoodleMagazine**
- - **Noovo**
  - **NOSNLArticle**
  - **Nova**: TN.cz, Prásk.tv, Nova.cz, Novaplus.cz, FANDA.tv, Krásná.cz and Doma.cz
  - **NovaEmbed**
@@ -1097,6 +1094,7 @@ # Supported sites
  - **Platzi**: [*platzi*](## "netrc machine")
  - **PlatziCourse**: [*platzi*](## "netrc machine")
  - **player.sky.it**
+ - **PlayerFm**
  - **playeur**
  - **PlayPlusTV**: [*playplustv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **PlaySuisse**: [*playsuisse*](## "netrc machine")
@@ -1472,11 +1470,12 @@ # Supported sites
  - **Tempo**
  - **TennisTV**: [*tennistv*](## "netrc machine")
  - **TF1**
- - **TFO**
+ - **TFO**: (**Currently broken**)
  - **theatercomplextown:ppv**: [*theatercomplextown*](## "netrc machine")
  - **theatercomplextown:vod**: [*theatercomplextown*](## "netrc machine")
  - **TheGuardianPodcast**
  - **TheGuardianPodcastPlaylist**
+ - **TheHighWire**
  - **TheHoleTv**
  - **TheIntercept**
  - **ThePlatform**
@@ -1544,8 +1543,8 @@ # Supported sites
  - **tv2playseries.hu**
  - **TV4**: tv4.se and tv4play.se
  - **TV5MONDE**
- - **tv5unis**
- - **tv5unis:video**
+ - **tv5unis**: (**Currently broken**)
+ - **tv5unis:video**: (**Currently broken**)
  - **tv8.it**
  - **tv8.it:live**: TV8 Live
  - **tv8.it:playlist**: TV8 Playlist
@@ -1600,6 +1599,7 @@ # Supported sites
  - **UlizaPortal**: ulizaportal.jp
  - **umg:de**: Universal Music Deutschland
  - **Unistra**
+ - **UnitedNationsWebTv**
  - **Unity**: (**Currently broken**)
  - **uol.com.br**
  - **uplynk**
diff --git a/test/test_compat.py b/test/test_compat.py
index b1cc2a818..3aa9c0c51 100644
--- a/test/test_compat.py
+++ b/test/test_compat.py
@@ -21,9 +21,6 @@ def test_compat_passthrough(self):
         with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
             _ = compat.compat_basestring
 
-        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
-            _ = compat.WINDOWS_VT_MODE
-
         self.assertEqual(urllib.request.getproxies, getproxies)
 
         with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
diff --git a/test/test_download.py b/test/test_download.py
index c7842735c..1714cb52e 100755
--- a/test/test_download.py
+++ b/test/test_download.py
@@ -66,10 +66,6 @@ def _file_md5(fn):
 
 @is_download_test
 class TestDownload(unittest.TestCase):
-    # Parallel testing in nosetests. See
-    # http://nose.readthedocs.org/en/latest/doc_tests/test_multiprocess/multiprocess.html
-    _multiprocess_shared_ = True
-
     maxDiff = None
 
     COMPLETED_TESTS = {}
diff --git a/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py b/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
index 9c9ee64a8..a9f347bf4 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 from .globals import (
     IN_CLI,
     LAZY_EXTRACTORS,
+    WINDOWS_VT_MODE,
     plugin_ies,
     plugin_ies_overrides,
     plugin_pps,
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@
     SSLError,
     network_exceptions,
 )
-from .networking.impersonate import ImpersonateRequestHandler
+from .networking.impersonate import ImpersonateRequestHandler, ImpersonateTarget
 from .plugins import directories as plugin_directories, load_all_plugins
 from .postprocessor import (
     EmbedThumbnailPP,
@@ -529,6 +530,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                        discontinuities such as ad breaks (default: False)
     extractor_args:    A dictionary of arguments to be passed to the extractors.
                        See "EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS" for details.
+                       Argument values must always be a list of string(s).
                        E.g. {'youtube': {'skip': ['dash', 'hls']}}
     mark_watched:      Mark videos watched (even with --simulate). Only for YouTube
 
@@ -3231,6 +3233,7 @@ def dl(self, name, info, subtitle=False, test=False):
             }
         else:
             params = self.params
+
         fd = get_suitable_downloader(info, params, to_stdout=(name == '-'))(self, params)
         if not test:
             for ph in self._progress_hooks:
@@ -3706,6 +3709,8 @@ def filter_fn(obj):
                 return {k: filter_fn(v) for k, v in obj.items() if not reject(k, v)}
             elif isinstance(obj, (list, tuple, set, LazyList)):
                 return list(map(filter_fn, obj))
+            elif isinstance(obj, ImpersonateTarget):
+                return str(obj)
             elif obj is None or isinstance(obj, (str, int, float, bool)):
                 return obj
             else:
@@ -4036,8 +4041,7 @@ def get_encoding(stream):
             if os.environ.get('TERM', '').lower() == 'dumb':
                 additional_info.append('dumb')
             if not supports_terminal_sequences(stream):
-                from .utils import WINDOWS_VT_MODE  # Must be imported locally
-                additional_info.append('No VT' if WINDOWS_VT_MODE is False else 'No ANSI')
+                additional_info.append('No VT' if WINDOWS_VT_MODE.value is False else 'No ANSI')
             if additional_info:
                 ret = f'{ret} ({",".join(additional_info)})'
             return ret
@@ -4183,6 +4187,31 @@ def _impersonate_target_available(self, target):
             for rh in self._request_director.handlers.values()
             if isinstance(rh, ImpersonateRequestHandler))
 
+    def _parse_impersonate_targets(self, impersonate):
+        if impersonate in (True, ''):
+            impersonate = ImpersonateTarget()
+
+        requested_targets = [
+            t if isinstance(t, ImpersonateTarget) else ImpersonateTarget.from_str(t)
+            for t in variadic(impersonate)
+        ] if impersonate else []
+
+        available_target = next(filter(self._impersonate_target_available, requested_targets), None)
+
+        return available_target, requested_targets
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _unavailable_targets_message(requested_targets, note=None, is_error=False):
+        note = note or 'The extractor specified to use impersonation for this download'
+        specific_targets = ', '.join(filter(None, map(str, requested_targets)))
+        message = (
+            'no impersonate target is available' if not specific_targets
+            else f'none of these impersonate targets are available: {specific_targets}')
+        return (
+            f'{note}, but {message}. {"See" if is_error else "If you encounter errors, then see"}'
+            f'  https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#impersonation  '
+            f'for information on installing the required dependencies')
+
     def urlopen(self, req):
         """ Start an HTTP download """
         if isinstance(req, str):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/compat/_legacy.py b/yt_dlp/compat/_legacy.py
index dae2c1459..2f3e35d4a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/compat/_legacy.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/compat/_legacy.py
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 from ..dependencies.Cryptodome import AES as compat_pycrypto_AES  # noqa: F401
 from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError as compat_HTTPError
 
-passthrough_module(__name__, '...utils', ('WINDOWS_VT_MODE', 'windows_enable_vt_mode'))
+passthrough_module(__name__, '...utils', ('windows_enable_vt_mode',))
 
 
 # compat_ctypes_WINFUNCTYPE = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/__init__.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/__init__.py
index 9c34bd289..17458b9b9 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/__init__.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/__init__.py
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ def _get_suitable_downloader(info_dict, protocol, params, default):
     if external_downloader is None:
         if info_dict['to_stdout'] and FFmpegFD.can_merge_formats(info_dict, params):
             return FFmpegFD
-    elif external_downloader.lower() != 'native':
+    elif external_downloader.lower() != 'native' and info_dict.get('impersonate') is None:
         ed = get_external_downloader(external_downloader)
         if ed.can_download(info_dict, external_downloader):
             return ed
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/common.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/common.py
index bb9303f8a..7bc70a51a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/common.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/common.py
@@ -495,3 +495,14 @@ def _debug_cmd(self, args, exe=None):
             exe = os.path.basename(args[0])
 
         self.write_debug(f'{exe} command line: {shell_quote(args)}')
+
+    def _get_impersonate_target(self, info_dict):
+        impersonate = info_dict.get('impersonate')
+        if impersonate is None:
+            return None
+        available_target, requested_targets = self.ydl._parse_impersonate_targets(impersonate)
+        if available_target:
+            return available_target
+        elif requested_targets:
+            self.report_warning(self.ydl._unavailable_targets_message(requested_targets))
+        return None
diff --git a/yt_dlp/downloader/http.py b/yt_dlp/downloader/http.py
index 90bfcaf55..c388deb7e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/http.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/http.py
@@ -27,6 +27,10 @@ class HttpFD(FileDownloader):
     def real_download(self, filename, info_dict):
         url = info_dict['url']
         request_data = info_dict.get('request_data', None)
+        request_extensions = {}
+        impersonate_target = self._get_impersonate_target(info_dict)
+        if impersonate_target is not None:
+            request_extensions['impersonate'] = impersonate_target
 
         class DownloadContext(dict):
             __getattr__ = dict.get
@@ -109,7 +113,7 @@ def establish_connection():
             if try_call(lambda: range_end >= ctx.content_len):
                 range_end = ctx.content_len - 1
 
-            request = Request(url, request_data, headers)
+            request = Request(url, request_data, headers, extensions=request_extensions)
             has_range = range_start is not None
             if has_range:
                 request.headers['Range'] = f'bytes={int(range_start)}-{int_or_none(range_end) or ""}'
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/adobepass.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/adobepass.py
index 8c2d9d934..eb45734ec 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/adobepass.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/adobepass.py
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@
         'username_field': 'user',
         'password_field': 'passwd',
         'login_hostname': 'login.xfinity.com',
-        'needs_newer_ua': True,
     },
     'TWC': {
         'name': 'Time Warner Cable | Spectrum',
@@ -1379,11 +1378,8 @@ def _download_webpage_handle(self, *args, **kwargs):
 
     @staticmethod
     def _get_mso_headers(mso_info):
-        # yt-dlp's default user-agent is usually too old for some MSO's like Comcast_SSO
-        # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/10848
-        return {
-            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; rv:131.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/131.0',
-        } if mso_info.get('needs_newer_ua') else {}
+        # Not needed currently
+        return {}
 
     @staticmethod
     def _get_mvpd_resource(provider_id, title, guid, rating):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bandcamp.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bandcamp.py
index f2c5f3de0..4edf6484a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bandcamp.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bandcamp.py
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 from ..utils import (
     KNOWN_EXTENSIONS,
     ExtractorError,
+    clean_html,
     extract_attributes,
     float_or_none,
     int_or_none,
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@
     url_or_none,
     urljoin,
 )
-from ..utils.traversal import find_element, traverse_obj
+from ..utils.traversal import find_element, find_elements, traverse_obj
 
 
 class BandcampIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -67,6 +68,9 @@ class BandcampIE(InfoExtractor):
             'album': 'FTL: Advanced Edition Soundtrack',
             'uploader_url': 'https://benprunty.bandcamp.com',
             'uploader_id': 'benprunty',
+            'tags': ['soundtrack', 'chiptunes', 'cinematic', 'electronic', 'video game music', 'California'],
+            'artists': ['Ben Prunty'],
+            'album_artists': ['Ben Prunty'],
         },
     }, {
         # no free download, mp3 128
@@ -91,6 +95,9 @@ class BandcampIE(InfoExtractor):
             'album': 'Call of the Mastodon',
             'uploader_url': 'https://relapsealumni.bandcamp.com',
             'uploader_id': 'relapsealumni',
+            'tags': ['Philadelphia'],
+            'artists': ['Mastodon'],
+            'album_artists': ['Mastodon'],
         },
     }, {
         # track from compilation album (artist/album_artist difference)
@@ -115,6 +122,9 @@ class BandcampIE(InfoExtractor):
             'album': 'DSK F/W 2016-2017 Free Compilation',
             'uploader_url': 'https://diskotopia.bandcamp.com',
             'uploader_id': 'diskotopia',
+            'tags': ['Japan'],
+            'artists': ['submerse'],
+            'album_artists': ['Diskotopia'],
         },
     }]
     _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
@@ -274,6 +284,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             'album': embed.get('album_title'),
             'album_artist': album_artist,
             'formats': formats,
+            'tags': traverse_obj(webpage, ({find_elements(cls='tag')}, ..., {clean_html})),
         }
 
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py
index 0c6535fc7..d00ac6317 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ class BiliBiliIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
             'id': 'BV1bK411W797',
             'title': '物语中的人物是如何吐槽自己的OP的',
         },
-        'playlist_count': 18,
+        'playlist_count': 23,
         'playlist': [{
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': 'BV1bK411W797_p1',
@@ -373,6 +373,7 @@ class BiliBiliIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
                 '_old_archive_ids': ['bilibili 498159642_part1'],
             },
         }],
+        'params': {'playlist_items': '2'},
     }, {
         'note': 'Specific page of Anthology',
         'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1bK411W797?p=1',
@@ -899,13 +900,26 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
                 'Extracting episode', query={'fnval': 12240, 'ep_id': episode_id},
                 headers=headers))
 
-        geo_blocked = traverse_obj(play_info, (
-            ('result', ('raw', 'data')), 'plugins',
-            lambda _, v: v['name'] == 'AreaLimitPanel',
-            'config', 'is_block', {bool}, any))
-        premium_only = play_info.get('code') == -10403
+        # play_info can be structured in at least three different ways, e.g.:
+        # 1.) play_info['result']['video_info'] and play_info['code']
+        # 2.) play_info['raw']['data']['video_info'] and play_info['code']
+        # 3.) play_info['data']['result']['video_info'] and play_info['data']['code']
+        # So we need to transform any of the above into a common structure
+        status_code = play_info.get('code')
+        if 'raw' in play_info:
+            play_info = play_info['raw']
+        if 'data' in play_info:
+            play_info = play_info['data']
+        if status_code is None:
+            status_code = play_info.get('code')
+        if 'result' in play_info:
+            play_info = play_info['result']
 
-        video_info = traverse_obj(play_info, (('result', ('raw', 'data')), 'video_info', {dict}, any)) or {}
+        geo_blocked = traverse_obj(play_info, (
+            'plugins', lambda _, v: v['name'] == 'AreaLimitPanel', 'config', 'is_block', {bool}, any))
+        premium_only = status_code == -10403
+
+        video_info = traverse_obj(play_info, ('video_info', {dict})) or {}
         formats = self.extract_formats(video_info)
 
         if not formats:
@@ -915,8 +929,8 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
                 self.raise_login_required('This video is for premium members only')
 
         if traverse_obj(play_info, ((
-            ('result', 'play_check', 'play_detail'),  # 'PLAY_PREVIEW' vs 'PLAY_WHOLE'
-            (('result', ('raw', 'data')), 'play_video_type'),  # 'preview' vs 'whole' vs 'none'
+            ('play_check', 'play_detail'),  # 'PLAY_PREVIEW' vs 'PLAY_WHOLE' vs 'PLAY_NONE'
+            'play_video_type',              # 'preview' vs 'whole' vs 'none'
         ), any, {lambda x: x in ('PLAY_PREVIEW', 'preview')})):
             self.report_warning(
                 'Only preview format is available, '
@@ -1002,6 +1016,7 @@ class BiliBiliBangumiMediaIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
                 'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
             },
         }],
+        'params': {'playlist_items': '2'},
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -1057,6 +1072,7 @@ class BiliBiliBangumiSeasonIE(BilibiliBaseIE):
                 'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$',
             },
         }],
+        'params': {'playlist_items': '2'},
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -1847,7 +1863,7 @@ class BilibiliAudioIE(BilibiliAudioBaseIE):
             'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg',
             'timestamp': 1564836614,
             'upload_date': '20190803',
-            'uploader': 'tsukimi-つきみぐー',
+            'uploader': '十六夜tsukimiつきみぐ',
             'view_count': int,
         },
     }
@@ -1902,10 +1918,10 @@ class BilibiliAudioAlbumIE(BilibiliAudioBaseIE):
         'url': 'https://www.bilibili.com/audio/am10624',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '10624',
-            'title': '每日新曲推荐（每日11:00更新）',
+            'title': '新曲推荐',
             'description': '每天11:00更新，为你推送最新音乐',
         },
-        'playlist_count': 19,
+        'playlist_count': 16,
     }
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
index d601e1751..4a4b5416d 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@
     TransportError,
     network_exceptions,
 )
-from ..networking.impersonate import ImpersonateTarget
 from ..utils import (
     IDENTITY,
     JSON_LD_RE,
@@ -259,6 +258,11 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                                  * key  The key (as hex) used to decrypt fragments.
                                         If `key` is given, any key URI will be ignored
                                  * iv   The IV (as hex) used to decrypt fragments
+                    * impersonate  Impersonate target(s). Can be any of the following entities:
+                                * an instance of yt_dlp.networking.impersonate.ImpersonateTarget
+                                * a string in the format of CLIENT[:OS]
+                                * a list or a tuple of CLIENT[:OS] strings or ImpersonateTarget instances
+                                * a boolean value; True means any impersonate target is sufficient
                     * downloader_options  A dictionary of downloader options
                                  (For internal use only)
                                  * http_chunk_size Chunk size for HTTP downloads
@@ -336,6 +340,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                         * "name": Name or description of the subtitles
                         * "http_headers": A dictionary of additional HTTP headers
                                   to add to the request.
+                        * "impersonate": Impersonate target(s); same as the "formats" field
                     "ext" will be calculated from URL if missing
     automatic_captions: Like 'subtitles'; contains automatically generated
                     captions instead of normal subtitles
@@ -392,6 +397,8 @@ class InfoExtractor:
     chapters:       A list of dictionaries, with the following entries:
                         * "start_time" - The start time of the chapter in seconds
                         * "end_time" - The end time of the chapter in seconds
+                                       (optional: core code can determine this value from
+                                       the next chapter's start_time or the video's duration)
                         * "title" (optional, string)
     heatmap:        A list of dictionaries, with the following entries:
                         * "start_time" - The start time of the data point in seconds
@@ -406,7 +413,8 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                     'unlisted' or 'public'. Use 'InfoExtractor._availability'
                     to set it
     media_type:     The type of media as classified by the site, e.g. "episode", "clip", "trailer"
-    _old_archive_ids: A list of old archive ids needed for backward compatibility
+    _old_archive_ids: A list of old archive ids needed for backward
+                   compatibility. Use yt_dlp.utils.make_archive_id to generate ids
     _format_sort_fields: A list of fields to use for sorting formats
     __post_extractor: A function to be called just before the metadata is
                     written to either disk, logger or console. The function
@@ -884,26 +892,17 @@ def _request_webpage(self, url_or_request, video_id, note=None, errnote=None, fa
 
         extensions = {}
 
-        if impersonate in (True, ''):
-            impersonate = ImpersonateTarget()
-        requested_targets = [
-            t if isinstance(t, ImpersonateTarget) else ImpersonateTarget.from_str(t)
-            for t in variadic(impersonate)
-        ] if impersonate else []
-
-        available_target = next(filter(self._downloader._impersonate_target_available, requested_targets), None)
+        available_target, requested_targets = self._downloader._parse_impersonate_targets(impersonate)
         if available_target:
             extensions['impersonate'] = available_target
         elif requested_targets:
-            message = 'The extractor is attempting impersonation, but '
-            message += (
-                'no impersonate target is available' if not str(impersonate)
-                else f'none of these impersonate targets are available: "{", ".join(map(str, requested_targets))}"')
-            info_msg = ('see  https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#impersonation  '
-                        'for information on installing the required dependencies')
+            msg = 'The extractor is attempting impersonation'
             if require_impersonation:
-                raise ExtractorError(f'{message}; {info_msg}', expected=True)
-            self.report_warning(f'{message}; if you encounter errors, then {info_msg}', only_once=True)
+                raise ExtractorError(
+                    self._downloader._unavailable_targets_message(requested_targets, note=msg, is_error=True),
+                    expected=True)
+            self.report_warning(
+                self._downloader._unavailable_targets_message(requested_targets, note=msg), only_once=True)
 
         try:
             return self._downloader.urlopen(self._create_request(url_or_request, data, headers, query, extensions))
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/francaisfacile.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/francaisfacile.py
index d3208c282..c432cf486 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/francaisfacile.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/francaisfacile.py
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 import urllib.parse
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
-    ExtractorError,
     float_or_none,
     url_or_none,
 )
@@ -58,16 +56,7 @@ class FrancaisFacileIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         display_id = urllib.parse.unquote(self._match_id(url))
-
-        try:  # yt-dlp's default user-agents are too old and blocked by the site
-            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id, headers={
-                'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; rv:136.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/136.0',
-            })
-        except ExtractorError as e:
-            if not isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) or e.cause.status != 403:
-                raise
-            # Retry with impersonation if hardcoded UA is insufficient
-            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id, impersonate=True)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
 
         data = self._search_json(
             r'<script[^>]+\bdata-media-id=[^>]+\btype="application/json"[^>]*>',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/hotstar.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/hotstar.py
index b280fb53a..2ae527a59 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/hotstar.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hotstar.py
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ class HotStarBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     }
 
     def _has_active_subscription(self, cookies, server_time):
+        server_time = int_or_none(server_time) or int(time.time())
         expiry = traverse_obj(cookies, (
             self._TOKEN_NAME, 'value', {jwt_decode_hs256}, 'sub', {json.loads},
             'subscriptions', 'in', ..., 'expiry', {parse_iso8601}, all, {max})) or 0
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mirrativ.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mirrativ.py
index 4e24371a2..36a736a21 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mirrativ.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mirrativ.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ class MirrativIE(MirrativBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'mirrativ'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?mirrativ\.com/live/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
 
-    TESTS = [{
+    _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://mirrativ.com/live/UQomuS7EMgHoxRHjEhNiHw',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UQomuS7EMgHoxRHjEhNiHw',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mitele.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mitele.py
index 0dded38c6..76fef337a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mitele.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mitele.py
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ class MiTeleIE(TelecincoBaseIE):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         display_id = self._match_id(url)
-        webpage = self._download_akamai_webpage(url, display_id)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
         pre_player = self._search_json(
             r'window\.\$REACTBASE_STATE\.prePlayer_mtweb\s*=',
             webpage, 'Pre Player', display_id)['prePlayer']
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/mlb.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/mlb.py
index 0543e022b..3de0271bf 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mlb.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mlb.py
@@ -452,12 +452,9 @@ def _extract_formats_and_subtitles(self, broadcast, video_id):
                 self.report_warning(f'No formats available for {format_id} broadcast; skipping')
             return [], {}
 
-        cdn_headers = {'x-cdn-token': token}
         fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
-            m3u8_url.replace(f'/{token}/', '/'), video_id, 'mp4',
-            m3u8_id=format_id, fatal=False, headers=cdn_headers)
+            m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id=format_id, fatal=False)
         for fmt in fmts:
-            fmt['http_headers'] = cdn_headers
             fmt.setdefault('format_note', join_nonempty(feed, medium, delim=' '))
             fmt.setdefault('language', language)
             if fmt.get('vcodec') == 'none' and fmt['language'] == 'en':
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/newspicks.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/newspicks.py
index 5f19eed98..25be3c720 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/newspicks.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/newspicks.py
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ class NewsPicksIE(InfoExtractor):
             'title': '日本の課題を破壊せよ【ゲスト：成田悠輔】',
             'cast': 'count:4',
             'description': 'md5:09397aad46d6ded6487ff13f138acadf',
-            'duration': 2940,
             'release_date': '20220117',
             'release_timestamp': 1642424400,
             'series': 'HORIE ONE',
@@ -35,7 +34,6 @@ class NewsPicksIE(InfoExtractor):
             'title': '【検証】専門家は、KADOKAWAをどう見るか',
             'cast': 'count:3',
             'description': 'md5:2c2d4bf77484a4333ec995d676f9a91d',
-            'duration': 1320,
             'release_date': '20240622',
             'release_timestamp': 1719088080,
             'series': 'NPレポート',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/patreon.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/patreon.py
index 2c1436cac..9038b4a7f 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/patreon.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/patreon.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     url_or_none,
     urljoin,
 )
-from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj, value
+from ..utils.traversal import require, traverse_obj, value
 
 
 class PatreonBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ class PatreonCampaignIE(PatreonBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
         https?://(?:www\.)?patreon\.com/(?:
             (?:m|api/campaigns)/(?P<campaign_id>\d+)|
-            (?:c/)?(?P<vanity>(?!creation[?/]|posts/|rss[?/])[\w-]+)
+            (?:cw?/)?(?P<vanity>(?!creation[?/]|posts/|rss[?/])[\w-]+)
         )(?:/posts)?/?(?:$|[?#])'''
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.patreon.com/dissonancepod/',
@@ -531,6 +531,28 @@ class PatreonCampaignIE(PatreonBaseIE):
             'age_limit': 0,
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 331,
+        'skip': 'Channel removed',
+    }, {
+        # next.js v13 data, see https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13622
+        'url': 'https://www.patreon.com/c/anythingelse/posts',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '9631148',
+            'title': 'Anything Else?',
+            'description': 'md5:2ee1db4aed2f9460c2b295825a24aa08',
+            'uploader': 'dan ',
+            'uploader_id': '13852412',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.patreon.com/anythingelse',
+            'channel': 'Anything Else?',
+            'channel_id': '9631148',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.patreon.com/anythingelse',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'age_limit': 0,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 151,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.patreon.com/cw/anythingelse',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.patreon.com/c/OgSog/posts',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -572,8 +594,11 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
         campaign_id, vanity = self._match_valid_url(url).group('campaign_id', 'vanity')
         if campaign_id is None:
             webpage = self._download_webpage(url, vanity, headers={'User-Agent': self.patreon_user_agent})
-            campaign_id = self._search_nextjs_data(
-                webpage, vanity)['props']['pageProps']['bootstrapEnvelope']['pageBootstrap']['campaign']['data']['id']
+            campaign_id = traverse_obj(self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, vanity, default=None), (
+                'props', 'pageProps', 'bootstrapEnvelope', 'pageBootstrap', 'campaign', 'data', 'id', {str}))
+            if not campaign_id:
+                campaign_id = traverse_obj(self._search_nextjs_v13_data(webpage, vanity), (
+                    lambda _, v: v['type'] == 'campaign', 'id', {str}, any, {require('campaign ID')}))
 
         params = {
             'json-api-use-default-includes': 'false',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/skeb.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/skeb.py
index bc5ec3da7..70111d094 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/skeb.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/skeb.py
@@ -1,140 +1,118 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import ExtractorError, determine_ext, parse_qs, traverse_obj
+from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    clean_html,
+    int_or_none,
+    str_or_none,
+    url_or_none,
+)
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 
 
 class SkebIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://skeb\.jp/@[^/]+/works/(?P<id>\d+)'
-
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://skeb\.jp/@(?P<uploader_id>[^/?#]+)/works/(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://skeb.jp/@riiru_wm/works/10',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '466853',
-            'title': '内容はおまかせします！ by 姫ノ森りぃる@一周年',
-            'description': 'md5:1ec50901efc3437cfbfe3790468d532d',
-            'uploader': '姫ノ森りぃる@一周年',
-            'uploader_id': 'riiru_wm',
-            'age_limit': 0,
-            'tags': [],
-            'url': r're:https://skeb.+',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https://skeb.+',
-            'subtitles': {
-                'jpn': [{
-                    'url': r're:https://skeb.+',
-                    'ext': 'vtt',
-                }],
-            },
-            'width': 720,
-            'height': 405,
-            'duration': 313,
-            'fps': 30,
             'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '10-1',
+            'description': 'md5:1ec50901efc3437cfbfe3790468d532d',
+            'duration': 313,
+            'genres': ['video'],
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+',
+            'uploader': '姫ノ森りぃる@ひとづま',
+            'uploader_id': 'riiru_wm',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://skeb.jp/@furukawa_nob/works/3',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '489408',
-            'title': 'いつもお世話になってお... by 古川ノブ@音楽とVlo...',
-            'description': 'md5:5adc2e41d06d33b558bf7b1faeb7b9c2',
-            'uploader': '古川ノブ@音楽とVlogのVtuber',
-            'uploader_id': 'furukawa_nob',
-            'age_limit': 0,
-            'tags': [
-                'よろしく', '大丈夫', 'お願い', 'でした',
-                '是非', 'O', 'バー', '遊び', 'おはよう',
-                'オーバ', 'ボイス',
-            ],
-            'url': r're:https://skeb.+',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https://skeb.+',
-            'subtitles': {
-                'jpn': [{
-                    'url': r're:https://skeb.+',
-                    'ext': 'vtt',
-                }],
-            },
-            'duration': 98,
             'ext': 'mp3',
-            'vcodec': 'none',
-            'abr': 128,
+            'title': '3-1',
+            'description': 'md5:6de1f8f876426a6ac321c123848176a8',
+            'duration': 98,
+            'genres': ['voice'],
+            'tags': 'count:11',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+',
+            'uploader': '古川ノブ@宮城の動画勢Vtuber',
+            'uploader_id': 'furukawa_nob',
         },
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://skeb.jp/@mollowmollow/works/6',
+        'url': 'https://skeb.jp/@Rizu_panda_cube/works/626',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '6',
-            'title': 'ヒロ。\n\n私のキャラク... by 諸々',
-            'description': 'md5:aa6cbf2ba320b50bce219632de195f07',
-            '_type': 'playlist',
-            'entries': [{
-                'id': '486430',
-                'title': 'ヒロ。\n\n私のキャラク... by 諸々',
-                'description': 'md5:aa6cbf2ba320b50bce219632de195f07',
-            }, {
-                'id': '486431',
-                'title': 'ヒロ。\n\n私のキャラク... by 諸々',
-            }],
+            'id': '626',
+            'description': 'md5:834557b39ca56960c5f77dd6ddabe775',
+            'uploader': 'りづ100億%',
+            'uploader_id': 'Rizu_panda_cube',
+            'tags': 'count:57',
+            'genres': ['video'],
         },
+        'playlist_count': 2,
+        'expected_warnings': ['Skipping unsupported extension'],
     }]
 
-    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        nuxt_data = self._search_nuxt_data(self._download_webpage(url, video_id), video_id)
+    def _call_api(self, uploader_id, work_id):
+        return self._download_json(
+            f'https://skeb.jp/api/users/{uploader_id}/works/{work_id}', work_id, headers={
+                'Accept': 'application/json',
+                'Authorization': 'Bearer null',
+            })
 
-        parent = {
-            'id': video_id,
-            'title': nuxt_data.get('title'),
-            'description': nuxt_data.get('description'),
-            'uploader': traverse_obj(nuxt_data, ('creator', 'name')),
-            'uploader_id': traverse_obj(nuxt_data, ('creator', 'screen_name')),
-            'age_limit': 18 if nuxt_data.get('nsfw') else 0,
-            'tags': nuxt_data.get('tag_list'),
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        uploader_id, work_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('uploader_id', 'id')
+        try:
+            works = self._call_api(uploader_id, work_id)
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            if not isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) or e.cause.status != 429:
+                raise
+            webpage = e.cause.response.read().decode()
+            value = self._search_regex(
+                r'document\.cookie\s*=\s*["\']request_key=([^;"\']+)', webpage, 'request key')
+            self._set_cookie('skeb.jp', 'request_key', value)
+            works = self._call_api(uploader_id, work_id)
+
+        info = {
+            'uploader_id': uploader_id,
+            **traverse_obj(works, {
+                'age_limit': ('nsfw', {bool}, {lambda x: 18 if x else None}),
+                'description': (('source_body', 'body'), {clean_html}, filter, any),
+                'genres': ('genre', {str}, filter, all, filter),
+                'tags': ('tag_list', ..., {str}, filter, all, filter),
+                'uploader': ('creator', 'name', {str}),
+            }),
         }
 
         entries = []
-        for item in nuxt_data.get('previews') or []:
-            vid_url = item.get('url')
-            given_ext = traverse_obj(item, ('information', 'extension'))
-            preview_ext = determine_ext(vid_url, default_ext=None)
-            if not preview_ext:
-                content_disposition = parse_qs(vid_url)['response-content-disposition'][0]
-                preview_ext = self._search_regex(
-                    r'filename="[^"]+\.([^\.]+?)"', content_disposition,
-                    'preview file extension', fatal=False, group=1)
-            if preview_ext not in ('mp4', 'mp3'):
+        for idx, preview in enumerate(traverse_obj(works, ('previews', lambda _, v: url_or_none(v['url']))), 1):
+            ext = traverse_obj(preview, ('information', 'extension', {str}))
+            if ext not in ('mp3', 'mp4'):
+                self.report_warning(f'Skipping unsupported extension "{ext}"')
                 continue
-            if not vid_url or not item.get('id'):
-                continue
-            width, height = traverse_obj(item, ('information', 'width')), traverse_obj(item, ('information', 'height'))
-            if width is not None and height is not None:
-                # the longest side is at most 720px for non-client viewers
-                max_size = max(width, height)
-                width, height = (x * 720 // max_size for x in (width, height))
+
             entries.append({
-                **parent,
-                'id': str(item['id']),
-                'url': vid_url,
-                'thumbnail': item.get('poster_url'),
+                'ext': ext,
+                'title': f'{work_id}-{idx}',
                 'subtitles': {
-                    'jpn': [{
-                        'url': item.get('vtt_url'),
+                    'ja': [{
                         'ext': 'vtt',
+                        'url': preview['vtt_url'],
                     }],
-                } if item.get('vtt_url') else None,
-                'width': width,
-                'height': height,
-                'duration': traverse_obj(item, ('information', 'duration')),
-                'fps': traverse_obj(item, ('information', 'frame_rate')),
-                'ext': preview_ext or given_ext,
-                'vcodec': 'none' if preview_ext == 'mp3' else None,
-                # you'll always get 128kbps MP3 for non-client viewers
-                'abr': 128 if preview_ext == 'mp3' else None,
+                } if url_or_none(preview.get('vtt_url')) else None,
+                'vcodec': 'none' if ext == 'mp3' else None,
+                **info,
+                **traverse_obj(preview, {
+                    'id': ('id', {str_or_none}),
+                    'thumbnail': ('poster_url', {url_or_none}),
+                    'url': ('url', {url_or_none}),
+                }),
+                **traverse_obj(preview, ('information', {
+                    'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
+                    'fps': ('frame_rate', {int_or_none}),
+                    'height': ('height', {int_or_none}),
+                    'width': ('width', {int_or_none}),
+                })),
             })
 
-        if not entries:
-            raise ExtractorError('No video/audio attachment found in this commission.', expected=True)
-        elif len(entries) == 1:
-            return entries[0]
-        else:
-            parent.update({
-                '_type': 'playlist',
-                'entries': entries,
-            })
-            return parent
+        return self.playlist_result(entries, work_id, **info)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/sproutvideo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/sproutvideo.py
index 494042738..ff9dc7dee 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/sproutvideo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/sproutvideo.py
@@ -99,10 +99,10 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(
-            url, video_id, headers=traverse_obj(smuggled_data, {'Referer': 'referer'}), impersonate=True)
+            url, video_id, headers=traverse_obj(smuggled_data, {'Referer': 'referer'}))
         data = self._search_json(
-            r'(?:var|const|let)\s+(?:dat|playerInfo)\s*=\s*["\']', webpage, 'player info', video_id,
-            contains_pattern=r'[A-Za-z0-9+/=]+', end_pattern=r'["\'];',
+            r'(?:var|const|let)\s+(?:dat|(?:player|video)Info|)\s*=\s*["\']', webpage, 'player info',
+            video_id, contains_pattern=r'[A-Za-z0-9+/=]+', end_pattern=r'["\'];',
             transform_source=lambda x: base64.b64decode(x).decode())
 
         # SproutVideo may send player info for 'SMPTE Color Monitor Test' [a791d7b71b12ecc52e]
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/telecinco.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/telecinco.py
index 2dbe2a776..a34f2afd4 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/telecinco.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/telecinco.py
@@ -63,17 +63,6 @@ def _parse_content(self, content, url):
             'http_headers': headers,
         }
 
-    def _download_akamai_webpage(self, url, display_id):
-        try:  # yt-dlp's default user-agents are too old and blocked by akamai
-            return self._download_webpage(url, display_id, headers={
-                'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; rv:136.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/136.0',
-            })
-        except ExtractorError as e:
-            if not isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) or e.cause.status != 403:
-                raise
-            # Retry with impersonation if hardcoded UA is insufficient to bypass akamai
-            return self._download_webpage(url, display_id, impersonate=True)
-
 
 class TelecincoIE(TelecincoBaseIE):
     IE_DESC = 'telecinco.es, cuatro.com and mediaset.es'
@@ -151,7 +140,7 @@ class TelecincoIE(TelecincoBaseIE):
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         display_id = self._match_id(url)
-        webpage = self._download_akamai_webpage(url, display_id)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
         article = self._search_json(
             r'window\.\$REACTBASE_STATE\.article(?:_multisite)?\s*=',
             webpage, 'article', display_id)['article']
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tenplay.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tenplay.py
index 825da6516..dd4ea5658 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tenplay.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tenplay.py
@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@
 
 class TenPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = '10play'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?10play\.com\.au/(?:[^/?#]+/)+(?P<id>tpv\d{6}[a-z]{5})'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?10(?:play)?\.com\.au/(?:[^/?#]+/)+(?P<id>tpv\d{6}[a-z]{5})'
     _NETRC_MACHINE = '10play'
     _TESTS = [{
         # Geo-restricted to Australia
-        'url': 'https://10play.com.au/australian-survivor/web-extras/season-10-brains-v-brawn-ii/myless-journey/tpv250414jdmtf',
+        'url': 'https://10.com.au/australian-survivor/web-extras/season-10-brains-v-brawn-ii/myless-journey/tpv250414jdmtf',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '7440980000013868',
             'ext': 'mp4',
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class TenPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
         'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }, {
         # Geo-restricted to Australia
-        'url': 'https://10play.com.au/neighbours/episodes/season-42/episode-9107/tpv240902nzqyp',
+        'url': 'https://10.com.au/neighbours/episodes/season-42/episode-9107/tpv240902nzqyp',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '9000000000091177',
             'ext': 'mp4',
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class TenPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
         'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
     }, {
         # Geo-restricted to Australia; upgrading the m3u8 quality fails and we need the fallback
-        'url': 'https://10play.com.au/tiny-chef-show/episodes/season-1/episode-2/tpv240228pofvt',
+        'url': 'https://10.com.au/tiny-chef-show/episodes/season-1/episode-2/tpv240228pofvt',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '9000000000084116',
             'ext': 'mp4',
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ class TenPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
         },
         'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
         'expected_warnings': ['Failed to download m3u8 information: HTTP Error 502'],
+        'skip': 'video unavailable',
     }, {
         'url': 'https://10play.com.au/how-to-stay-married/web-extras/season-1/terrys-talks-ep-1-embracing-change/tpv190915ylupc',
         'only_matching': True,
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ class TenPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         content_id = self._match_id(url)
         data = self._download_json(
-            'https://10play.com.au/api/v1/videos/' + content_id, content_id)
+            'https://10.com.au/api/v1/videos/' + content_id, content_id)
 
         video_data = self._download_json(
             f'https://vod.ten.com.au/api/videos/bcquery?command=find_videos_by_id&video_id={data["altId"]}',
@@ -137,21 +138,24 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
 
 class TenPlaySeasonIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = '10play:season'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?10play\.com\.au/(?P<show>[^/?#]+)/episodes/(?P<season>[^/?#]+)/?(?:$|[?#])'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?10(?:play)?\.com\.au/(?P<show>[^/?#]+)/episodes/(?P<season>[^/?#]+)/?(?:$|[?#])'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://10play.com.au/masterchef/episodes/season-15',
+        'url': 'https://10.com.au/masterchef/episodes/season-15',
         'info_dict': {
             'title': 'Season 15',
             'id': 'MTQ2NjMxOQ==',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 50,
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://10play.com.au/the-bold-and-the-beautiful-fast-tracked/episodes/season-2024',
+        'url': 'https://10.com.au/the-bold-and-the-beautiful-fast-tracked/episodes/season-2024',
         'info_dict': {
             'title': 'Season 2024',
             'id': 'Mjc0OTIw',
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 159,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://10play.com.au/the-bold-and-the-beautiful-fast-tracked/episodes/season-2024',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _entries(self, load_more_url, display_id=None):
@@ -172,7 +176,7 @@ def _entries(self, load_more_url, display_id=None):
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         show, season = self._match_valid_url(url).group('show', 'season')
         season_info = self._download_json(
-            f'https://10play.com.au/api/shows/{show}/episodes/{season}', f'{show}/{season}')
+            f'https://10.com.au/api/shows/{show}/episodes/{season}', f'{show}/{season}')
 
         episodes_carousel = traverse_obj(season_info, (
             'content', 0, 'components', (
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/vimeo.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/vimeo.py
index cdeb1e28b..b22bea520 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/vimeo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/vimeo.py
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class VimeoBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
         'Cannot download embed-only video without embedding URL. Please call yt-dlp '
         'with the URL of the page that embeds this video.')
 
-    _DEFAULT_CLIENT = 'android'
+    _DEFAULT_CLIENT = 'web'
     _DEFAULT_AUTHED_CLIENT = 'web'
     _CLIENT_HEADERS = {
         'Accept': 'application/vnd.vimeo.*+json; version=3.4.10',
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class VimeoBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
     _CLIENT_CONFIGS = {
         'android': {
             'CACHE_KEY': 'oauth-token-android',
-            'CACHE_ONLY': False,
+            'CACHE_ONLY': True,
             'VIEWER_JWT': False,
             'REQUIRES_AUTH': False,
             'AUTH': 'NzRmYTg5YjgxMWExY2JiNzUwZDg1MjhkMTYzZjQ4YWYyOGEyZGJlMTp4OGx2NFd3QnNvY1lkamI2UVZsdjdDYlNwSDUrdm50YzdNNThvWDcwN1JrenJGZC9tR1lReUNlRjRSVklZeWhYZVpRS0tBcU9YYzRoTGY2Z1dlVkJFYkdJc0dMRHpoZWFZbU0reDRqZ1dkZ1diZmdIdGUrNUM5RVBySlM0VG1qcw==',
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ class VimeoBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
             ),
         },
         'web': {
+            'CACHE_ONLY': False,
             'VIEWER_JWT': True,
             'REQUIRES_AUTH': True,
             'USER_AGENT': None,
@@ -142,7 +143,6 @@ def _perform_login(self, username, password):
             'service': 'vimeo',
             'token': viewer['xsrft'],
         }
-        self._set_vimeo_cookie('vuid', viewer['vuid'])
         try:
             self._download_webpage(
                 self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Logging in',
@@ -151,16 +151,40 @@ def _perform_login(self, username, password):
                     'Referer': self._LOGIN_URL,
                 })
         except ExtractorError as e:
-            if isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 418:
+            if isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status in (405, 418):
                 raise ExtractorError(
                     'Unable to log in: bad username or password',
                     expected=True)
             raise ExtractorError('Unable to log in')
 
+        # Clear unauthenticated viewer info
+        self._viewer_info = None
+
     def _real_initialize(self):
-        if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and not self._is_logged_in:
+        if self._is_logged_in:
+            return
+
+        if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED:
             self.raise_login_required()
 
+        if self._DEFAULT_CLIENT != 'web':
+            return
+
+        for client_name, client_config in self._CLIENT_CONFIGS.items():
+            if not client_config['CACHE_ONLY']:
+                continue
+
+            cache_key = client_config['CACHE_KEY']
+            if cache_key not in self._oauth_tokens:
+                if token := self.cache.load(self._NETRC_MACHINE, cache_key):
+                    self._oauth_tokens[cache_key] = token
+
+            if self._oauth_tokens.get(cache_key):
+                self._DEFAULT_CLIENT = client_name
+                self.write_debug(
+                    f'Found cached {client_name} token; using {client_name} as default API client')
+                return
+
     def _get_video_password(self):
         password = self.get_param('videopassword')
         if password is None:
@@ -200,9 +224,6 @@ def _extract_vimeo_config(self, webpage, video_id, *args, **kwargs):
         if vimeo_config:
             return self._parse_json(vimeo_config, video_id)
 
-    def _set_vimeo_cookie(self, name, value):
-        self._set_cookie('vimeo.com', name, value)
-
     def _parse_config(self, config, video_id):
         video_data = config['video']
         video_title = video_data.get('title')
@@ -363,22 +384,26 @@ def _fetch_oauth_token(self, client):
         return f'Bearer {self._oauth_tokens[cache_key]}'
 
     def _get_requested_client(self):
-        default_client = self._DEFAULT_AUTHED_CLIENT if self._is_logged_in else self._DEFAULT_CLIENT
+        if client := self._configuration_arg('client', [None], ie_key=VimeoIE)[0]:
+            if client not in self._CLIENT_CONFIGS:
+                raise ExtractorError(
+                    f'Unsupported API client "{client}" requested. '
+                    f'Supported clients are: {", ".join(self._CLIENT_CONFIGS)}', expected=True)
+            self.write_debug(
+                f'Using {client} API client as specified by extractor argument', only_once=True)
+            return client
 
-        client = self._configuration_arg('client', [default_client], ie_key=VimeoIE)[0]
-        if client not in self._CLIENT_CONFIGS:
-            raise ExtractorError(
-                f'Unsupported API client "{client}" requested. '
-                f'Supported clients are: {", ".join(self._CLIENT_CONFIGS)}', expected=True)
+        if self._is_logged_in:
+            return self._DEFAULT_AUTHED_CLIENT
 
-        return client
+        return self._DEFAULT_CLIENT
 
     def _call_videos_api(self, video_id, unlisted_hash=None, path=None, *, force_client=None, query=None, **kwargs):
         client = force_client or self._get_requested_client()
 
         client_config = self._CLIENT_CONFIGS[client]
         if client_config['REQUIRES_AUTH'] and not self._is_logged_in:
-            self.raise_login_required(f'The {client} client requires authentication')
+            self.raise_login_required(f'The {client} client only works when logged-in')
 
         return self._download_json(
             join_nonempty(
@@ -1185,7 +1210,6 @@ def _try_album_password(self, url):
                 raise ExtractorError(
                     'This album is protected by a password, use the --video-password option',
                     expected=True)
-            self._set_vimeo_cookie('vuid', viewer['vuid'])
             try:
                 self._download_json(
                     f'https://vimeo.com/showcase/{album_id}/auth',
@@ -1576,7 +1600,6 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
                 raise ExtractorError(
                     'This album is protected by a password, use the --video-password option',
                     expected=True)
-            self._set_vimeo_cookie('vuid', viewer['vuid'])
             try:
                 hashed_pass = self._download_json(
                     f'https://vimeo.com/showcase/{album_id}/auth',
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_video.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_video.py
index 218549cdd..9ff727657 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_video.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_video.py
@@ -2091,7 +2091,7 @@ def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
 
         self.write_debug(f'Extracting signature function {func_id}')
-        cache_spec, code = self.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, min_ver='2025.03.31'), None
+        cache_spec, code = self.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, min_ver='2025.07.21'), None
 
         if not cache_spec:
             code = self._load_player(video_id, player_url)
@@ -2195,7 +2195,7 @@ def _load_player_data_from_cache(self, name, player_url):
         if data := self._player_cache.get(cache_id):
             return data
 
-        data = self.cache.load(*cache_id, min_ver='2025.03.31')
+        data = self.cache.load(*cache_id, min_ver='2025.07.21')
         if data:
             self._player_cache[cache_id] = data
 
@@ -4071,6 +4071,7 @@ def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, client_name, quer
                     'ext': fmt,
                     'url': urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', update_url_query(base_url, query)),
                     'name': sub_name,
+                    'impersonate': True,
                     STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME: client_name,
                 })
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/globals.py b/yt_dlp/globals.py
index 0cf276cc9..81ad00448 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/globals.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/globals.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import os
 from collections import defaultdict
 
 # Please Note: Due to necessary changes and the complex nature involved in the plugin/globals system,
@@ -28,3 +29,4 @@ def __repr__(self, /):
 # Misc
 IN_CLI = Indirect(False)
 LAZY_EXTRACTORS = Indirect(None)  # `False`=force, `None`=disabled, `True`=enabled
+WINDOWS_VT_MODE = Indirect(False if os.name == 'nt' else None)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/networking/_requests.py b/yt_dlp/networking/_requests.py
index 555c21ac3..6582038fc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/networking/_requests.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/networking/_requests.py
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ def _create_instance(self, cookiejar, legacy_ssl_support=None):
             max_retries=urllib3.util.retry.Retry(False),
         )
         session.adapters.clear()
-        session.headers = requests.models.CaseInsensitiveDict({'Connection': 'keep-alive'})
+        session.headers = requests.models.CaseInsensitiveDict()
         session.mount('https://', http_adapter)
         session.mount('http://', http_adapter)
         session.cookies = cookiejar
@@ -322,6 +322,7 @@ def _create_instance(self, cookiejar, legacy_ssl_support=None):
 
     def _prepare_headers(self, _, headers):
         add_accept_encoding_header(headers, SUPPORTED_ENCODINGS)
+        headers.setdefault('Connection', 'keep-alive')
 
     def _send(self, request):
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/embedthumbnail.py b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/embedthumbnail.py
index d8ba220ca..39e8826c6 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/embedthumbnail.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/embedthumbnail.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def run(self, info):
         if info['ext'] == 'mp3':
             options = [
                 '-c', 'copy', '-map', '0:0', '-map', '1:0', '-write_id3v1', '1', '-id3v2_version', '3',
-                '-metadata:s:v', 'title="Album cover"', '-metadata:s:v', 'comment=Cover (front)']
+                '-metadata:s:v', 'title=Album cover', '-metadata:s:v', 'comment=Cover (front)']
 
             self._report_run('ffmpeg', filename)
             self.run_ffmpeg_multiple_files([filename, thumbnail_filename], temp_filename, options)
diff --git a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/exec.py b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/exec.py
index 1f0a0015e..243487dd2 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/exec.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/exec.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def parse_cmd(self, cmd, info):
         if filepath:
             if '{}' not in cmd:
                 cmd += ' {}'
-            cmd = cmd.replace('{}', shell_quote(filepath))
+            cmd = cmd.replace('{}', shell_quote(filepath, shell=True))
         return cmd
 
     def run(self, info):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/xattrpp.py b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/xattrpp.py
index e486b797b..fd83d783b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/postprocessor/xattrpp.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/postprocessor/xattrpp.py
@@ -33,8 +33,17 @@ class XAttrMetadataPP(PostProcessor):
         # (e.g., 4kB on ext4), and we don't want to have the other ones fail
         'user.dublincore.description': 'description',
         # 'user.xdg.comment': 'description',
+        'com.apple.metadata:kMDItemWhereFroms': 'webpage_url',
     }
 
+    APPLE_PLIST_TEMPLATE = '''<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<array>
+\t<string>%s</string>
+</array>
+</plist>'''
+
     def run(self, info):
         mtime = os.stat(info['filepath']).st_mtime
         self.to_screen('Writing metadata to file\'s xattrs')
@@ -44,6 +53,8 @@ def run(self, info):
                 if value:
                     if infoname == 'upload_date':
                         value = hyphenate_date(value)
+                    elif xattrname == 'com.apple.metadata:kMDItemWhereFroms':
+                        value = self.APPLE_PLIST_TEMPLATE % value
                     write_xattr(info['filepath'], xattrname, value.encode())
 
             except XAttrUnavailableError as e:
diff --git a/yt_dlp/utils/_utils.py b/yt_dlp/utils/_utils.py
index c91a06e9a..1cb62712b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/utils/_utils.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/utils/_utils.py
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
     compat_HTMLParseError,
 )
 from ..dependencies import xattr
-from ..globals import IN_CLI
+from ..globals import IN_CLI, WINDOWS_VT_MODE
 
 __name__ = __name__.rsplit('.', 1)[0]  # noqa: A001 # Pretend to be the parent module
 
@@ -1285,7 +1285,7 @@ def unified_timestamp(date_str, day_first=True):
 
     timetuple = email.utils.parsedate_tz(date_str)
     if timetuple:
-        return calendar.timegm(timetuple) + pm_delta * 3600 - timezone.total_seconds()
+        return calendar.timegm(timetuple) + pm_delta * 3600 - int(timezone.total_seconds())
 
 
 @partial_application
@@ -4759,13 +4759,10 @@ def jwt_decode_hs256(jwt):
     return json.loads(base64.urlsafe_b64decode(f'{payload_b64}==='))
 
 
-WINDOWS_VT_MODE = False if os.name == 'nt' else None
-
-
 @functools.cache
 def supports_terminal_sequences(stream):
     if os.name == 'nt':
-        if not WINDOWS_VT_MODE:
+        if not WINDOWS_VT_MODE.value:
             return False
     elif not os.getenv('TERM'):
         return False
@@ -4802,8 +4799,7 @@ def windows_enable_vt_mode():
     finally:
         os.close(handle)
 
-    global WINDOWS_VT_MODE
-    WINDOWS_VT_MODE = True
+    WINDOWS_VT_MODE.value = True
     supports_terminal_sequences.cache_clear()
 
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/utils/networking.py b/yt_dlp/utils/networking.py
index 9fcab6456..467312ce7 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/utils/networking.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/utils/networking.py
@@ -15,48 +15,10 @@
 
 
 def random_user_agent():
-    _USER_AGENT_TPL = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/%s Safari/537.36'
-    _CHROME_VERSIONS = (
-        '90.0.4430.212',
-        '90.0.4430.24',
-        '90.0.4430.70',
-        '90.0.4430.72',
-        '90.0.4430.85',
-        '90.0.4430.93',
-        '91.0.4472.101',
-        '91.0.4472.106',
-        '91.0.4472.114',
-        '91.0.4472.124',
-        '91.0.4472.164',
-        '91.0.4472.19',
-        '91.0.4472.77',
-        '92.0.4515.107',
-        '92.0.4515.115',
-        '92.0.4515.131',
-        '92.0.4515.159',
-        '92.0.4515.43',
-        '93.0.4556.0',
-        '93.0.4577.15',
-        '93.0.4577.63',
-        '93.0.4577.82',
-        '94.0.4606.41',
-        '94.0.4606.54',
-        '94.0.4606.61',
-        '94.0.4606.71',
-        '94.0.4606.81',
-        '94.0.4606.85',
-        '95.0.4638.17',
-        '95.0.4638.50',
-        '95.0.4638.54',
-        '95.0.4638.69',
-        '95.0.4638.74',
-        '96.0.4664.18',
-        '96.0.4664.45',
-        '96.0.4664.55',
-        '96.0.4664.93',
-        '97.0.4692.20',
-    )
-    return _USER_AGENT_TPL % random.choice(_CHROME_VERSIONS)
+    USER_AGENT_TMPL = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/{} Safari/537.36'
+    # Target versions released within the last ~6 months
+    CHROME_MAJOR_VERSION_RANGE = (132, 138)
+    return USER_AGENT_TMPL.format(f'{random.randint(*CHROME_MAJOR_VERSION_RANGE)}.0.0.0')
 
 
 class HTTPHeaderDict(dict):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/version.py b/yt_dlp/version.py
index 451fee716..868429ffb 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/version.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/version.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Autogenerated by devscripts/update-version.py
 
-__version__ = '2025.06.30'
+__version__ = '2025.07.21'
 
-RELEASE_GIT_HEAD = 'b0187844988e557c7e1e6bb1aabd4c1176768d86'
+RELEASE_GIT_HEAD = '9951fdd0d08b655cb1af8cd7f32a3fb7e2b1324e'
 
 VARIANT = None
 
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@
 
 ORIGIN = 'yt-dlp/yt-dlp'
 
-_pkg_version = '2025.06.30'
+_pkg_version = '2025.07.21'