Release 2025.10.22

Created by: bashonly

:ci skip all

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ liberapay: # Replace with a single Liberapay username
 issuehunt: # Replace with a single IssueHunt username
 otechie: # Replace with a single Otechie username
 
-custom: ['https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/Collaborators.md#collaborators']
+custom: ['https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/Maintainers.md#maintainers']

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ jobs:
       UPDATE_TO: yt-dlp/yt-dlp@2025.09.05
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0  # Needed for changelog
 
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ jobs:
       SKIP_ONEFILE_BUILD: ${{ (!matrix.onefile && '1') || '' }}
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - name: Cache requirements
         if: matrix.cache_requirements
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ jobs:
       UPDATE_TO: yt-dlp/yt-dlp@2025.09.05
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       # NB: Building universal2 does not work with python from actions/setup-python
 
       - name: Cache requirements
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ jobs:
       PYI_WHEEL: pyinstaller-${{ matrix.pyi_version }}-py3-none-${{ matrix.platform_tag }}.whl
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Download artifacts
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
         with:
           path: artifact
           pattern: build-bin-*
@@ -558,35 +558,39 @@ jobs:
           cat >> _update_spec << EOF
           # This file is used for regulating self-update
           lock 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3\.6
-          lock 2023.11.16 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
+          lock 2023.11.16 zip Python 3\.7
           lock 2023.11.16 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
           lock 2024.10.22 py2exe .+
           lock 2024.10.22 zip Python 3\.8
           lock 2024.10.22 win(?:_x86)?_exe Python 3\.[78].+ Windows-(?:7-|2008ServerR2)
           lock 2025.08.11 darwin_legacy_exe .+
           lock 2025.08.27 linux_armv7l_exe .+
+          lock 2025.10.14 zip Python 3\.9
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3\.6
-          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2023.11.16 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2023.11.16 zip Python 3\.7
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2023.11.16 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2024.10.22 py2exe .+
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2024.10.22 zip Python 3\.8
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2024.10.22 win(?:_x86)?_exe Python 3\.[78].+ Windows-(?:7-|2008ServerR2)
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2025.08.11 darwin_legacy_exe .+
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2025.08.27 linux_armv7l_exe .+
-          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2023.11.15.232826 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2025.10.14 zip Python 3\.9
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2023.11.15.232826 zip Python 3\.7
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2023.11.15.232826 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2024.10.22.051025 py2exe .+
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2024.10.22.051025 zip Python 3\.8
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2024.10.22.051025 win(?:_x86)?_exe Python 3\.[78].+ Windows-(?:7-|2008ServerR2)
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2025.08.12.233030 darwin_legacy_exe .+
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2025.08.30.232839 linux_armv7l_exe .+
-          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2023.11.15.232812 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2025.10.14.232845 zip Python 3\.9
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2023.11.15.232812 zip Python 3\.7
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2023.11.15.232812 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2024.10.22.045052 py2exe .+
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2024.10.22.060347 zip Python 3\.8
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2024.10.22.060347 win(?:_x86)?_exe Python 3\.[78].+ Windows-(?:7-|2008ServerR2)
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2025.08.12.232447 darwin_legacy_exe .+
           lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2025.09.05.212910 linux_armv7l_exe .+
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2025.10.14.232330 zip Python 3\.9
           EOF
 
       - name: Sign checksum files

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - name: Checkout repository
-      uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL

.github/workflows/core.yml

@@ -36,12 +36,10 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest]
-        # CPython 3.9 is in quick-test
+        # CPython 3.10 is in quick-test
-        python-version: ['3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14-dev', pypy-3.11]
+        python-version: ['3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14', pypy-3.11]
         include:
         # atleast one of each CPython/PyPy tests must be in windows
-        - os: windows-latest
-          python-version: '3.9'
         - os: windows-latest
           python-version: '3.10'
         - os: windows-latest
@@ -51,11 +49,11 @@ jobs:
         - os: windows-latest
           python-version: '3.13'
         - os: windows-latest
-          python-version: '3.14-dev'
+          python-version: '3.14'
         - os: windows-latest
           python-version: pypy-3.11
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
     - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
       uses: actions/setup-python@v6
       with:

.github/workflows/download.yml

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ jobs:
     if: "contains(github.event.head_commit.message, 'ci run dl')"
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
     - name: Set up Python
       uses: actions/setup-python@v6
       with:
-        python-version: 3.9
+        python-version: '3.10'
     - name: Install test requirements
       run: python3 ./devscripts/install_deps.py --include dev
     - name: Run tests
@@ -28,15 +28,15 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: true
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest]
-        python-version: ['3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14-dev', pypy-3.11]
+        python-version: ['3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14', pypy-3.11]
         include:
         # atleast one of each CPython/PyPy tests must be in windows
         - os: windows-latest
-          python-version: '3.9'
+          python-version: '3.10'
         - os: windows-latest
           python-version: pypy-3.11
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
     - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
       uses: actions/setup-python@v6
       with:

.github/workflows/quick-test.yml

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ jobs:
     if: "!contains(github.event.head_commit.message, 'ci skip all')"
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
-    - name: Set up Python 3.9
+    - name: Set up Python 3.10
       uses: actions/setup-python@v6
       with:
-        python-version: '3.9'
+        python-version: '3.10'
     - name: Install test requirements
       run: python3 ./devscripts/install_deps.py -o --include test
     - name: Run tests
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ jobs:
     if: "!contains(github.event.head_commit.message, 'ci skip all')"
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
     - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
       with:
-        python-version: '3.9'
+        python-version: '3.10'
     - name: Install dev dependencies
       run: python3 ./devscripts/install_deps.py -o --include static-analysis
     - name: Make lazy extractors

.github/workflows/release-master.yml

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ jobs:
       id-token: write  # mandatory for trusted publishing
     steps:
       - name: Download artifacts
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
         with:
           path: dist
           name: build-pypi

.github/workflows/release-nightly.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ jobs:
     outputs:
       commit: ${{ steps.check_for_new_commits.outputs.commit }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - name: Check for new commits
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ jobs:
       id-token: write  # mandatory for trusted publishing
     steps:
       - name: Download artifacts
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
         with:
           path: dist
           name: build-pypi

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ jobs:
       head_sha: ${{ steps.get_target.outputs.head_sha }}
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
 
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ jobs:
       id-token: write  # mandatory for trusted publishing
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
@@ -233,10 +233,10 @@ jobs:
       VERSION: ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.version }}
       HEAD_SHA: ${{ needs.prepare.outputs.head_sha }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
-      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
         with:
           path: artifact
           pattern: build-*
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ jobs:
             "[![Discord](https://img.shields.io/discord/807245652072857610?color=blue&labelColor=555555&label=&logo=discord&style=for-the-badge)]" \
               "(https://discord.gg/H5MNcFW63r \"Discord\") " \
             "[![Donate](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Donate-red.svg?logo=githubsponsors&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)]" \
-              "(https://github.com/${BASE_REPO}/blob/master/Collaborators.md#collaborators \"Donate\") " \
+              "(https://github.com/${BASE_REPO}/blob/master/Maintainers.md#maintainers \"Donate\") " \
             "[![Documentation](https://img.shields.io/badge/-Docs-brightgreen.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=GitBook&labelColor=555555)]" \
               "(https://github.com/${REPOSITORY}${DOCS_PATH}#readme \"Documentation\") " > ./RELEASE_NOTES
           if [[ "${TARGET_REPO}" == "${BASE_REPO}" ]]; then

.github/workflows/signature-tests.yml

@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest]
-        python-version: ['3.9', '3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14-dev', pypy-3.11]
+        python-version: ['3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14', pypy-3.11]
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
     - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
       uses: actions/setup-python@v6
       with:

.github/workflows/test-workflows.yml

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
     name: Check workflows
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
           python-version: "3.10"  # Keep this in sync with release.yml's prepare job

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ After you have ensured this site is distributing its content legally, you can fo
 
     You can use `hatch fmt` to automatically fix problems. Rules that the linter/formatter enforces should not be disabled with `# noqa` unless a maintainer requests it. The only exception allowed is for old/printf-style string formatting in GraphQL query templates (use `# noqa: UP031`).
 
-1. Make sure your code works under all [Python](https://www.python.org/) versions supported by yt-dlp, namely CPython >=3.9 and PyPy >=3.11. Backward compatibility is not required for even older versions of Python.
+1. Make sure your code works under all [Python](https://www.python.org/) versions supported by yt-dlp, namely CPython >=3.10 and PyPy >=3.11. Backward compatibility is not required for even older versions of Python.
 1. When the tests pass, [add](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-add) the new files, [commit](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit) them and [push](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-push) the result, like this:
 
     ```shell

CONTRIBUTORS

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 pukkandan (owner)
-shirt-dev (collaborator)
+shirt-dev (maintainer)
-coletdjnz/colethedj (collaborator)
+coletdjnz (maintainer)
-Ashish0804 (collaborator)
+Ashish0804 (maintainer)
-bashonly (collaborator)
+bashonly (maintainer)
-Grub4K (collaborator)
+Grub4K (maintainer)
-seproDev (collaborator)
+seproDev (maintainer)
 h-h-h-h
 pauldubois98
 nixxo
@@ -811,3 +811,10 @@ zakaryan2004
 cdce8p
 nicolaasjan
 willsmillie
+CasualYT31
+cecilia-sanare
+dhwz
+robin-mu
+shssoichiro
+thanhtaivtt
+uoag

Changelog.md

@@ -4,6 +4,66 @@
 # To create a release, dispatch the https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/actions/workflows/release.yml workflow on master
 -->
 
+### 2025.10.22
+
+#### Important changes
+- **A stopgap release with a *TEMPORARY partial* fix for YouTube support**
+Some formats may still be unavailable, especially if cookies are passed to yt-dlp. The ***NEXT*** release, expected very soon, **will require an external JS runtime (e.g. Deno)** in order for YouTube downloads to work properly. [Read more](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14404)
+- **The minimum *required* Python version has been raised to 3.10**
+Python 3.9 has reached its end-of-life as of October 2025, and yt-dlp has now removed support for it. [Read more](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13858)
+
+#### Core changes
+- [Remove Python 3.9 support](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/4e6a693057cfaf1ce1f07b019ed3bfce2bf936f6) ([#13861](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13861)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+
+#### Extractor changes
+- **appleconnect**: [Rework extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/78748b506f0dca8236ac0045ed7f72f7cf334b62) ([#13229](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13229)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
+- **idagio**: [Support URLs with country codes](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/c9356f308dd3c5f9f494cb40ed14c5df017b4fe0) ([#14655](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14655)) by [robin-mu](https://github.com/robin-mu)
+- **tvnoe**: [Rework Extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/fe5ae54a7b08ebe679f03afdeafbe1cee5784d5b) ([#13369](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13369)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
+- **youtube**: [Use temporary player client workaround](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/2c9091e355a7ba5d1edb69796ecdca48199b77fb) ([#14693](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14693)) by [gamer191](https://github.com/gamer191)
+
+#### Misc. changes
+- **cleanup**
+    - Miscellaneous
+        - [c7bda21](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/c7bda2192aa24afce40fdbbbe056d269aa3b2872) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+        - [de7b3c0](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/de7b3c0705022cb777c5b4b7f0c69c59ad6ff538) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **docs**: [Update list of maintainers](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/dfc0a84c192a7357dd1768cc345d590253a14fe5) ([#14148](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14148)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+
+### 2025.10.14
+
+#### Core changes
+- [Fix `prefer-vp9-sort` compat option](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a6673a8e82276ea529c1773ed09e5bc4a22e822a) ([#14603](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14603)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+
+#### Extractor changes
+- **10play**
+    - [Handle geo-restriction errors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ad55bfcfb700fbfc1364c04e3425761d6f95c0a7) ([#14618](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14618)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - [Rework extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/eafedc21817bb0de20e9aaccd7151a1d4c4e1ebd) ([#14417](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14417)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev), [Sipherdrakon](https://github.com/Sipherdrakon)
+- **abc.net.au**: [Support listen URLs](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/0ea5d5882def84415f946907cfc00ab431c18fed) ([#14389](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14389)) by [uoag](https://github.com/uoag)
+- **cbc.ca**: listen: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/df160ab18db523f6629f2e7e20123d7a3551df28) ([#14391](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14391)) by [uoag](https://github.com/uoag)
+- **dropout**: [Update extractor for new domain](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/8eb8695139dece6351aac10463df63b87b45b000) ([#14531](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14531)) by [cecilia-sanare](https://github.com/cecilia-sanare)
+- **idagio**: [Add extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a98e7f9f58a9492d2cb216baa59c890ed8ce02f3) ([#14586](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14586)) by [robin-mu](https://github.com/robin-mu)
+- **musescore**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/87be1bb96ac47abaaa4cfc6d7dd651e511b74551) ([#14598](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14598)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+- **prankcastpost**: [Rework extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5d7678195a7d0c045a9fe0418383171a71a7ea43) ([#14445](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14445)) by [columndeeply](https://github.com/columndeeply)
+- **slideslive**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/c2e124881f9aa02097589e853b3d3505e78372c4) ([#14619](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14619)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **soundcloud**: [Support new API URLs](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/6d41aaf21c61a87e74564646abd0a8ee887e888d) ([#14449](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14449)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+- **tiktok**
+    - [Support browser impersonation](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5513036104ed9710f624c537fb3644b07a0680db) ([#14473](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14473)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [thanhtaivtt](https://github.com/thanhtaivtt)
+    - user: [Fix private account extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/cdc533b114c35ceb8a2e9dd3eb9c172a8737ae5e) ([#14585](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14585)) by [CasualYT31](https://github.com/CasualYT31)
+- **vidyard**: [Extract chapters](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5f94f054907c12e68129cd9ac2508ed8aba1b223) ([#14478](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14478)) by [exterrestris](https://github.com/exterrestris)
+- **xhamster**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/739125d40f8ede3beb7be68fc4df55bec0d226fd) ([#14446](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14446)) by [dhwz](https://github.com/dhwz), [dirkf](https://github.com/dirkf), [shssoichiro](https://github.com/shssoichiro)
+- **youtube**
+    - [Detect experiment binding GVS PO Token to video id](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/bd5ed90419eea18adfb2f0d8efa9d22b2029119f) ([#14471](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14471)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+    - tab: [Fix approximate timestamp extraction for feeds](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ccc25d6710a4aa373b7e15c558e07f8a2ffae5f3) ([#14539](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14539)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+
+### 2025.09.26
+
+#### Extractor changes
+- **twitch**: vod: [Fix `live_status` detection](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/50e452fd7dfb8a648bd3b9aaabc8f94f37ce2051) ([#14457](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14457)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **youtube**
+    - [Fix player JS overrides](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b7b7910d96359a539b7997890342ab4a59dd685d) ([#14430](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14430)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+    - [Improve PO token logging](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7df5acc546dccd32213c3a125d721e32b06d71b0) ([#14447](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14447)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+    - [Player client maintenance](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/94c5622be96474ca3c637e52898c4daee4d8fb69) ([#14448](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14448)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+    - [Replace `tv_simply` with `web_safari` in default clients](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/12b57d2858845c0c7fb33bf9aa8ed7be6905535d) ([#14465](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14465)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+
 ### 2025.09.23
 
 #### Important changes

Maintainers.md

@@ -1,59 +1,34 @@
-# Collaborators
+# Maintainers
 
-This is a list of the collaborators of the project and their major contributions. See the [Changelog](Changelog.md) for more details.
+This file lists the maintainers of yt-dlp and their major contributions. See the [Changelog](Changelog.md) for more details.
 
 You can also find lists of all [contributors of yt-dlp](CONTRIBUTORS) and [authors of youtube-dl](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/master/AUTHORS)
 
+## Core Maintainers
 
-## [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+Core Maintainers are responsible for reviewing and merging contributions, publishing releases, and steering the overall direction of the project.
 
-[![ko-fi](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Ko--fi-red.svg?logo=kofi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://ko-fi.com/pukkandan)
+**You can contact the core maintainers via `maintainers@yt-dlp.org`.**
-[![gh-sponsor](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Github-white.svg?logo=github&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/sponsors/pukkandan)
 
-* Owner of the fork
+### [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
-
-
-
-## [shirt](https://github.com/shirt-dev)
-
-[![ko-fi](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Ko--fi-red.svg?logo=kofi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://ko-fi.com/shirt)
-
-* Multithreading (`-N`) and aria2c support for fragment downloads
-* Support for media initialization and discontinuity in HLS
-* The self-updater (`-U`)
-
-
-
-## [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
 
 [![gh-sponsor](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Github-white.svg?logo=github&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/sponsors/coletdjnz)
 
-* Improved plugin architecture
+* Overhauled the networking stack and implemented support for `requests` and `curl_cffi` (`--impersonate`) HTTP clients
-* Rewrote the networking infrastructure, implemented support for `requests`
+* Reworked the plugin architecture to support installing plugins across all yt-dlp distributions (exe, pip, etc.)
-* YouTube improvements including: age-gate bypass, private playlists, multiple-clients (to avoid throttling) and a lot of under-the-hood improvements
+* Maintains support for YouTube
-* Added support for new websites YoutubeWebArchive, MainStreaming, PRX, nzherald, Mediaklikk, StarTV etc
+* Added and fixed support for various other sites
-* Improved/fixed support for Patreon, panopto, gfycat, itv, pbs, SouthParkDE etc
+
+### [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+
+* Rewrote and maintains the build/release workflows and the self-updater: executables, automated/nightly/master releases, `--update-to`
+* Overhauled external downloader cookie handling
+* Added `--cookies-from-browser` support for Firefox containers
+* Overhauled and maintains support for sites like Youtube, Vimeo, Twitter, TikTok, etc
+* Added support for sites like Dacast, Kick, Loom, SproutVideo, Triller, Weverse, etc
 
 
-
+### [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
-## [Ashish0804](https://github.com/Ashish0804) <sub><sup>[Inactive]</sup></sub>
-
-[![ko-fi](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Ko--fi-red.svg?logo=kofi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://ko-fi.com/ashish0804)
-
-* Added support for new websites BiliIntl, DiscoveryPlusIndia, OlympicsReplay, PlanetMarathi, ShemarooMe, Utreon, Zee5 etc
-* Added playlist/series downloads for Hotstar, ParamountPlus, Rumble, SonyLIV, Trovo, TubiTv, Voot etc
-* Improved/fixed support for HiDive, HotStar, Hungama, LBRY, LinkedInLearning, Mxplayer, SonyLiv, TV2, Vimeo, VLive etc
-
-
-## [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
-
-* `--update-to`, self-updater rewrite, automated/nightly/master releases
-* `--cookies-from-browser` support for Firefox containers, external downloader cookie handling overhaul
-* Added support for new websites like Dacast, Kick, NBCStations, Triller, VideoKen, Weverse, WrestleUniverse etc
-* Improved/fixed support for Anvato, Brightcove, Reddit, SlidesLive, TikTok, Twitter, Vimeo etc
-
-
-## [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
 
 [![gh-sponsor](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Github-white.svg?logo=github&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/sponsors/Grub4K) [![ko-fi](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Ko--fi-red.svg?logo=kofi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://ko-fi.com/Grub4K)
 
@@ -63,8 +38,48 @@ You can also find lists of all [contributors of yt-dlp](CONTRIBUTORS) and [autho
 * Improved/fixed/added Bundestag, crunchyroll, pr0gramm, Twitter, WrestleUniverse etc
 
 
-## [sepro](https://github.com/seproDev)
+### [sepro](https://github.com/seproDev)
 
 * UX improvements: Warn when ffmpeg is missing, warn when double-clicking exe
 * Code cleanup: Remove dead extractors, mark extractors as broken, enable/apply ruff rules
 * Improved/fixed/added ArdMediathek, DRTV, Floatplane, MagentaMusik, Naver, Nebula, OnDemandKorea, Vbox7 etc
+
+
+## Inactive Core Maintainers
+
+### [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan)
+
+[![ko-fi](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Ko--fi-red.svg?logo=kofi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://ko-fi.com/pukkandan)
+[![gh-sponsor](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Github-white.svg?logo=github&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/sponsors/pukkandan)
+
+* Founder of the fork
+* Lead Maintainer from 2021-2024
+
+
+### [shirt](https://github.com/shirt-dev)
+
+[![ko-fi](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Ko--fi-red.svg?logo=kofi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://ko-fi.com/shirt)
+
+* Multithreading (`-N`) and aria2c support for fragment downloads
+* Support for media initialization and discontinuity in HLS
+* The self-updater (`-U`)
+
+
+### [Ashish0804](https://github.com/Ashish0804)
+
+[![ko-fi](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Ko--fi-red.svg?logo=kofi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://ko-fi.com/ashish0804)
+
+* Added support for new websites BiliIntl, DiscoveryPlusIndia, OlympicsReplay, PlanetMarathi, ShemarooMe, Utreon, Zee5 etc
+* Added playlist/series downloads for Hotstar, ParamountPlus, Rumble, SonyLIV, Trovo, TubiTv, Voot etc
+* Improved/fixed support for HiDive, HotStar, Hungama, LBRY, LinkedInLearning, Mxplayer, SonyLiv, TV2, Vimeo, VLive etc
+
+## Triage Maintainers
+
+Triage Maintainers are frequent contributors who can manage issues and pull requests.
+
+- [gamer191](https://github.com/gamer191)
+- [garret1317](https://github.com/garret1317)
+- [pzhlkj6612](https://github.com/pzhlkj6612)
+- [DTrombett](https://github.com/dtrombett)
+- [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
+- [grqz](https://github.com/grqz)

Makefile

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ yt-dlp.tar.gz: all
 		--exclude '.git' \
 		-- \
 		README.md supportedsites.md Changelog.md LICENSE \
-		CONTRIBUTING.md Collaborators.md CONTRIBUTORS AUTHORS \
+		CONTRIBUTING.md Maintainers.md CONTRIBUTORS AUTHORS \
 		Makefile yt-dlp.1 README.txt completions .gitignore \
 		yt-dlp yt_dlp pyproject.toml devscripts test
 

README.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 [![Release version](https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/yt-dlp/yt-dlp?color=brightgreen&label=Download&style=for-the-badge)](#installation "Installation")
 [![PyPI](https://img.shields.io/badge/-PyPI-blue.svg?logo=pypi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://pypi.org/project/yt-dlp "PyPI")
-[![Donate](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Donate-red.svg?logo=githubsponsors&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](Collaborators.md#collaborators "Donate")
+[![Donate](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Donate-red.svg?logo=githubsponsors&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](Maintainers.md#maintainers "Donate")
 [![Discord](https://img.shields.io/discord/807245652072857610?color=blue&labelColor=555555&label=&logo=discord&style=for-the-badge)](https://discord.gg/H5MNcFW63r "Discord")
 [![Supported Sites](https://img.shields.io/badge/-Supported_Sites-brightgreen.svg?style=for-the-badge)](supportedsites.md "Supported Sites")
 [![License: Unlicense](https://img.shields.io/badge/-Unlicense-blue.svg?style=for-the-badge)](LICENSE "License")
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ When running a yt-dlp version that is older than 90 days, you will see a warning
 You can suppress this warning by adding `--no-update` to your command or configuration file.
 
 ## DEPENDENCIES
-Python versions 3.9+ (CPython) and 3.11+ (PyPy) are supported. Other versions and implementations may or may not work correctly.
+Python versions 3.10+ (CPython) and 3.11+ (PyPy) are supported. Other versions and implementations may or may not work correctly.
 
 <!-- Python 3.5+ uses VC++14 and it is already embedded in the binary created
 <!x-- https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=26999 --x>
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ On some systems, you may need to use `py` or `python` instead of `python3`.
 **Important**: Running `pyinstaller` directly **instead of** using `python -m bundle.pyinstaller` is **not** officially supported. This may or may not work correctly.
 
 ### Platform-independent Binary (UNIX)
-You will need the build tools `python` (3.9+), `zip`, `make` (GNU), `pandoc`\* and `pytest`\*.
+You will need the build tools `python` (3.10+), `zip`, `make` (GNU), `pandoc`\* and `pytest`\*.
 
 After installing these, simply run `make`.
 
@@ -1814,12 +1814,12 @@ The following extractors use this feature:
 #### youtube
 * `lang`: Prefer translated metadata (`title`, `description` etc) of this language code (case-sensitive). By default, the video primary language metadata is preferred, with a fallback to `en` translated. See [youtube/_base.py](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/415b4c9f955b1a0391204bd24a7132590e7b3bdb/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_base.py#L402-L409) for the list of supported content language codes
 * `skip`: One or more of `hls`, `dash` or `translated_subs` to skip extraction of the m3u8 manifests, dash manifests and [auto-translated subtitles](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/4090#issuecomment-1158102032) respectively
-* `player_client`: Clients to extract video data from. The currently available clients are `web`, `web_safari`, `web_embedded`, `web_music`, `web_creator`, `mweb`, `ios`, `android`, `android_vr`, `tv`, `tv_simply` and `tv_embedded`. By default, `tv_simply,tv,web` is used, but `tv,web_safari,web` is used when authenticating with cookies and `tv,web_creator,web` is used with premium accounts. The `web_music` client is added for `music.youtube.com` URLs when logged-in cookies are used. The `web_embedded` client is added for age-restricted videos but only works if the video is embeddable. The `tv_embedded` and `web_creator` clients are added for age-restricted videos if account age-verification is required. Some clients, such as `web` and `web_music`, require a `po_token` for their formats to be downloadable. Some clients, such as `web_creator`, will only work with authentication. Not all clients support authentication via cookies. You can use `default` for the default clients, or you can use `all` for all clients (not recommended). You can prefix a client with `-` to exclude it, e.g. `youtube:player_client=default,-ios`
+* `player_client`: Clients to extract video data from. The currently available clients are `web`, `web_safari`, `web_embedded`, `web_music`, `web_creator`, `mweb`, `ios`, `android`, `android_sdkless`, `android_vr`, `tv`, `tv_simply` and `tv_embedded`. By default, `android_sdkless,tv,web_safari,web` is used. `android_sdkless` is omitted if cookies are passed. If premium cookies are passed, `tv,web_creator,web_safari,web` is used instead. The `web_music` client is added for `music.youtube.com` URLs when logged-in cookies are used. The `web_embedded` client is added for age-restricted videos but only works if the video is embeddable. The `tv_embedded` and `web_creator` clients are added for age-restricted videos if account age-verification is required. Some clients, such as `web` and `web_music`, require a `po_token` for their formats to be downloadable. Some clients, such as `web_creator`, will only work with authentication. Not all clients support authentication via cookies. You can use `default` for the default clients, or you can use `all` for all clients (not recommended). You can prefix a client with `-` to exclude it, e.g. `youtube:player_client=default,-ios`
 * `player_skip`: Skip some network requests that are generally needed for robust extraction. One or more of `configs` (skip client configs), `webpage` (skip initial webpage), `js` (skip js player), `initial_data` (skip initial data/next ep request). While these options can help reduce the number of requests needed or avoid some rate-limiting, they could cause issues such as missing formats or metadata.  See [#860](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/860) and [#12826](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12826) for more details
 * `webpage_skip`: Skip extraction of embedded webpage data. One or both of `player_response`, `initial_data`. These options are for testing purposes and don't skip any network requests
 * `player_params`: YouTube player parameters to use for player requests. Will overwrite any default ones set by yt-dlp.
 * `player_js_variant`: The player javascript variant to use for n/sig deciphering. The known variants are: `main`, `tcc`, `tce`, `es5`, `es6`, `tv`, `tv_es6`, `phone`, `tablet`. The default is `main`, and the others are for debugging purposes. You can use `actual` to go with what is prescribed by the site
-* `player_js_version`: The player javascript version to use for n/sig deciphering, in the format of `signature_timestamp@hash`. Currently, the default is to force `20348@0004de42`. You can use `actual` to go with what is prescribed by the site
+* `player_js_version`: The player javascript version to use for n/sig deciphering, in the format of `signature_timestamp@hash` (e.g. `20348@0004de42`). The default is to use what is prescribed by the site, and can be selected with `actual`
 * `comment_sort`: `top` or `new` (default) - choose comment sorting mode (on YouTube's side)
 * `max_comments`: Limit the amount of comments to gather. Comma-separated list of integers representing `max-comments,max-parents,max-replies,max-replies-per-thread`. Default is `all,all,all,all`
     * E.g. `all,all,1000,10` will get a maximum of 1000 replies total, with up to 10 replies per thread. `1000,all,100` will get a maximum of 1000 comments, with a maximum of 100 replies total
@@ -2255,7 +2255,7 @@ Features marked with a **\*** have been back-ported to youtube-dl
 
 Some of yt-dlp's default options are different from that of youtube-dl and youtube-dlc:
 
-* yt-dlp supports only [Python 3.9+](## "Windows 8"), and will remove support for more versions as they [become EOL](https://devguide.python.org/versions/#python-release-cycle); while [youtube-dl still supports Python 2.6+ and 3.2+](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/30568#issue-1118238743)
+* yt-dlp supports only [Python 3.10+](## "Windows 8"), and will remove support for more versions as they [become EOL](https://devguide.python.org/versions/#python-release-cycle); while [youtube-dl still supports Python 2.6+ and 3.2+](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/30568#issue-1118238743)
 * The options `--auto-number` (`-A`), `--title` (`-t`) and `--literal` (`-l`), no longer work. See [removed options](#Removed) for details
 * `avconv` is not supported as an alternative to `ffmpeg`
 * yt-dlp stores config files in slightly different locations to youtube-dl. See [CONFIGURATION](#configuration) for a list of correct locations

devscripts/changelog_override.json

@@ -298,5 +298,15 @@
         "action": "add",
         "when": "08d78996831bd8e1e3c2592d740c3def00bbf548",
         "short": "[priority] **Several options have been deprecated**\nIn order to simplify the codebase and reduce maintenance burden, various options have been deprecated. Please remove them from your commands/configurations. [Read more](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14198)"
+    },
+    {
+        "action": "add",
+        "when": "4e6a693057cfaf1ce1f07b019ed3bfce2bf936f6",
+        "short": "[priority] **The minimum *required* Python version has been raised to 3.10**\nPython 3.9 has reached its end-of-life as of October 2025, and yt-dlp has now removed support for it. [Read more](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13858)"
+    },
+    {
+        "action": "add",
+        "when": "2c9091e355a7ba5d1edb69796ecdca48199b77fb",
+        "short": "[priority] **A stopgap release with a *TEMPORARY partial* fix for YouTube support**\nSome formats may still be unavailable, especially if cookies are passed to yt-dlp. The ***NEXT*** release, expected very soon, **will require an external JS runtime (e.g. Deno)** in order for YouTube downloads to work properly. [Read more](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14404)"
     }
 ]

devscripts/make_changelog.py

@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ class CommitRange:
             issues = [issue.strip()[1:] for issue in issues.split(',')] if issues else []
 
             if prefix:
-                groups, details, sub_details = zip(*map(self.details_from_prefix, prefix.split(',')))
+                groups, details, sub_details = zip(*map(self.details_from_prefix, prefix.split(',')), strict=True)
                 group = next(iter(filter(None, groups)), None)
                 details = ', '.join(unique(details))
                 sub_details = list(itertools.chain.from_iterable(sub_details))

pyproject.toml

@@ -4,8 +4,11 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 
 [project]
 name = "yt-dlp"
-maintainers = [
+authors = [
     {name = "pukkandan", email = "pukkandan.ytdlp@gmail.com"},
+]
+maintainers = [
+    {email = "maintainers@yt-dlp.org"},
     {name = "Grub4K", email = "contact@grub4k.xyz"},
     {name = "bashonly", email = "bashonly@protonmail.com"},
     {name = "coletdjnz", email = "coletdjnz@protonmail.com"},
@@ -13,7 +16,7 @@ maintainers = [
 ]
 description = "A feature-rich command-line audio/video downloader"
 readme = "README.md"
-requires-python = ">=3.9"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
 keywords = [
     "cli",
     "downloader",
@@ -30,7 +33,6 @@ classifiers = [
     "Environment :: Console",
     "Programming Language :: Python",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
@@ -76,7 +78,7 @@ dev = [
 ]
 static-analysis = [
     "autopep8~=2.0",
-    "ruff~=0.13.0",
+    "ruff~=0.14.0",
 ]
 test = [
     "pytest~=8.1",
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ pyinstaller = [
 Documentation = "https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#readme"
 Repository = "https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp"
 Tracker = "https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues"
-Funding = "https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/Collaborators.md#collaborators"
+Funding = "https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/Maintainers.md#maintainers"
 
 [project.scripts]
 yt-dlp = "yt_dlp:main"
@@ -168,7 +170,6 @@ run-cov = "echo Code coverage not implemented && exit 1"
 
 [[tool.hatch.envs.hatch-test.matrix]]
 python = [
-    "3.9",
     "3.10",
     "3.11",
     "3.12",

supportedsites.md

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
  - **aol.com**: Yahoo screen and movies (**Currently broken**)
  - **APA**
  - **Aparat**
- - **AppleConnect**
+ - **apple:​music:connect**: Apple Music Connect
  - **AppleDaily**: 臺灣蘋果日報
  - **ApplePodcasts**
  - **appletrailers**
@@ -242,6 +242,7 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
  - **Canalsurmas**
  - **CaracolTvPlay**: [*caracoltv-play*](## "netrc machine")
  - **cbc.ca**
+ - **cbc.ca:listen**
  - **cbc.ca:player**
  - **cbc.ca:​player:playlist**
  - **CBS**: (**Currently broken**)
@@ -579,6 +580,11 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
  - **Hypem**
  - **Hytale**
  - **Icareus**
+ - **IdagioAlbum**
+ - **IdagioPersonalPlaylist**
+ - **IdagioPlaylist**
+ - **IdagioRecording**
+ - **IdagioTrack**
  - **IdolPlus**
  - **iflix:episode**
  - **IflixSeries**
@@ -1535,7 +1541,7 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
  - **tvigle**: Интернет-телевидение Tvigle.ru
  - **TVIPlayer**
  - **TVN24**: (**Currently broken**)
- - **TVNoe**: (**Currently broken**)
+ - **tvnoe**: Televize Noe
  - **tvopengr:embed**: tvopen.gr embedded videos
  - **tvopengr:watch**: tvopen.gr (and ethnos.gr) videos
  - **tvp**: Telewizja Polska

test/helper.py

@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ def _iter_differences(got, expected, field):
             yield field, f'expected length of {len(expected)}, got {len(got)}'
             return
 
-        for index, (got_val, expected_val) in enumerate(zip(got, expected)):
+        for index, (got_val, expected_val) in enumerate(zip(got, expected, strict=True)):
             field_name = str(index) if field is None else f'{field}.{index}'
             yield from _iter_differences(got_val, expected_val, field_name)
         return

test/test_YoutubeDL.py

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
 
 import contextlib
 import copy
+import itertools
 import json
 
 from test.helper import FakeYDL, assertRegexpMatches, try_rm
@@ -414,7 +415,7 @@ class TestFormatSelection(unittest.TestCase):
         downloaded_ids = [info['format_id'] for info in ydl.downloaded_info_dicts]
         self.assertEqual(downloaded_ids, ['248+141'])
 
-        for f1, f2 in zip(formats_order, formats_order[1:]):
+        for f1, f2 in itertools.pairwise(formats_order):
             info_dict = _make_result([f1, f2], extractor='youtube')
             ydl = YDL({'format': 'best/bestvideo'})
             ydl.sort_formats(info_dict)
@@ -749,7 +750,7 @@ class TestYoutubeDL(unittest.TestCase):
 
             if not isinstance(expected, (list, tuple)):
                 expected = (expected, expected)
-            for (name, got), expect in zip((('outtmpl', out), ('filename', fname)), expected):
+            for (name, got), expect in zip((('outtmpl', out), ('filename', fname)), expected, strict=True):
                 if callable(expect):
                     self.assertTrue(expect(got), f'Wrong {name} from {tmpl}')
                 elif expect is not None:
@@ -1147,7 +1148,7 @@ class TestYoutubeDL(unittest.TestCase):
                 entries = func(evaluated)
                 results = [(v['playlist_autonumber'] - 1, (int(v['id']), v['playlist_index']))
                            for v in get_downloaded_info_dicts(params, entries)]
-                self.assertEqual(results, list(enumerate(zip(expected_ids, expected_ids))), f'Entries of {name} for {params}')
+                self.assertEqual(results, list(enumerate(zip(expected_ids, expected_ids, strict=True))), f'Entries of {name} for {params}')
                 self.assertEqual(sorted(evaluated), expected_eval, f'Evaluation of {name} for {params}')
 
         test_selection({}, INDICES)

test/test_postprocessors.py

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ class TestModifyChaptersPP(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(len(ends), len(titles))
         start = 0
         chapters = []
-        for e, t in zip(ends, titles):
+        for e, t in zip(ends, titles, strict=True):
             chapters.append(self._chapter(start, e, t))
             start = e
         return chapters

test/test_pot/test_pot_builtin_utils.py

@@ -45,3 +45,8 @@ class TestGetWebPoContentBinding:
     def test_invalid_base64(self, pot_request):
         pot_request.visitor_data = 'invalid-base64'
         assert get_webpo_content_binding(pot_request, bind_to_visitor_id=True) == (pot_request.visitor_data, ContentBindingType.VISITOR_DATA)
+
+    def test_gvs_video_id_binding_experiment(self, pot_request):
+        pot_request.context = PoTokenContext.GVS
+        pot_request._gvs_bind_to_video_id = True
+        assert get_webpo_content_binding(pot_request) == ('example-video-id', ContentBindingType.VIDEO_ID)

test/test_traversal.py

@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ class TestTraversal:
 
     def test_traversal_morsel(self):
         morsel = http.cookies.Morsel()
-        values = dict(zip(morsel, 'abcdefghijklmnop'))
+        values = dict(zip(morsel, 'abcdefghijklmnop', strict=False))
         morsel.set('item_key', 'item_value', 'coded_value')
         morsel.update(values)
         values['key'] = 'item_key'

test/test_utils.py

@@ -1863,7 +1863,7 @@ Line 1
 
         self.assertEqual(
             list(get_elements_text_and_html_by_attribute('class', 'foo bar', html)),
-            list(zip(['nice', 'also nice'], self.GET_ELEMENTS_BY_CLASS_RES)))
+            list(zip(['nice', 'also nice'], self.GET_ELEMENTS_BY_CLASS_RES, strict=True)))
         self.assertEqual(list(get_elements_text_and_html_by_attribute('class', 'foo', html)), [])
         self.assertEqual(list(get_elements_text_and_html_by_attribute('class', 'no-such-foo', html)), [])
 

yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py

@@ -2007,7 +2007,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
         else:
             entries = resolved_entries = list(entries)
             n_entries = len(resolved_entries)
-            ie_result['requested_entries'], ie_result['entries'] = tuple(zip(*resolved_entries)) or ([], [])
+            ie_result['requested_entries'], ie_result['entries'] = tuple(zip(*resolved_entries, strict=True)) or ([], [])
         if not ie_result.get('playlist_count'):
             # Better to do this after potentially exhausting entries
             ie_result['playlist_count'] = all_entries.get_full_count()
@@ -2785,7 +2785,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
 
         dummy_chapter = {'end_time': 0, 'start_time': info_dict.get('duration')}
         for idx, (prev, current, next_) in enumerate(zip(
-                (dummy_chapter, *chapters), chapters, (*chapters[1:], dummy_chapter)), 1):
+                (dummy_chapter, *chapters), chapters, (*chapters[1:], dummy_chapter), strict=False), 1):
             if current.get('start_time') is None:
                 current['start_time'] = prev.get('end_time')
             if not current.get('end_time'):
@@ -3370,7 +3370,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                 def existing_video_file(*filepaths):
                     ext = info_dict.get('ext')
                     converted = lambda file: replace_extension(file, self.params.get('final_ext') or ext, ext)
-                    file = self.existing_file(itertools.chain(*zip(map(converted, filepaths), filepaths)),
+                    file = self.existing_file(itertools.chain(*zip(map(converted, filepaths), filepaths, strict=True)),
                                               default_overwrite=False)
                     if file:
                         info_dict['ext'] = os.path.splitext(file)[1][1:]
@@ -3956,7 +3956,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
 
     def render_subtitles_table(self, video_id, subtitles):
         def _row(lang, formats):
-            exts, names = zip(*((f['ext'], f.get('name') or 'unknown') for f in reversed(formats)))
+            exts, names = zip(*((f['ext'], f.get('name') or 'unknown') for f in reversed(formats)), strict=True)
             if len(set(names)) == 1:
                 names = [] if names[0] == 'unknown' else names[:1]
             return [lang, ', '.join(names), ', '.join(exts)]
@@ -4112,8 +4112,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
                 self.params.get('cookiefile'), self.params.get('cookiesfrombrowser'), self)
         except CookieLoadError as error:
             cause = error.__context__
-            # compat: <=py3.9: `traceback.format_exception` has a different signature
+            self.report_error(str(cause), tb=''.join(traceback.format_exception(cause)))
-            self.report_error(str(cause), tb=''.join(traceback.format_exception(None, cause, cause.__traceback__)))
             raise
 
     @property

yt_dlp/__init__.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import sys
 
-if sys.version_info < (3, 9):
+if sys.version_info < (3, 10):
     raise ImportError(
-        f'You are using an unsupported version of Python. Only Python versions 3.9 and above are supported by yt-dlp')  # noqa: F541
+        f'You are using an unsupported version of Python. Only Python versions 3.10 and above are supported by yt-dlp')  # noqa: F541
 
 __license__ = 'The Unlicense'
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ def set_compat_opts(opts):
     if 'format-sort' in opts.compat_opts:
         opts.format_sort.extend(FormatSorter.ytdl_default)
     elif 'prefer-vp9-sort' in opts.compat_opts:
-        opts.format_sort.extend(FormatSorter._prefer_vp9_sort)
+        FormatSorter.default = FormatSorter._prefer_vp9_sort
 
     if 'mtime-by-default' in opts.compat_opts:
         if opts.updatetime is None:
@@ -974,13 +974,8 @@ def _real_main(argv=None):
 
         try:
             updater = Updater(ydl, opts.update_self)
-            if opts.update_self and updater.update() and actual_use:
+            if opts.update_self and updater.update() and actual_use and updater.cmd:
-                if updater.cmd:
+                return updater.restart()
-                    return updater.restart()
-                # This code is reachable only for zip variant in py < 3.10
-                # It makes sense to exit here, but the old behavior is to continue
-                ydl.report_warning('Restart yt-dlp to use the updated version')
-                # return 100, 'ERROR: The program must exit for the update to complete'
         except Exception:
             traceback.print_exc()
             ydl._download_retcode = 100

yt_dlp/aes.py

@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ def key_schedule_core(data, rcon_iteration):
 
 
 def xor(data1, data2):
-    return [x ^ y for x, y in zip(data1, data2)]
+    return [x ^ y for x, y in zip(data1, data2, strict=False)]
 
 
 def iter_mix_columns(data, matrix):

yt_dlp/compat/types.py

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-# flake8: noqa: F405
-from types import *  # noqa: F403
-
-from .compat_utils import passthrough_module
-
-passthrough_module(__name__, 'types')
-del passthrough_module
-
-try:
-    # NB: pypy has builtin NoneType, so checking NameError won't work
-    from types import NoneType  # >= 3.10
-except ImportError:
-    NoneType = type(None)

yt_dlp/compat/urllib/request.py

@@ -22,15 +22,11 @@ if os.name == 'nt':
 
     def getproxies_registry_patched():
         proxies = getproxies_registry()
-        if (
-            sys.version_info >= (3, 10, 5)  # https://docs.python.org/3.10/whatsnew/changelog.html#python-3-10-5-final
-            or (3, 9, 13) <= sys.version_info < (3, 10)  # https://docs.python.org/3.9/whatsnew/changelog.html#python-3-9-13-final
-        ):
-            return proxies
 
-        for scheme in ('https', 'ftp'):
+        if sys.version_info < (3, 10, 5):  # https://docs.python.org/3.10/whatsnew/changelog.html#python-3-10-5-final
-            if scheme in proxies and proxies[scheme].startswith(f'{scheme}://'):
+            for scheme in ('https', 'ftp'):
-                proxies[scheme] = 'http' + proxies[scheme][len(scheme):]
+                if scheme in proxies and proxies[scheme].startswith(f'{scheme}://'):
+                    proxies[scheme] = 'http' + proxies[scheme][len(scheme):]
 
         return proxies
 

yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py

@@ -337,6 +337,7 @@ from .cbc import (
     CBCGemIE,
     CBCGemLiveIE,
     CBCGemPlaylistIE,
+    CBCListenIE,
     CBCPlayerIE,
     CBCPlayerPlaylistIE,
 )
@@ -823,6 +824,13 @@ from .ichinanalive import (
     IchinanaLiveIE,
     IchinanaLiveVODIE,
 )
+from .idagio import (
+    IdagioAlbumIE,
+    IdagioPersonalPlaylistIE,
+    IdagioPlaylistIE,
+    IdagioRecordingIE,
+    IdagioTrackIE,
+)
 from .idolplus import IdolPlusIE
 from .ign import (
     IGNIE,

yt_dlp/extractor/abc.py

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 class ABCIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'abc.net.au'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?abc\.net\.au/(?:news|btn)/(?:[^/]+/){1,4}(?P<id>\d{5,})'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?abc\.net\.au/(?:news|btn|listen)/(?:[^/?#]+/){1,4}(?P<id>\d{5,})'
 
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-11-05/australia-to-staff-ebola-treatment-centre-in-sierra-leone/5868334',
@@ -53,8 +53,9 @@ class ABCIE(InfoExtractor):
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '6880080',
             'ext': 'mp3',
-            'title': 'NAB lifts interest rates, following Westpac and CBA',
+            'title': 'NAB lifts interest rates, following Westpac and CBA - ABC listen',
             'description': 'md5:f13d8edc81e462fce4a0437c7dc04728',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://live-production\.wcms\.abc-cdn\.net\.au/2193d7437c84b25eafd6360c82b5fa21',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-10-19/6866214',
@@ -64,8 +65,9 @@ class ABCIE(InfoExtractor):
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '10527914',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'WWI Centenary',
+            'title': 'WWI Centenary - Behind The News',
-            'description': 'md5:c2379ec0ca84072e86b446e536954546',
+            'description': 'md5:fa4405939ff750fade46ff0cd4c66a52',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://live-production\.wcms\.abc-cdn\.net\.au/bcc3433c97bf992dff32ec5a768713c9',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.abc.net.au/news/programs/the-world/2020-06-10/black-lives-matter-protests-spawn-support-for/12342074',
@@ -73,7 +75,8 @@ class ABCIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': '12342074',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Black Lives Matter protests spawn support for Papuans in Indonesia',
-            'description': 'md5:2961a17dc53abc558589ccd0fb8edd6f',
+            'description': 'md5:625257209f2d14ce23cb4e3785da9beb',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://live-production\.wcms\.abc-cdn\.net\.au/7ee6f190de6d7dbb04203e514bfae9ec',
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.abc.net.au/btn/newsbreak/btn-newsbreak-20200814/12560476',
@@ -93,7 +96,16 @@ class ABCIE(InfoExtractor):
             'title': 'Wagner Group retreating from Russia, leader Prigozhin to move to Belarus',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'description': 'Wagner troops leave Rostov-on-Don and\xa0Yevgeny Prigozhin will move to Belarus under a deal brokered by Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko to end the mutiny.',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://live-production.wcms.abc-cdn.net.au/0c170f5b57f0105c432f366c0e8e267b?impolicy=wcms_crop_resize&cropH=2813&cropW=5000&xPos=0&yPos=249&width=862&height=485',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://live-production\.wcm\.abc-cdn\.net\.au/0c170f5b57f0105c432f366c0e8e267b',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/the-followers-madness-of-two/presents-followers-madness-of-two/105697646',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '105697646',
+            'title': 'INTRODUCING — The Followers: Madness of Two - ABC listen',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'description': 'md5:2310cd0d440a4e01656abea15db8d1f3',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://live-production\.wcms\.abc-cdn\.net\.au/90d7078214e5d66553ffb7fcf0da0cda',
         },
     }]
 

yt_dlp/extractor/appleconnect.py

@@ -1,47 +1,125 @@
+import time
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import ExtractorError, str_to_int
+from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
+    extract_attributes,
+    float_or_none,
+    jwt_decode_hs256,
+    jwt_encode,
+    parse_resolution,
+    qualities,
+    unified_strdate,
+    update_url,
+    url_or_none,
+    urljoin,
+)
+from ..utils.traversal import (
+    find_element,
+    require,
+    traverse_obj,
+)
 
 
 class AppleConnectIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://itunes\.apple\.com/\w{0,2}/?post/(?:id)?sa\.(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    IE_NAME = 'apple:music:connect'
+    IE_DESC = 'Apple Music Connect'
+
+    _BASE_URL = 'https://music.apple.com'
+    _QUALITIES = {
+        'provisionalUploadVideo': None,
+        'sdVideo': 480,
+        'sdVideoWithPlusAudio': 480,
+        'sd480pVideo': 480,
+        '720pHdVideo': 720,
+        '1080pHdVideo': 1080,
+    }
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://music\.apple\.com/[\w-]+/post/(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://itunes.apple.com/us/post/idsa.4ab17a39-2720-11e5-96c5-a5b38f6c42d3',
+        'url': 'https://music.apple.com/us/post/1018290019',
-        'md5': 'c1d41f72c8bcaf222e089434619316e4',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '4ab17a39-2720-11e5-96c5-a5b38f6c42d3',
+            'id': '1018290019',
             'ext': 'm4v',
             'title': 'Energy',
-            'uploader': 'Drake',
+            'duration': 177.911,
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+\.png',
             'upload_date': '20150710',
-            'timestamp': 1436545535,
+            'uploader': 'Drake',
         },
     }, {
-        'url': 'https://itunes.apple.com/us/post/sa.0fe0229f-2457-11e5-9f40-1bb645f2d5d9',
+        'url': 'https://music.apple.com/us/post/1016746627',
-        'only_matching': True,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '1016746627',
+            'ext': 'm4v',
+            'title': 'Body Shop (Madonna) - Chellous Lima (Acoustic Cover)',
+            'duration': 210.278,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+\.png',
+            'upload_date': '20150706',
+            'uploader': 'Chellous Lima',
+        },
     }]
 
+    _jwt = None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _jwt_is_expired(token):
+        return jwt_decode_hs256(token)['exp'] - time.time() < 120
+
+    def _get_token(self, webpage, video_id):
+        if self._jwt and not self._jwt_is_expired(self._jwt):
+            return self._jwt
+
+        js_url = traverse_obj(webpage, (
+            {find_element(tag='script', attr='crossorigin', value='', html=True)},
+            {extract_attributes}, 'src', {urljoin(self._BASE_URL)}, {require('JS URL')}))
+        js = self._download_webpage(
+            js_url, video_id, 'Downloading token JS', 'Unable to download token JS')
+
+        header = jwt_encode({}, '', headers={'alg': 'ES256', 'kid': 'WebPlayKid'}).split('.')[0]
+        self._jwt = self._search_regex(
+            fr'(["\'])(?P<jwt>{header}(?:\.[\w-]+){{2}})\1', js, 'JSON Web Token', group='jwt')
+        if self._jwt_is_expired(self._jwt):
+            raise ExtractorError('The fetched token is already expired')
+
+        return self._jwt
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
-        try:
+        videos = self._download_json(
-            video_json = self._html_search_regex(
+            'https://amp-api.music.apple.com/v1/catalog/us/uploaded-videos',
-                r'class="auc-video-data">(\{.*?\})', webpage, 'json')
+            video_id, headers={
-        except ExtractorError:
+                'Authorization': f'Bearer {self._get_token(webpage, video_id)}',
-            raise ExtractorError('This post doesn\'t contain a video', expected=True)
+                'Origin': self._BASE_URL,
+            }, query={'ids': video_id, 'l': 'en-US'})
+        attributes = traverse_obj(videos, (
+            'data', ..., 'attributes', any, {require('video information')}))
 
-        video_data = self._parse_json(video_json, video_id)
+        formats = []
-        timestamp = str_to_int(self._html_search_regex(r'data-timestamp="(\d+)"', webpage, 'timestamp'))
+        quality = qualities(list(self._QUALITIES.keys()))
-        like_count = str_to_int(self._html_search_regex(r'(\d+) Loves', webpage, 'like count', default=None))
+        for format_id, src_url in traverse_obj(attributes, (
+            'assetTokens', {dict.items}, lambda _, v: url_or_none(v[1]),
+        )):
+            formats.append({
+                'ext': 'm4v',
+                'format_id': format_id,
+                'height': self._QUALITIES.get(format_id),
+                'quality': quality(format_id),
+                'url': src_url,
+                **parse_resolution(update_url(src_url, query=None), lenient=True),
+            })
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
-            'url': video_data['sslSrc'],
+            'formats': formats,
-            'title': video_data['title'],
+            'thumbnail': self._html_search_meta(
-            'description': video_data['description'],
+                ['og:image', 'og:image:secure_url', 'twitter:image'], webpage),
-            'uploader': video_data['artistName'],
+            **traverse_obj(attributes, {
-            'thumbnail': video_data['artworkUrl'],
+                'title': ('name', {str}),
-            'timestamp': timestamp,
+                'duration': ('durationInMilliseconds', {float_or_none(scale=1000)}),
-            'like_count': like_count,
+                'upload_date': ('uploadDate', {unified_strdate}),
+                'uploader': (('artistName', 'uploadingArtistName'), {str}, any),
+                'webpage_url': ('postUrl', {url_or_none}),
+            }),
         }

yt_dlp/extractor/archiveorg.py

@@ -740,7 +740,7 @@ class YoutubeWebArchiveIE(InfoExtractor):
             note or 'Downloading CDX API JSON', query=query, fatal=fatal)
         if isinstance(res, list) and len(res) >= 2:
             # format response to make it easier to use
-            return [dict(zip(res[0], v)) for v in res[1:]]
+            return [dict(zip(res[0], v)) for v in res[1:]]  # noqa: B905
         elif not isinstance(res, list) or len(res) != 0:
             self.report_warning('Error while parsing CDX API response' + bug_reports_message())
 

yt_dlp/extractor/cbc.py

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ from ..utils.traversal import require, traverse_obj, trim_str
 
 class CBCIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'cbc.ca'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cbc\.ca/(?!player/)(?:[^/]+/)+(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cbc\.ca/(?!player/|listen/|i/caffeine/syndicate/)(?:[^/?#]+/)+(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         # with mediaId
         'url': 'http://www.cbc.ca/22minutes/videos/clips-season-23/don-cherry-play-offs',
@@ -112,10 +112,6 @@ class CBCIE(InfoExtractor):
         'playlist_mincount': 6,
     }]
 
-    @classmethod
-    def suitable(cls, url):
-        return False if CBCPlayerIE.suitable(url) else super().suitable(url)
-
     def _extract_player_init(self, player_init, display_id):
         player_info = self._parse_json(player_init, display_id, js_to_json)
         media_id = player_info.get('mediaId')
@@ -913,3 +909,63 @@ class CBCGemLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'thumbnail': ('images', 'card', 'url'),
             }),
         }
+
+
+class CBCListenIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'cbc.ca:listen'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cbc\.ca/listen/(?:cbc-podcasts|live-radio)/[\w-]+/[\w-]+/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.cbc.ca/listen/cbc-podcasts/1353-the-naked-emperor/episode/16142603-introducing-understood-who-broke-the-internet',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '16142603',
+            'title': 'Introducing Understood: Who Broke the Internet?',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'description': 'md5:c605117500084e43f08a950adc6a708c',
+            'duration': 229,
+            'timestamp': 1745812800,
+            'release_timestamp': 1745827200,
+            'release_date': '20250428',
+            'upload_date': '20250428',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.cbc.ca/listen/live-radio/1-64-the-house/clip/16170773-should-canada-suck-stand-donald-trump',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '16170773',
+            'title': 'Should Canada suck up or stand up to Donald Trump?',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'description': 'md5:7385194f1cdda8df27ba3764b35e7976',
+            'duration': 3159,
+            'timestamp': 1758340800,
+            'release_timestamp': 1758254400,
+            'release_date': '20250919',
+            'upload_date': '20250920',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+
+        response = self._download_json(
+            f'https://www.cbc.ca/listen/api/v1/clips/{video_id}', video_id, fatal=False)
+        data = traverse_obj(response, ('data', {dict}))
+        if not data:
+            self.report_warning('API failed to return data. Falling back to webpage parsing')
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+            preloaded_state = self._search_json(
+                r'window\.__PRELOADED_STATE__\s*=', webpage, 'preloaded state',
+                video_id, transform_source=js_to_json)
+            data = traverse_obj(preloaded_state, (
+                ('podcastDetailData', 'showDetailData'), ..., 'episodes',
+                lambda _, v: str(v['clipID']) == video_id, any, {require('episode data')}))
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            **traverse_obj(data, {
+                'url': (('src', 'url'), {url_or_none}, any),
+                'title': ('title', {str}),
+                'description': ('description', {str}),
+                'release_timestamp': ('releasedAt', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
+                'timestamp': ('airdate', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
+                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
+            }),
+        }

yt_dlp/extractor/cellebrite.py

@@ -5,18 +5,6 @@ from ..utils import ExtractorError, make_archive_id, url_basename
 class CellebriteIE(VidyardBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://cellebrite\.com/(?:\w+)?/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
     _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://cellebrite.com/en/collect-data-from-android-devices-with-cellebrite-ufed/',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'ZqmUss3dQfEMGpauambPuH',
-            'display_id': '16025876',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Ask the Expert: Chat Capture - Collect Data from Android Devices in Cellebrite UFED',
-            'description': 'md5:dee48fe12bbae5c01fe6a053f7676da4',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://cellebrite.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Chat-Capture-1024x559.png',
-            'duration': 455.979,
-            '_old_archive_ids': ['cellebrite 16025876'],
-        },
-    }, {
         'url': 'https://cellebrite.com/en/how-to-lawfully-collect-the-maximum-amount-of-data-from-android-devices/',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'QV1U8a2yzcxigw7VFnqKyg',

yt_dlp/extractor/common.py

@@ -1663,7 +1663,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                 'end_time': part.get('endOffset'),
             } for part in variadic(e.get('hasPart') or []) if part.get('@type') == 'Clip']
             for idx, (last_c, current_c, next_c) in enumerate(zip(
-                    [{'end_time': 0}, *chapters], chapters, chapters[1:])):
+                    [{'end_time': 0}, *chapters], chapters, chapters[1:], strict=False)):
                 current_c['end_time'] = current_c['end_time'] or next_c['start_time']
                 current_c['start_time'] = current_c['start_time'] or last_c['end_time']
                 if None in current_c.values():
@@ -1848,7 +1848,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
             return {}
 
         args = dict(zip(arg_keys.split(','), map(json.dumps, self._parse_json(
-            f'[{arg_vals}]', video_id, transform_source=js_to_json, fatal=fatal) or ())))
+            f'[{arg_vals}]', video_id, transform_source=js_to_json, fatal=fatal) or ()), strict=True))
 
         ret = self._parse_json(js, video_id, transform_source=functools.partial(js_to_json, vars=args), fatal=fatal)
         return traverse_obj(ret, traverse) or {}

yt_dlp/extractor/dropout.py

@@ -18,15 +18,15 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 
 class DropoutIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _LOGIN_URL = 'https://www.dropout.tv/login'
+    _LOGIN_URL = 'https://watch.dropout.tv/login'
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'dropout'
 
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?dropout\.tv/(?:[^/]+/)*videos/(?P<id>[^/]+)/?$'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:watch\.)?dropout\.tv/(?:[^/?#]+/)*videos/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)/?(?:[?#]|$)'
     _TESTS = [
         {
-            'url': 'https://www.dropout.tv/game-changer/season:2/videos/yes-or-no',
+            'url': 'https://watch.dropout.tv/game-changer/season:2/videos/yes-or-no',
             'note': 'Episode in a series',
-            'md5': '5e000fdfd8d8fa46ff40456f1c2af04a',
+            'md5': '4b76963f904f8bc4ba22dcf0e66ada06',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '738153',
                 'display_id': 'yes-or-no',
@@ -45,35 +45,35 @@ class DropoutIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'uploader_url': 'https://vimeo.com/user80538407',
                 'uploader': 'OTT Videos',
             },
-            'expected_warnings': ['Ignoring subtitle tracks found in the HLS manifest'],
+            'expected_warnings': ['Ignoring subtitle tracks found in the HLS manifest', 'Failed to parse XML: not well-formed'],
         },
         {
-            'url': 'https://www.dropout.tv/dimension-20-fantasy-high/season:1/videos/episode-1',
+            'url': 'https://watch.dropout.tv/tablepop-presents-megadungeon-live/season:1/videos/enter-through-the-gift-shop',
             'note': 'Episode in a series (missing release_date)',
-            'md5': '712caf7c191f1c47c8f1879520c2fa5c',
+            'md5': 'b08fb03050585ea25cd7ee092db9134c',
             'info_dict': {
-                'id': '320562',
+                'id': '624270',
-                'display_id': 'episode-1',
+                'display_id': 'enter-through-the-gift-shop',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'The Beginning Begins',
+                'title': 'Enter Through the Gift Shop',
-                'description': 'The cast introduces their PCs, including a neurotic elf, a goblin PI, and a corn-worshipping cleric.',
+                'description': 'A new adventuring party explores a gift shop and runs into a friendly orc -- and some angry goblins.',
-                'thumbnail': 'https://vhx.imgix.net/chuncensoredstaging/assets/4421ed0d-f630-4c88-9004-5251b2b8adfa.jpg',
+                'thumbnail': 'https://vhx.imgix.net/chuncensoredstaging/assets/a1d876c3-3dee-4cd0-87c6-27a851b1d0ec.jpg',
-                'series': 'Dimension 20: Fantasy High',
+                'series': 'TablePop Presents: MEGADUNGEON LIVE!',
                 'season_number': 1,
                 'season': 'Season 1',
                 'episode_number': 1,
-                'episode': 'The Beginning Begins',
+                'episode': 'Enter Through the Gift Shop',
-                'duration': 6838,
+                'duration': 7101,
                 'uploader_id': 'user80538407',
                 'uploader_url': 'https://vimeo.com/user80538407',
                 'uploader': 'OTT Videos',
             },
-            'expected_warnings': ['Ignoring subtitle tracks found in the HLS manifest'],
+            'expected_warnings': ['Ignoring subtitle tracks found in the HLS manifest', 'Failed to parse XML: not well-formed'],
         },
         {
-            'url': 'https://www.dropout.tv/videos/misfits-magic-holiday-special',
+            'url': 'https://watch.dropout.tv/videos/misfits-magic-holiday-special',
             'note': 'Episode not in a series',
-            'md5': 'c30fa18999c5880d156339f13c953a26',
+            'md5': '1e6428f7756b02c93b573d39ddd789fe',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': '1915774',
                 'display_id': 'misfits-magic-holiday-special',
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ class DropoutIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'uploader_url': 'https://vimeo.com/user80538407',
                 'uploader': 'OTT Videos',
             },
-            'expected_warnings': ['Ignoring subtitle tracks found in the HLS manifest'],
+            'expected_warnings': ['Ignoring subtitle tracks found in the HLS manifest', 'Failed to parse XML: not well-formed'],
         },
     ]
 
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ class DropoutIE(InfoExtractor):
         display_id = self._match_id(url)
 
         webpage = None
-        if self._get_cookies('https://www.dropout.tv').get('_session'):
+        if self._get_cookies('https://watch.dropout.tv').get('_session'):
             webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
         if not webpage or '<div id="watch-unauthorized"' in webpage:
             login_err = self._login(display_id)
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ class DropoutIE(InfoExtractor):
         return {
             '_type': 'url_transparent',
             'ie_key': VHXEmbedIE.ie_key(),
-            'url': VHXEmbedIE._smuggle_referrer(embed_url, 'https://www.dropout.tv'),
+            'url': VHXEmbedIE._smuggle_referrer(embed_url, 'https://watch.dropout.tv'),
             'id': self._search_regex(r'embed\.vhx\.tv/videos/(.+?)\?', embed_url, 'id'),
             'display_id': display_id,
             'title': title,
@@ -167,10 +167,10 @@ class DropoutIE(InfoExtractor):
 
 class DropoutSeasonIE(InfoExtractor):
     _PAGE_SIZE = 24
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?dropout\.tv/(?P<id>[^\/$&?#]+)(?:/?$|/season:(?P<season>[0-9]+)/?$)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:watch\.)?dropout\.tv/(?P<id>[^\/$&?#]+)(?:/?$|/season:(?P<season>[0-9]+)/?$)'
     _TESTS = [
         {
-            'url': 'https://www.dropout.tv/dimension-20-fantasy-high/season:1',
+            'url': 'https://watch.dropout.tv/dimension-20-fantasy-high/season:1',
             'note': 'Multi-season series with the season in the url',
             'playlist_count': 24,
             'info_dict': {
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ class DropoutSeasonIE(InfoExtractor):
             },
         },
         {
-            'url': 'https://www.dropout.tv/dimension-20-fantasy-high',
+            'url': 'https://watch.dropout.tv/dimension-20-fantasy-high',
             'note': 'Multi-season series with the season not in the url',
             'playlist_count': 24,
             'info_dict': {
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ class DropoutSeasonIE(InfoExtractor):
             },
         },
         {
-            'url': 'https://www.dropout.tv/dimension-20-shriek-week',
+            'url': 'https://watch.dropout.tv/dimension-20-shriek-week',
             'note': 'Single-season series',
             'playlist_count': 4,
             'info_dict': {
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ class DropoutSeasonIE(InfoExtractor):
             },
         },
         {
-            'url': 'https://www.dropout.tv/breaking-news-no-laugh-newsroom/season:3',
+            'url': 'https://watch.dropout.tv/breaking-news-no-laugh-newsroom/season:3',
             'note': 'Multi-season series with season in the url that requires pagination',
             'playlist_count': 25,
             'info_dict': {

yt_dlp/extractor/dtube.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import json
-import socket
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ class DTubeIE(InfoExtractor):
             try:
                 self.to_screen(f'{video_id}: Checking {format_id} video format URL')
                 self._downloader._opener.open(video_url, timeout=5).close()
-            except socket.timeout:
+            except TimeoutError:
                 self.to_screen(
                     f'{video_id}: {format_id} URL is invalid, skipping')
                 continue

yt_dlp/extractor/fujitv.py

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class FujiTVFODPlus7IE(InfoExtractor):
             fmt, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(src['url'], video_id, 'ts')
             for f in fmt:
                 f.update(dict(zip(('height', 'width'),
-                                  self._BITRATE_MAP.get(f.get('tbr'), ()))))
+                                  self._BITRATE_MAP.get(f.get('tbr'), ()), strict=False)))
             formats.extend(fmt)
             subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
 

yt_dlp/extractor/idagio.py

@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..utils import int_or_none, unified_timestamp, url_or_none
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
+
+
+class IdagioTrackIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?app\.idagio\.com(?:/[a-z]{2})?/recordings/\d+\?(?:[^#]+&)?trackId=(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://app.idagio.com/recordings/30576934?trackId=30576943',
+        'md5': '15148bd71804b2450a2508931a116b56',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '30576943',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'Theme. Andante',
+            'duration': 82,
+            'composers': ['Edward Elgar'],
+            'artists': ['Vasily Petrenko', 'Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra'],
+            'genres': ['Orchestral', 'Other Orchestral Music'],
+            'track': 'Theme. Andante',
+            'timestamp': 1554474370,
+            'upload_date': '20190405',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://app.idagio.com/recordings/20514467?trackId=20514478&utm_source=pcl',
+        'md5': '3acef2ea0feadf889123b70e5a1e7fa7',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '20514478',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'I. Adagio sostenuto',
+            'duration': 316,
+            'composers': ['Ludwig van Beethoven'],
+            'genres': ['Keyboard', 'Sonata (Keyboard)'],
+            'track': 'I. Adagio sostenuto',
+            'timestamp': 1518076337,
+            'upload_date': '20180208',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://app.idagio.com/de/recordings/20514467?trackId=20514478&utm_source=pcl',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        track_id = self._match_id(url)
+        track_info = self._download_json(
+            f'https://api.idagio.com/v2.0/metadata/tracks/{track_id}',
+            track_id, fatal=False, expected_status=406)
+        if traverse_obj(track_info, 'error_code') == 'idagio.error.blocked.location':
+            self.raise_geo_restricted()
+
+        content_info = self._download_json(
+            f'https://api.idagio.com/v1.8/content/track/{track_id}', track_id,
+            query={
+                'quality': '0',
+                'format': '2',
+                'client_type': 'web-4',
+            })
+
+        return {
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'vcodec': 'none',
+            'id': track_id,
+            'url': traverse_obj(content_info, ('url', {url_or_none})),
+            **traverse_obj(track_info, ('result', {
+                'title': ('piece', 'title', {str}),
+                'timestamp': ('recording', 'created_at', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
+                'location': ('recording', 'location', {str}),
+                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
+                'track': ('piece', 'title', {str}),
+                'artists': ('recording', ('conductor', ('ensembles', ...), ('soloists', ...)), 'name', {str}, filter),
+                'composers': ('piece', 'workpart', 'work', 'composer', 'name', {str}, filter, all, filter),
+                'genres': ('piece', 'workpart', 'work', ('genre', 'subgenre'), 'title', {str}, filter),
+            })),
+        }
+
+
+class IdagioPlaylistBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    """Subclasses must set _API_URL_TMPL and define _parse_playlist_metadata"""
+    _PLAYLIST_ID_KEY = 'id'  # vs. 'display_id'
+
+    def _entries(self, playlist_info):
+        for track_data in traverse_obj(playlist_info, ('tracks', lambda _, v: v['id'] and v['recording']['id'])):
+            track_id = track_data['id']
+            recording_id = track_data['recording']['id']
+            yield self.url_result(
+                f'https://app.idagio.com/recordings/{recording_id}?trackId={track_id}',
+                ie=IdagioTrackIE, video_id=track_id)
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
+        playlist_info = self._download_json(
+            self._API_URL_TMPL.format(playlist_id), playlist_id)['result']
+
+        return {
+            '_type': 'playlist',
+            self._PLAYLIST_ID_KEY: playlist_id,
+            'entries': self._entries(playlist_info),
+            **self._parse_playlist_metadata(playlist_info),
+        }
+
+
+class IdagioRecordingIE(IdagioPlaylistBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?app\.idagio\.com(?:/[a-z]{2})?/recordings/(?P<id>\d+)(?![^#]*[&?]trackId=\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://app.idagio.com/recordings/30576934',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '30576934',
+            'title': 'Variations on an Original Theme op. 36',
+            'composers': ['Edward Elgar'],
+            'artists': ['Vasily Petrenko', 'Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra'],
+            'genres': ['Orchestral', 'Other Orchestral Music'],
+            'timestamp': 1554474370,
+            'modified_timestamp': 1554474370,
+            'modified_date': '20190405',
+            'upload_date': '20190405',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 15,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://app.idagio.com/de/recordings/20514467',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '20514467',
+            'title': 'Sonata for Piano No. 14 in C sharp minor op. 27/2',
+            'composers': ['Ludwig van Beethoven'],
+            'genres': ['Keyboard', 'Sonata (Keyboard)'],
+            'timestamp': 1518076337,
+            'upload_date': '20180208',
+            'modified_timestamp': 1518076337,
+            'modified_date': '20180208',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 3,
+    }]
+    _API_URL_TMPL = 'https://api.idagio.com/v2.0/metadata/recordings/{}'
+
+    def _parse_playlist_metadata(self, playlist_info):
+        return traverse_obj(playlist_info, {
+            'title': ('work', 'title', {str}),
+            'timestamp': ('created_at', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
+            'modified_timestamp': ('created_at', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
+            'location': ('location', {str}),
+            'artists': (('conductor', ('ensembles', ...), ('soloists', ...)), 'name', {str}),
+            'composers': ('work', 'composer', 'name', {str}, all),
+            'genres': ('work', ('genre', 'subgenre'), 'title', {str}),
+            'tags': ('tags', ..., {str}),
+        })
+
+
+class IdagioAlbumIE(IdagioPlaylistBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?app\.idagio\.com(?:/[a-z]{2})?/albums/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://app.idagio.com/albums/elgar-enigma-variations-in-the-south-serenade-for-strings',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'a9f139b8-f70d-4b8a-a9a4-5fe8d35eaf9c',
+            'display_id': 'elgar-enigma-variations-in-the-south-serenade-for-strings',
+            'title': 'Elgar: Enigma Variations, In the South, Serenade for Strings',
+            'description': '',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+/albums/880040420521/main\.jpg',
+            'artists': ['Vasily Petrenko', 'Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra', 'Edward Elgar'],
+            'timestamp': 1553817600,
+            'upload_date': '20190329',
+            'modified_timestamp': 1562566559.0,
+            'modified_date': '20190708',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 19,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://app.idagio.com/de/albums/brahms-ein-deutsches-requiem-3B403DF6-62D7-4A42-807B-47173F3E0192',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '2862ad4e-4a61-45ad-9ce4-7fcf0c2626fe',
+            'display_id': 'brahms-ein-deutsches-requiem-3B403DF6-62D7-4A42-807B-47173F3E0192',
+            'title': 'Brahms: Ein deutsches Requiem',
+            'description': 'GRAMOPHONE CLASSICAL MUSIC AWARDS 2025 Recording of the Year & Choral',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+/albums/3149020954522/main\.jpg',
+            'artists': ['Sabine Devieilhe', 'Stéphane Degout', 'Raphaël Pichon', 'Pygmalion', 'Johannes Brahms'],
+            'timestamp': 1760054400,
+            'upload_date': '20251010',
+            'modified_timestamp': 1760624868,
+            'modified_date': '20251016',
+            'tags': ['recommended', 'recent-release'],
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 7,
+    }]
+    _API_URL_TMPL = 'https://api.idagio.com/v2.0/metadata/albums/{}'
+    _PLAYLIST_ID_KEY = 'display_id'
+
+    def _parse_playlist_metadata(self, playlist_info):
+        return traverse_obj(playlist_info, {
+            'id': ('id', {str}),
+            'title': ('title', {str}),
+            'timestamp': ('publishDate', {unified_timestamp}),
+            'modified_timestamp': ('lastModified', {unified_timestamp}),
+            'thumbnail': ('imageUrl', {url_or_none}),
+            'description': ('description', {str}),
+            'artists': ('participants', ..., 'name', {str}),
+            'tags': ('tags', ..., {str}),
+        })
+
+
+class IdagioPlaylistIE(IdagioPlaylistBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?app\.idagio\.com(?:/[a-z]{2})?/playlists/(?!personal/)(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://app.idagio.com/playlists/beethoven-the-most-beautiful-piano-music',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '31652bec-8c5b-460e-a3f0-cf1f69817f53',
+            'display_id': 'beethoven-the-most-beautiful-piano-music',
+            'title': 'Beethoven: the most beautiful piano music',
+            'description': 'md5:d41bb04b8896bb69377f5c2cd9345ad1',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+/playlists/31652bec-8c5b-460e-a3f0-cf1f69817f53/main\.jpg',
+            'creators': ['IDAGIO'],
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 16,  # one entry is geo-restricted
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://app.idagio.com/de/playlists/piano-music-for-an-autumn-day',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'd70e9c7f-7080-4308-ae0f-f890dddeda82',
+            'display_id': 'piano-music-for-an-autumn-day',
+            'title': 'Piano Music for an Autumn Day',
+            'description': 'Get ready to snuggle up and enjoy all the musical colours of this cosy, autumnal playlist.',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+/playlists/d70e9c7f-7080-4308-ae0f-f890dddeda82/main\.jpg',
+            'creators': ['IDAGIO'],
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 35,
+    }]
+    _API_URL_TMPL = 'https://api.idagio.com/v2.0/playlists/{}'
+    _PLAYLIST_ID_KEY = 'display_id'
+
+    def _parse_playlist_metadata(self, playlist_info):
+        return traverse_obj(playlist_info, {
+            'id': ('id', {str}),
+            'title': ('title', {str}),
+            'thumbnail': ('imageUrl', {url_or_none}),
+            'description': ('description', {str}),
+            'creators': ('curator', 'name', {str}, all),
+        })
+
+
+class IdagioPersonalPlaylistIE(IdagioPlaylistBaseIE):
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?app\.idagio\.com(?:/[a-z]{2})?/playlists/personal/(?P<id>[\da-f-]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://app.idagio.com/playlists/personal/99dad72e-7b3a-45a4-b216-867c08046ed8',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '99dad72e-7b3a-45a4-b216-867c08046ed8',
+            'title': 'Test',
+            'creators': ['1a6f16a6-4514-4d0c-b481-3a9877835626'],
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+/artists/86371/main\.jpg',
+            'timestamp': 1602859138,
+            'modified_timestamp': 1755616667,
+            'upload_date': '20201016',
+            'modified_date': '20250819',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 100,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://app.idagio.com/de/playlists/personal/99dad72e-7b3a-45a4-b216-867c08046ed8',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
+    _API_URL_TMPL = 'https://api.idagio.com/v1.0/personal-playlists/{}'
+
+    def _parse_playlist_metadata(self, playlist_info):
+        return traverse_obj(playlist_info, {
+            'title': ('title', {str}),
+            'thumbnail': ('image_url', {url_or_none}),
+            'creators': ('user_id', {str}, all),
+            'timestamp': ('created_at', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
+            'modified_timestamp': ('updated_at', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
+        })

yt_dlp/extractor/kaltura.py

@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ class KalturaIE(InfoExtractor):
                 params = urllib.parse.parse_qs(query)
             if path:
                 splitted_path = path.split('/')
-                params.update(dict(zip(splitted_path[::2], [[v] for v in splitted_path[1::2]])))
+                params.update(dict(zip(splitted_path[::2], [[v] for v in splitted_path[1::2]])))  # noqa: B905
             if 'wid' in params:
                 partner_id = remove_start(params['wid'][0], '_')
             elif 'p' in params:

yt_dlp/extractor/lynda.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import itertools
 import re
 import urllib.parse
 
@@ -216,7 +217,7 @@ class LyndaIE(LyndaBaseIE):
     def _fix_subtitles(self, subs):
         srt = ''
         seq_counter = 0
-        for seq_current, seq_next in zip(subs, subs[1:]):
+        for seq_current, seq_next in itertools.pairwise(subs):
             m_current = re.match(self._TIMECODE_REGEX, seq_current['Timecode'])
             if m_current is None:
                 continue

yt_dlp/extractor/mojevideo.py

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class MojevideoIE(InfoExtractor):
             contains_pattern=r'\[(?s:.+)\]', transform_source=js_to_json)
 
         formats = []
-        for video_hash, (suffix, quality, format_note) in zip(video_hashes, [
+        for video_hash, (suffix, quality, format_note) in zip(video_hashes, [  # noqa: B905
             ('', 1, 'normálna kvalita'),
             ('_lq', 0, 'nízka kvalita'),
             ('_hd', 2, 'HD-720p'),

yt_dlp/extractor/musescore.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import hashlib
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 
 
@@ -9,10 +11,10 @@ class MuseScoreIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': '142975',
             'ext': 'mp3',
             'title': 'WA Mozart Marche Turque (Turkish March fingered)',
-            'description': 'md5:7ede08230e4eaabd67a4a98bb54d07be',
+            'description': 'md5:0ca4cf6b79d7f5868a1fee74097394ab',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?musescore\.com/.*\.png[^$]+',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://cdn\.ustatik\.com/musescore/.*\.jpg',
             'uploader': 'PapyPiano',
-            'creator': 'Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart',
+            'creators': ['Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart'],
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://musescore.com/user/36164500/scores/6837638',
@@ -20,10 +22,10 @@ class MuseScoreIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': '6837638',
             'ext': 'mp3',
             'title': 'Sweet Child O\' Mine  – Guns N\' Roses sweet child',
-            'description': 'md5:4dca71191c14abc312a0a4192492eace',
+            'description': 'md5:2cd49bd6b4e48a75a3c469d4775d5079',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?musescore\.com/.*\.png[^$]+',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://cdn\.ustatik\.com/musescore/.*\.png',
             'uploader': 'roxbelviolin',
-            'creator': 'Guns N´Roses Arr. Roxbel Violin',
+            'creators': ['Guns N´Roses Arr. Roxbel Violin'],
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://musescore.com/classicman/fur-elise',
@@ -31,22 +33,28 @@ class MuseScoreIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': '33816',
             'ext': 'mp3',
             'title': 'Für Elise – Beethoven',
-            'description': 'md5:49515a3556d5ecaf9fa4b2514064ac34',
+            'description': 'md5:e37b241c0280b33e9ac25651b815d06e',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?musescore\.com/.*\.png[^$]+',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://cdn\.ustatik\.com/musescore/.*\.jpg',
             'uploader': 'ClassicMan',
-            'creator': 'Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827)',
+            'creators': ['Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827)'],
         },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://musescore.com/minh_cuteee/scores/6555384',
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _generate_auth_token(video_id):
+        return hashlib.md5((video_id + 'mp30gs').encode()).hexdigest()[:4]
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, None)
         url = self._og_search_url(webpage) or url
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        mp3_url = self._download_json(f'https://musescore.com/api/jmuse?id={video_id}&index=0&type=mp3&v2=1', video_id,
+        mp3_url = self._download_json(
-                                      headers={'authorization': '63794e5461e4cfa046edfbdddfccc1ac16daffd2'})['info']['url']
+            'https://musescore.com/api/jmuse', video_id,
+            headers={'authorization': self._generate_auth_token(video_id)},
+            query={'id': video_id, 'index': '0', 'type': 'mp3'})['info']['url']
         formats = [{
             'url': mp3_url,
             'ext': 'mp3',
@@ -57,7 +65,7 @@ class MuseScoreIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': video_id,
             'formats': formats,
             'title': self._og_search_title(webpage),
-            'description': self._og_search_description(webpage),
+            'description': self._html_search_meta('description', webpage, 'description'),
             'thumbnail': self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage),
             'uploader': self._html_search_meta('musescore:author', webpage, 'uploader'),
             'creator': self._html_search_meta('musescore:composer', webpage, 'composer'),

yt_dlp/extractor/nhk.py

@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ class NhkForSchoolBangumiIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'start_time': s,
                 'end_time': e,
                 'title': t,
-            } for s, e, t in zip(start_time, end_time, chapter_titles)]
+            } for s, e, t in zip(start_time, end_time, chapter_titles, strict=True)]
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,

yt_dlp/extractor/pbs.py

@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ class PBSIE(InfoExtractor):
     )
 
     IE_NAME = 'pbs'
-    IE_DESC = 'Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) and member stations: {}'.format(', '.join(list(zip(*_STATIONS))[1]))
+    IE_DESC = 'Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) and member stations: {}'.format(', '.join(list(zip(*_STATIONS, strict=True))[1]))
 
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)https?://
         (?:
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ class PBSIE(InfoExtractor):
               (?:[^/?#]+/){{1,5}}(?P<presumptive_id>[^/?#]+?)(?:\.html)?/?(?:$|[?#])
             )
         )
-    '''.format('|'.join(next(zip(*_STATIONS))))
+    '''.format('|'.join(next(zip(*_STATIONS, strict=True))))
 
     _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['US']
 

yt_dlp/extractor/polskieradio.py

@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ class PolskieRadioCategoryIE(InfoExtractor):
                 tab_content = self._download_json(
                     'https://www.polskieradio.pl/CMS/TemplateBoxesManagement/TemplateBoxTabContent.aspx/GetTabContent',
                     category_id, f'Downloading page {page_num}', headers={'content-type': 'application/json'},
-                    data=json.dumps(dict(zip((
+                    data=json.dumps(dict(zip((  # noqa: B905
                         'boxInstanceId', 'tabId', 'categoryType', 'sectionId', 'categoryId', 'pagerMode',
                         'subjectIds', 'tagIndexId', 'queryString', 'name', 'openArticlesInParentTemplate',
                         'idSectionFromUrl', 'maxDocumentAge', 'showCategoryForArticle', 'pageNumber',

yt_dlp/extractor/pr0gramm.py

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class Pr0grammIE(InfoExtractor):
         # Sorted by "confidence", higher confidence = earlier in list
         confidences = traverse_obj(metadata, ('tags', ..., 'confidence', ({int}, {float})))
         if confidences:
-            tags = [tag for _, tag in sorted(zip(confidences, tags), reverse=True)]
+            tags = [tag for _, tag in sorted(zip(confidences, tags), reverse=True)]  # noqa: B905
 
         formats = traverse_obj(video_info, ('variants', ..., {
             'format_id': ('name', {str}),

yt_dlp/extractor/prankcast.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import json
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import float_or_none, parse_iso8601, str_or_none, try_call
+from ..utils import float_or_none, parse_iso8601, str_or_none, try_call, url_or_none
-from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj, value
 
 
 class PrankCastIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -100,9 +100,38 @@ class PrankCastPostIE(InfoExtractor):
             'duration': 263.287,
             'cast': ['despicabledogs'],
             'description': 'https://imgur.com/a/vtxLvKU',
-            'categories': [],
             'upload_date': '20240104',
         },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://prankcast.com/drtomservo/posts/11988-butteye-s-late-night-stank-episode-1-part-1-',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '11988',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'Butteye\'s Late Night Stank Episode 1 (Part 1)',
+            'display_id': 'butteye-s-late-night-stank-episode-1-part-1-',
+            'timestamp': 1754238686,
+            'uploader': 'DrTomServo',
+            'channel_id': '136',
+            'duration': 2176.464,
+            'cast': ['DrTomServo'],
+            'description': '',
+            'upload_date': '20250803',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://prankcast.com/drtomservo/posts/12105-butteye-s-late-night-stank-episode-08-16-2025-part-2',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '12105',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'Butteye\'s Late Night Stank Episode 08-16-2025 Part 2',
+            'display_id': 'butteye-s-late-night-stank-episode-08-16-2025-part-2',
+            'timestamp': 1755453505,
+            'uploader': 'DrTomServo',
+            'channel_id': '136',
+            'duration': 19018.392,
+            'cast': ['DrTomServo'],
+            'description': '',
+            'upload_date': '20250817',
+        },
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
@@ -112,26 +141,28 @@ class PrankCastPostIE(InfoExtractor):
         post = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, video_id)['props']['pageProps']['ssr_data_posts']
         content = self._parse_json(post['post_contents_json'], video_id)[0]
 
-        uploader = post.get('user_name')
-        guests_json = traverse_obj(content, ('guests_json', {json.loads}, {dict})) or {}
-
         return {
             'id': video_id,
-            'title': post.get('post_title') or self._og_search_title(webpage),
             'display_id': display_id,
-            'url': content.get('url'),
+            'title': self._og_search_title(webpage),
-            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(content.get('start_date') or content.get('crdate'), ' '),
+            **traverse_obj(post, {
-            'uploader': uploader,
+                'title': ('post_title', {str}),
-            'channel_id': str_or_none(post.get('user_id')),
+                'description': ('post_body', {str}),
-            'duration': float_or_none(content.get('duration')),
+                'tags': ('post_tags', {lambda x: x.split(',')}, ..., {str.strip}, filter),
-            'cast': list(filter(None, [uploader, *traverse_obj(guests_json, (..., 'name'))])),
+                'channel_id': ('user_id', {int}, {str_or_none}),
-            'description': post.get('post_body'),
+                'uploader': ('user_name', {str}),
-            'categories': list(filter(None, [content.get('category')])),
+            }),
-            'tags': try_call(lambda: list(filter('', post['post_tags'].split(',')))),
+            **traverse_obj(content, {
-            'subtitles': {
+                'url': (('secure_url', 'url'), {url_or_none}, any),
-                'live_chat': [{
+                'timestamp': ((
-                    'url': f'https://prankcast.com/api/private/chat/select-broadcast?id={post["content_id"]}&cache=',
+                    (('start_date', 'crdate'), {parse_iso8601(delimiter=' ')}),
-                    'ext': 'json',
+                    ('created_at', {parse_iso8601}),
-                }],
+                ), any),
-            } if post.get('content_id') else None,
+                'duration': ('duration', {float_or_none}),
+                'categories': ('category', {str}, filter, all, filter),
+                'cast': ((
+                    {value(post.get('user_name'))},
+                    ('guests_json', {json.loads}, ..., 'name'),
+                ), {str}, filter),
+            }),
         }

yt_dlp/extractor/slideslive.py

@@ -248,35 +248,17 @@ class SlidesLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
             'skip_download': 'm3u8',
         },
     }, {
-        # /v3/ slides, .jpg and .png, service_name = youtube
+        # /v3/ slides, .jpg and .png, formerly service_name = youtube, now native
         'url': 'https://slideslive.com/embed/38932460/',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'RTPdrgkyTiE',
+            'id': '38932460',
-            'display_id': '38932460',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Active Learning for Hierarchical Multi-Label Classification',
-            'description': 'Watch full version of this video at https://slideslive.com/38932460.',
+            'duration': 941,
-            'channel': 'SlidesLive Videos - A',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.(?:jpg|png)',
-            'channel_id': 'UC62SdArr41t_-_fX40QCLRw',
-            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC62SdArr41t_-_fX40QCLRw',
-            'uploader': 'SlidesLive Videos - A',
-            'uploader_id': '@slideslivevideos-a6075',
-            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@slideslivevideos-a6075',
-            'upload_date': '20200903',
-            'timestamp': 1697805922,
-            'duration': 942,
-            'age_limit': 0,
-            'live_status': 'not_live',
-            'playable_in_embed': True,
-            'availability': 'unlisted',
-            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
-            'tags': [],
-            'channel_follower_count': int,
-            'like_count': int,
-            'view_count': int,
-            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.(?:jpg|png|webp)',
-            'thumbnails': 'count:21',
             'chapters': 'count:20',
+            'timestamp': 1708338974,
+            'upload_date': '20240219',
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': 'm3u8',
@@ -425,7 +407,7 @@ class SlidesLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         player_token = self._search_regex(r'data-player-token="([^"]+)"', webpage, 'player token')
         player_data = self._download_webpage(
-            f'https://ben.slideslive.com/player/{video_id}', video_id,
+            f'https://slideslive.com/player/{video_id}', video_id,
             note='Downloading player info', query={'player_token': player_token})
         player_info = self._extract_custom_m3u8_info(player_data)
 
@@ -525,7 +507,7 @@ class SlidesLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
             yield info
 
             service_data = self._download_json(
-                f'https://ben.slideslive.com/player/{video_id}/slides_video_service_data',
+                f'https://slideslive.com/player/{video_id}/slides_video_service_data',
                 video_id, fatal=False, query={
                     'player_token': player_token,
                     'videos': ','.join(video_slides),

yt_dlp/extractor/soundcloud.py

@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ class SoundcloudIE(SoundcloudBaseIE):
                             (?P<title>[\w\d-]+)
                             (?:/(?P<token>(?!(?:albums|sets|recommended))[^?]+?))?
                             (?:[?].*)?$)
-                       |(?:api(?:-v2)?\.soundcloud\.com/tracks/(?P<track_id>\d+)
+                       |(?:api(?:-v2)?\.soundcloud\.com/tracks/(?:soundcloud%3Atracks%3A)?(?P<track_id>\d+)
                           (?:/?\?secret_token=(?P<secret_token>[^&]+))?)
                     )
                     '''
@@ -692,6 +692,9 @@ class SoundcloudIE(SoundcloudBaseIE):
         # Go+ (account with active subscription needed)
         'url': 'https://soundcloud.com/taylorswiftofficial/look-what-you-made-me-do',
         'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/soundcloud%3Atracks%3A1083788353',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):

yt_dlp/extractor/tenplay.py

@@ -1,12 +1,20 @@
+import base64
+import datetime as dt
 import itertools
+import json
+import re
+import time
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..networking import HEADRequest
+from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
+    encode_data_uri,
+    filter_dict,
     int_or_none,
-    update_url_query,
+    jwt_decode_hs256,
     url_or_none,
+    urlencode_postdata,
     urljoin,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
@@ -90,7 +98,7 @@ class TenPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
     _GEO_BYPASS = False
-
+    _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['AU']
     _AUS_AGES = {
         'G': 0,
         'PG': 15,
@@ -100,31 +108,155 @@ class TenPlayIE(InfoExtractor):
         'R': 18,
         'X': 18,
     }
+    _TOKEN_CACHE_KEY = 'token_data'
+    _SEGMENT_BITRATE_RE = r'(?m)-(?:300|150|75|55)0000-(\d+(?:-[\da-f]+)?)\.ts$'
+
+    _refresh_token = None
+    _access_token = None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _filter_ads_from_m3u8(m3u8_doc):
+        out = []
+        for line in m3u8_doc.splitlines():
+            if line.startswith('https://redirector.googlevideo.com/'):
+                out.pop()
+                continue
+            out.append(line)
+
+        return '\n'.join(out)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _generate_xnetwork_ten_auth_token():
+        ts = dt.datetime.now(dt.timezone.utc).strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')
+        return base64.b64encode(ts.encode()).decode()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _is_jwt_expired(token):
+        return jwt_decode_hs256(token)['exp'] - time.time() < 300
+
+    def _refresh_access_token(self):
+        try:
+            refresh_data = self._download_json(
+                'https://10.com.au/api/token/refresh', None, 'Refreshing access token',
+                headers={
+                    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+                }, data=json.dumps({
+                    'accessToken': self._access_token,
+                    'refreshToken': self._refresh_token,
+                }).encode())
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            if isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 400:
+                self._refresh_token = self._access_token = None
+                self.cache.store(self._NETRC_MACHINE, self._TOKEN_CACHE_KEY, [None, None])
+                self.report_warning('Refresh token has been invalidated; retrying with credentials')
+                self._perform_login(*self._get_login_info())
+                return
+            raise
+        self._access_token = refresh_data['accessToken']
+        self._refresh_token = refresh_data['refreshToken']
+        self.cache.store(self._NETRC_MACHINE, self._TOKEN_CACHE_KEY, [self._refresh_token, self._access_token])
+
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
+        if not self._refresh_token:
+            self._refresh_token, self._access_token = self.cache.load(
+                self._NETRC_MACHINE, self._TOKEN_CACHE_KEY, default=[None, None])
+        if self._refresh_token and self._access_token:
+            self.write_debug('Using cached refresh token')
+            return
+
+        try:
+            auth_data = self._download_json(
+                'https://10.com.au/api/user/auth', None, 'Logging in',
+                headers={
+                    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+                    'X-Network-Ten-Auth': self._generate_xnetwork_ten_auth_token(),
+                    'Referer': 'https://10.com.au/',
+                }, data=json.dumps({
+                    'email': username,
+                    'password': password,
+                }).encode())
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            if isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 400:
+                raise ExtractorError('Invalid username/password', expected=True)
+            raise
+
+        self._refresh_token = auth_data['jwt']['refreshToken']
+        self._access_token = auth_data['jwt']['accessToken']
+        self.cache.store(self._NETRC_MACHINE, self._TOKEN_CACHE_KEY, [self._refresh_token, self._access_token])
+
+    def _call_playback_api(self, content_id):
+        if self._access_token and self._is_jwt_expired(self._access_token):
+            self._refresh_access_token()
+        for is_retry in (False, True):
+            try:
+                return self._download_json_handle(
+                    f'https://10.com.au/api/v1/videos/playback/{content_id}/', content_id,
+                    note='Downloading video JSON', query={'platform': 'samsung'},
+                    headers=filter_dict({
+                        'TP-AcceptFeature': 'v1/fw;v1/drm',
+                        'Authorization': f'Bearer {self._access_token}' if self._access_token else None,
+                    }))
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                if not is_retry and isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 403:
+                    if self._access_token:
+                        self.to_screen('Access token has expired; refreshing')
+                        self._refresh_access_token()
+                        continue
+                    elif not self._get_login_info()[0]:
+                        self.raise_login_required('Login required to access this video', method='password')
+                raise
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         content_id = self._match_id(url)
-        data = self._download_json(
+        try:
-            'https://10.com.au/api/v1/videos/' + content_id, content_id)
+            data = self._download_json(f'https://10.com.au/api/v1/videos/{content_id}', content_id)
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            if (
+                isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 403
+                and 'Error 54113' in e.cause.response.read().decode()
+            ):
+                self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=self._GEO_COUNTRIES)
+            raise
 
-        video_data = self._download_json(
+        video_data, urlh = self._call_playback_api(content_id)
-            f'https://vod.ten.com.au/api/videos/bcquery?command=find_videos_by_id&video_id={data["altId"]}',
+        content_source_id = video_data['dai']['contentSourceId']
-            content_id, 'Downloading video JSON')
+        video_id = video_data['dai']['videoId']
-        # Dash URL 404s, changing the m3u8 format works
+        auth_token = urlh.get_header('x-dai-auth')
-        m3u8_url = self._request_webpage(
+        if not auth_token:
-            HEADRequest(update_url_query(video_data['items'][0]['dashManifestUrl'], {
+            raise ExtractorError('Failed to get DAI auth token')
-                'manifest': 'm3u',
+
-            })),
+        dai_data = self._download_json(
-            content_id, 'Checking stream URL').url
+            f'https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/ondemand/hls/content/{content_source_id}/vid/{video_id}/streams',
-        if '10play-not-in-oz' in m3u8_url:
+            content_id, note='Downloading DAI JSON',
-            self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=['AU'])
+            data=urlencode_postdata({'auth-token': auth_token}))
-        if '10play_unsupported' in m3u8_url:
+
-            raise ExtractorError('Unable to extract stream')
+        # Ignore subs to avoid ad break cleanup
-        # Attempt to get a higher quality stream
+        formats, _ = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
-        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+            dai_data['stream_manifest'], content_id, 'mp4')
-            m3u8_url.replace(',150,75,55,0000', ',500,300,150,75,55,0000'),
+
-            content_id, 'mp4', fatal=False)
+        already_have_1080p = False
-        if not formats:
+        for fmt in formats:
-            formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_url, content_id, 'mp4')
+            m3u8_doc = self._download_webpage(
+                fmt['url'], content_id, note='Downloading m3u8 information')
+            m3u8_doc = self._filter_ads_from_m3u8(m3u8_doc)
+            fmt['hls_media_playlist_data'] = m3u8_doc
+            if fmt.get('height') == 1080:
+                already_have_1080p = True
+
+        # Attempt format upgrade
+        if not already_have_1080p and m3u8_doc and re.search(self._SEGMENT_BITRATE_RE, m3u8_doc):
+            m3u8_doc = re.sub(self._SEGMENT_BITRATE_RE, r'-5000000-\1.ts', m3u8_doc)
+            m3u8_doc = re.sub(r'-(?:300|150|75|55)0000\.key"', r'-5000000.key"', m3u8_doc)
+            formats.append({
+                'format_id': 'upgrade-attempt-1080p',
+                'url': encode_data_uri(m3u8_doc.encode(), 'application/x-mpegurl'),
+                'hls_media_playlist_data': m3u8_doc,
+                'width': 1920,
+                'height': 1080,
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'protocol': 'm3u8_native',
+                '__needs_testing': True,
+            })
 
         return {
             'id': content_id,

yt_dlp/extractor/tiktok.py

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
             }
             self._APP_INFO_POOL = [
                 {**defaults, **dict(
-                    (k, v) for k, v in zip(self._APP_INFO_DEFAULTS, app_info.split('/')) if v
+                    (k, v) for k, v in zip(self._APP_INFO_DEFAULTS, app_info.split('/'), strict=False) if v
                 )} for app_info in self._KNOWN_APP_INFO
             ]
 
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ class TikTokBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     def _extract_web_data_and_status(self, url, video_id, fatal=True):
         video_data, status = {}, -1
 
-        res = self._download_webpage_handle(url, video_id, fatal=fatal, headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'})
+        res = self._download_webpage_handle(url, video_id, fatal=fatal, impersonate=True)
         if res is False:
             return video_data, status
 
@@ -1071,12 +1071,15 @@ class TikTokUserIE(TikTokBaseIE):
             webpage = self._download_webpage(
                 self._UPLOADER_URL_FORMAT % user_name, user_name,
                 'Downloading user webpage', 'Unable to download user webpage',
-                fatal=False, headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'}) or ''
+                fatal=False, impersonate=True) or ''
             detail = traverse_obj(
                 self._get_universal_data(webpage, user_name), ('webapp.user-detail', {dict})) or {}
-            if detail.get('statusCode') == 10222:
+            video_count = traverse_obj(detail, ('userInfo', ('stats', 'statsV2'), 'videoCount', {int}, any))
+            if not video_count and detail.get('statusCode') == 10222:
                 self.raise_login_required(
                     'This user\'s account is private. Log into an account that has access')
+            elif video_count == 0:
+                raise ExtractorError('This account does not have any videos posted', expected=True)
             sec_uid = traverse_obj(detail, ('userInfo', 'user', 'secUid', {str}))
             if sec_uid:
                 fail_early = not traverse_obj(detail, ('userInfo', 'itemList', ...))
@@ -1520,7 +1523,7 @@ class TikTokLiveIE(TikTokBaseIE):
         uploader, room_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('uploader', 'id')
         if not room_id:
             webpage = self._download_webpage(
-                format_field(uploader, None, self._UPLOADER_URL_FORMAT), uploader)
+                format_field(uploader, None, self._UPLOADER_URL_FORMAT), uploader, impersonate=True)
             room_id = traverse_obj(
                 self._get_universal_data(webpage, uploader),
                 ('webapp.user-detail', 'userInfo', 'user', 'roomId', {str}))

yt_dlp/extractor/tvnoe.py

@@ -1,46 +1,82 @@
+import re
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
     clean_html,
-    get_element_by_class,
+    extract_attributes,
     js_to_json,
+    mimetype2ext,
+    unified_strdate,
+    url_or_none,
+    urljoin,
 )
+from ..utils.traversal import find_element, traverse_obj
 
 
 class TVNoeIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _WORKING = False
+    IE_NAME = 'tvnoe'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tvnoe\.cz/video/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
+    IE_DESC = 'Televize Noe'
-    _TEST = {
+
-        'url': 'http://www.tvnoe.cz/video/10362',
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tvnoe\.cz/porad/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
-        'md5': 'aee983f279aab96ec45ab6e2abb3c2ca',
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.tvnoe.cz/porad/43216-outdoor-films-s-mudr-tomasem-kempnym-pomahat-potrebnym-nejen-u-nas',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '10362',
+            'id': '43216-outdoor-films-s-mudr-tomasem-kempnym-pomahat-potrebnym-nejen-u-nas',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'series': 'Noční univerzita',
+            'title': 'Pomáhat potřebným nejen u nás',
-            'title': 'prof. Tomáš Halík, Th.D. - Návrat náboženství a střet civilizací',
+            'description': 'md5:78b538ee32f7e881ec23b9c278a0ff3a',
-            'description': 'md5:f337bae384e1a531a52c55ebc50fff41',
+            'release_date': '20250531',
+            'series': 'Outdoor Films s MUDr. Tomášem Kempným',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://www\.tvnoe\.cz/.+\.jpg',
         },
-    }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.tvnoe.cz/porad/43205-zamysleni-tomase-halika-7-nedele-velikonocni',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '43205-zamysleni-tomase-halika-7-nedele-velikonocni',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': '7. neděle velikonoční',
+            'description': 'md5:6bb9908efc59abe60e1c8c7c0e9bb6cd',
+            'release_date': '20250531',
+            'series': 'Zamyšlení Tomáše Halíka',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://www\.tvnoe\.cz/.+\.jpg',
+        },
+    }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+        player = self._search_json(
+            r'var\s+INIT_PLAYER\s*=', webpage, 'init player',
+            video_id, transform_source=js_to_json)
 
-        iframe_url = self._search_regex(
+        formats = []
-            r'<iframe[^>]+src="([^"]+)"', webpage, 'iframe URL')
+        for source in traverse_obj(player, ('tracks', ..., lambda _, v: url_or_none(v['src']))):
+            src_url = source['src']
+            ext = mimetype2ext(source.get('type'))
+            if ext == 'm3u8':
+                fmts = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                    src_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
+            elif ext == 'mpd':
+                fmts = self._extract_mpd_formats(
+                    src_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False)
+            else:
+                self.report_warning(f'Unsupported stream type: {ext}')
+                continue
+            formats.extend(fmts)
 
-        ifs_page = self._download_webpage(iframe_url, video_id)
+        return {
-        jwplayer_data = self._find_jwplayer_data(
-            ifs_page, video_id, transform_source=js_to_json)
-        info_dict = self._parse_jwplayer_data(
-            jwplayer_data, video_id, require_title=False, base_url=iframe_url)
-
-        info_dict.update({
             'id': video_id,
-            'title': clean_html(get_element_by_class(
+            'description': clean_html(self._search_regex(
-                'field-name-field-podnazev', webpage)),
+                r'<p\s+class="">(.+?)</p>', webpage, 'description', default=None)),
-            'description': clean_html(get_element_by_class(
+            'formats': formats,
-                'field-name-body', webpage)),
+            **traverse_obj(webpage, {
-            'series': clean_html(get_element_by_class('title', webpage)),
+                'title': ({find_element(tag='h2')}, {clean_html}),
-        })
+                'release_date': (
-
+                    {clean_html}, {re.compile(r'Premiéra:\s*(\d{1,2}\.\d{1,2}\.\d{4})').findall},
-        return info_dict
+                    ..., {str}, {unified_strdate}, any),
+                'series': ({find_element(tag='h1')}, {clean_html}),
+                'thumbnail': (
+                    {find_element(id='player-live', html=True)}, {extract_attributes},
+                    'poster', {urljoin('https://www.tvnoe.cz/')}),
+            }),
+        }

yt_dlp/extractor/twitch.py

@@ -514,7 +514,10 @@ class TwitchVodIE(TwitchBaseIE):
         is_live = None
         if thumbnail:
             if re.findall(r'/404_processing_[^.?#]+\.png', thumbnail):
-                is_live, thumbnail = True, None
+                # False positive for is_live if info.get('broadcastType') == 'HIGHLIGHT'
+                # See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/14455
+                is_live = info.get('broadcastType') == 'ARCHIVE'
+                thumbnail = None
             else:
                 is_live = False
 

yt_dlp/extractor/vidyard.py

@@ -58,6 +58,20 @@ class VidyardBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 
         return subs
 
+    def _get_additional_metadata(self, video_id):
+        additional_metadata = self._download_json(
+            f'https://play.vidyard.com/video/{video_id}', video_id,
+            note='Downloading additional metadata', fatal=False)
+        return traverse_obj(additional_metadata, {
+            'title': ('name', {str}),
+            'duration': ('seconds', {int_or_none}),
+            'thumbnails': ('thumbnailUrl', {'url': {url_or_none}}, all),
+            'chapters': ('videoSections', lambda _, v: float_or_none(v['milliseconds']) is not None, {
+                'title': ('title', {str}),
+                'start_time': ('milliseconds', {float_or_none(scale=1000)}),
+            }),
+        })
+
     def _fetch_video_json(self, video_id):
         return self._download_json(
             f'https://play.vidyard.com/player/{video_id}.json', video_id)['payload']
@@ -67,6 +81,7 @@ class VidyardBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         self._merge_subtitles(self._get_direct_subtitles(json_data.get('captions')), target=subtitles)
 
         return {
+            **self._get_additional_metadata(json_data['facadeUuid']),
             **traverse_obj(json_data, {
                 'id': ('facadeUuid', {str}),
                 'display_id': ('videoId', {int}, {str_or_none}),
@@ -113,6 +128,29 @@ class VidyardIE(VidyardBaseIE):
             'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/spacer.gif',
             'duration': 41.186,
         },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://share.vidyard.com/watch/wL237MtNgZUHo6e8WPiJbF',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'wL237MtNgZUHo6e8WPiJbF',
+            'display_id': '25926870',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Adding & Editing Video Chapters',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/25926870/bvSEZS3dGY7DByQ_bzB57avIZ_hsvhr4_small.jpg',
+            'duration': 135.46,
+            'chapters': [{
+                'title': 'Adding new chapters',
+                'start_time': 0,
+            }, {
+                'title': 'Previewing your video',
+                'start_time': 74,
+            }, {
+                'title': 'Editing your chapters',
+                'start_time': 91,
+            }, {
+                'title': 'Share a link to a specific chapter',
+                'start_time': 105,
+            }],
+        },
     }, {
         'url': 'https://embed.vidyard.com/share/oTDMPlUv--51Th455G5u7Q',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -132,8 +170,8 @@ class VidyardIE(VidyardBaseIE):
             'id': 'SyStyHtYujcBHe5PkZc5DL',
             'display_id': '41974005',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Prepare the Frame and Track for Palm Beach Polysatin Shutters With BiFold Track',
+            'title': 'Install Palm Beach Shutters with a Bi-Fold Track System (Video 1 of 6)',
-            'description': r're:In this video, you will learn how to prepare the frame.+',
+            'description': r're:In this video, you will learn the first step.+',
             'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/41974005/IJw7oCaJcF1h7WWu3OVZ8A_small.png',
             'duration': 258.666,
         },
@@ -147,42 +185,42 @@ class VidyardIE(VidyardBaseIE):
                 'id': 'SyStyHtYujcBHe5PkZc5DL',
                 'display_id': '41974005',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Prepare the Frame and Track for Palm Beach Polysatin Shutters With BiFold Track',
+                'title': 'Install Palm Beach Shutters with a Bi-Fold Track System (Video 1 of 6)',
                 'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/41974005/IJw7oCaJcF1h7WWu3OVZ8A_small.png',
                 'duration': 258.666,
             }, {
                 'id': '1Fw4B84jZTXLXWqkE71RiM',
                 'display_id': '5861113',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Palm Beach - Bi-Fold Track System "Frame Installation"',
+                'title': 'Install Palm Beach Shutters with a Bi-Fold Track System (Video 2 of 6)',
                 'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/5861113/29CJ54s5g1_aP38zkKLHew_small.jpg',
                 'duration': 167.858,
             }, {
                 'id': 'DqP3wBvLXSpxrcqpT5kEeo',
                 'display_id': '41976334',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Install the Track for Palm Beach Polysatin Shutters With BiFold Track',
+                'title': 'Install Palm Beach Shutters with a Bi-Fold Track System (Video 3 of 6)',
                 'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/5861090/RwG2VaTylUa6KhSTED1r1Q_small.png',
                 'duration': 94.229,
             }, {
                 'id': 'opfybfxpzQArxqtQYB6oBU',
                 'display_id': '41976364',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Install the Panel for Palm Beach Polysatin Shutters With BiFold Track',
+                'title': 'Install Palm Beach Shutters with a Bi-Fold Track System (Video 4 of 6)',
                 'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/5860926/JIOaJR08dM4QgXi_iQ2zGA_small.png',
                 'duration': 191.467,
             }, {
                 'id': 'rWrXvkbTNNaNqD6189HJya',
                 'display_id': '41976382',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Adjust the Panels for Palm Beach Polysatin Shutters With BiFold Track',
+                'title': 'Install Palm Beach Shutters with a Bi-Fold Track System (Video 5 of 6)',
                 'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/5860687/CwHxBv4UudAhOh43FVB4tw_small.png',
                 'duration': 138.155,
             }, {
                 'id': 'eYPTB521MZ9TPEArSethQ5',
                 'display_id': '41976409',
                 'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Assemble and Install the Valance for Palm Beach Polysatin Shutters With BiFold Track',
+                'title': 'Install Palm Beach Shutters with a Bi-Fold Track System (Video 6 of 6)',
                 'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/5861425/0y68qlMU4O5VKU7bJ8i_AA_small.png',
                 'duration': 148.224,
             }],
@@ -191,6 +229,7 @@ class VidyardIE(VidyardBaseIE):
     }, {
         # Non hubs.vidyard.com playlist
         'url': 'https://salesforce.vidyard.com/watch/d4vqPjs7Q5EzVEis5QT3jd',
+        'skip': 'URL now 404s. Alternative non hubs.vidyard.com playlist not yet available',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'd4vqPjs7Q5EzVEis5QT3jd',
             'title': 'How To: Service Cloud: Import External Content in Lightning Knowledge',
@@ -300,6 +339,7 @@ class VidyardIE(VidyardBaseIE):
     }, {
         # <script ... id="vidyard_embed_code_DXx2sW4WaLA6hTdGFz7ja8" src="//play.vidyard.com/DXx2sW4WaLA6hTdGFz7ja8.js?
         'url': 'http://videos.vivint.com/watch/DXx2sW4WaLA6hTdGFz7ja8',
+        'skip': 'URL certificate expired 2025-09-10. Alternative script embed test case not yet available',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'DXx2sW4WaLA6hTdGFz7ja8',
             'display_id': '2746529',
@@ -317,11 +357,12 @@ class VidyardIE(VidyardBaseIE):
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'Lesson 1 - Opening an MT4 Account',
             'description': 'Never heard of MetaTrader4? Here\'s the 411 on the popular trading platform!',
-            'duration': 168,
+            'duration': 168.16,
             'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/20291/IM-G2WXQR9VBLl2Cmzvftg_small.jpg',
         },
     }, {
         # <iframe ... src="//play.vidyard.com/d61w8EQoZv1LDuPxDkQP2Q/type/background?preview=1"
+        'skip': 'URL changed embed method to \'class="vidyard-player-embed"\'. An alternative iframe embed test case is not yet available',
         'url': 'https://www.avaya.com/en/',
         'info_dict': {
             # These values come from the generic extractor and don't matter
@@ -354,46 +395,18 @@ class VidyardIE(VidyardBaseIE):
         }],
         'playlist_count': 2,
     }, {
-        # <div class="vidyard-player-embed" data-uuid="vpCWTVHw3qrciLtVY94YkS"
+        # <div class="vidyard-player-embed" data-uuid="pMk8eNCYzukzJaEPoo1Hgn"
-        'url': 'https://www.gogoair.com/',
+        # URL previously used iframe embeds and was used for that test case
+        'url': 'https://www.avaya.com/en/',
         'info_dict': {
-            # These values come from the generic extractor and don't matter
+            'id': 'pMk8eNCYzukzJaEPoo1Hgn',
-            'id': str,
+            'display_id': '47074153',
-            'title': str,
+            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'description': str,
+            'title': 'Avaya Infinity Helps Redefine the Contact Center as Your Connection Center',
-            'age_limit': 0,
+            'description': r're:Our mission is to help you turn single engagements.+',
+            'duration': 81.55,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/47074153/MZOLKhXdbiUWwp2ROnT5HaXL0oau6JtR_small.jpg',
         },
-        'playlist': [{
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'vpCWTVHw3qrciLtVY94YkS',
-                'display_id': '40780699',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Upgrade to AVANCE 100% worth it - Jason Talley, Owner and Pilot, Testimonial',
-                'description': 'md5:f609824839439a51990cef55ffc472aa',
-                'duration': 70.737,
-                'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/40780699/KzjfYZz5MZl2gHF_e-4i2c6ib1cLDweQ_small.jpg',
-            },
-        }, {
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'xAmV9AsLbnitCw35paLBD8',
-                'display_id': '31130867',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Brad Keselowski goes faster with Gogo AVANCE inflight Wi-Fi',
-                'duration': 132.565,
-                'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/31130867/HknyDtLdm2Eih9JZ4A5XLjhfBX_6HRw5_small.jpg',
-            },
-        }, {
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': 'RkkrFRNxfP79nwCQavecpF',
-                'display_id': '39009815',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Live Demo of Gogo Galileo',
-                'description': 'md5:e2df497236f4e12c3fef8b392b5f23e0',
-                'duration': 112.128,
-                'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.vidyard.com/thumbnails/38144873/CWLlxfUbJ4Gh0ThbUum89IsEM4yupzMb_small.jpg',
-            },
-        }],
-        'playlist_count': 3,
     }]
 
     @classmethod

yt_dlp/extractor/xhamster.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import base64
 import codecs
 import itertools
 import re
+import string
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
@@ -22,6 +23,47 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 
+def to_signed_32(n):
+    return n % ((-1 if n < 0 else 1) * 2**32)
+
+
+class _ByteGenerator:
+    def __init__(self, algo_id, seed):
+        try:
+            self._algorithm = getattr(self, f'_algo{algo_id}')
+        except AttributeError:
+            raise ExtractorError(f'Unknown algorithm ID: {algo_id}')
+        self._s = to_signed_32(seed)
+
+    def _algo1(self, s):
+        # LCG (a=1664525, c=1013904223, m=2^32)
+        # Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_congruential_generator
+        s = self._s = to_signed_32(s * 1664525 + 1013904223)
+        return s
+
+    def _algo2(self, s):
+        # xorshift32
+        # Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xorshift
+        s = to_signed_32(s ^ (s << 13))
+        s = to_signed_32(s ^ ((s & 0xFFFFFFFF) >> 17))
+        s = self._s = to_signed_32(s ^ (s << 5))
+        return s
+
+    def _algo3(self, s):
+        # Weyl Sequence (k≈2^32*φ, m=2^32) + MurmurHash3 (fmix32)
+        # Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weyl_sequence
+        # https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-codec/jacoco/org.apache.commons.codec.digest/MurmurHash3.java.html
+        s = self._s = to_signed_32(s + 0x9e3779b9)
+        s = to_signed_32(s ^ ((s & 0xFFFFFFFF) >> 16))
+        s = to_signed_32(s * to_signed_32(0x85ebca77))
+        s = to_signed_32(s ^ ((s & 0xFFFFFFFF) >> 13))
+        s = to_signed_32(s * to_signed_32(0xc2b2ae3d))
+        return to_signed_32(s ^ ((s & 0xFFFFFFFF) >> 16))
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        return self._algorithm(self._s) & 0xFF
+
+
 class XHamsterIE(InfoExtractor):
     _DOMAINS = r'(?:xhamster\.(?:com|one|desi)|xhms\.pro|xhamster\d+\.(?:com|desi)|xhday\.com|xhvid\.com)'
     _VALID_URL = rf'''(?x)
@@ -146,6 +188,12 @@ class XHamsterIE(InfoExtractor):
     _XOR_KEY = b'xh7999'
 
     def _decipher_format_url(self, format_url, format_id):
+        if all(char in string.hexdigits for char in format_url):
+            byte_data = bytes.fromhex(format_url)
+            seed = int.from_bytes(byte_data[1:5], byteorder='little', signed=True)
+            byte_gen = _ByteGenerator(byte_data[0], seed)
+            return bytearray(byte ^ next(byte_gen) for byte in byte_data[5:]).decode('latin-1')
+
         cipher_type, _, ciphertext = try_call(
             lambda: base64.b64decode(format_url).decode().partition('_')) or [None] * 3
 
@@ -164,6 +212,16 @@ class XHamsterIE(InfoExtractor):
         self.report_warning(f'Skipping format "{format_id}": unsupported cipher type "{cipher_type}"')
         return None
 
+    def _fixup_formats(self, formats):
+        for f in formats:
+            if f.get('vcodec'):
+                continue
+            for vcodec in ('av1', 'h264'):
+                if any(f'.{vcodec}.' in f_url for f_url in (f['url'], f.get('manifest_url', ''))):
+                    f['vcodec'] = vcodec
+                    break
+        return formats
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
         video_id = mobj.group('id') or mobj.group('id_2')
@@ -312,7 +370,8 @@ class XHamsterIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'comment_count': int_or_none(video.get('comments')),
                 'age_limit': age_limit if age_limit is not None else 18,
                 'categories': categories,
-                'formats': formats,
+                'formats': self._fixup_formats(formats),
+                '_format_sort_fields': ('res', 'proto', 'tbr'),
             }
 
         # Old layout fallback

yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_base.py

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
             'client': {
                 'clientName': 'WEB',
-                'clientVersion': '2.20250312.04.00',
+                'clientVersion': '2.20250925.01.00',
             },
         },
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 1,
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
             'client': {
                 'clientName': 'WEB',
-                'clientVersion': '2.20250312.04.00',
+                'clientVersion': '2.20250925.01.00',
                 'userAgent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/15.5 Safari/605.1.15,gzip(gfe)',
             },
         },
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
             'client': {
                 'clientName': 'WEB_EMBEDDED_PLAYER',
-                'clientVersion': '1.20250310.01.00',
+                'clientVersion': '1.20250923.21.00',
             },
         },
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 56,
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
             'client': {
                 'clientName': 'WEB_REMIX',
-                'clientVersion': '1.20250310.01.00',
+                'clientVersion': '1.20250922.03.00',
             },
         },
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 67,
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
             'client': {
                 'clientName': 'WEB_CREATOR',
-                'clientVersion': '1.20250312.03.01',
+                'clientVersion': '1.20250922.03.00',
             },
         },
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 62,
@@ -220,16 +220,30 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
         },
         'PLAYER_PO_TOKEN_POLICY': PlayerPoTokenPolicy(required=False, recommended=True),
     },
+    # Doesn't require a PoToken for some reason
+    'android_sdkless': {
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'ANDROID',
+                'clientVersion': '20.10.38',
+                'userAgent': 'com.google.android.youtube/20.10.38 (Linux; U; Android 11) gzip',
+                'osName': 'Android',
+                'osVersion': '11',
+            },
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 3,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False,
+    },
     # YouTube Kids videos aren't returned on this client for some reason
     'android_vr': {
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
             'client': {
                 'clientName': 'ANDROID_VR',
-                'clientVersion': '1.62.27',
+                'clientVersion': '1.65.10',
                 'deviceMake': 'Oculus',
                 'deviceModel': 'Quest 3',
                 'androidSdkVersion': 32,
-                'userAgent': 'com.google.android.apps.youtube.vr.oculus/1.62.27 (Linux; U; Android 12L; eureka-user Build/SQ3A.220605.009.A1) gzip',
+                'userAgent': 'com.google.android.apps.youtube.vr.oculus/1.65.10 (Linux; U; Android 12L; eureka-user Build/SQ3A.220605.009.A1) gzip',
                 'osName': 'Android',
                 'osVersion': '12L',
             },
@@ -274,7 +288,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
             'client': {
                 'clientName': 'MWEB',
-                'clientVersion': '2.20250311.03.00',
+                'clientVersion': '2.20250925.01.00',
                 # mweb previously did not require PO Token with this UA
                 'userAgent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; CPU OS 16_7_10 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/16.6 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1,gzip(gfe)',
             },
@@ -304,7 +318,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
             'client': {
                 'clientName': 'TVHTML5',
-                'clientVersion': '7.20250312.16.00',
+                'clientVersion': '7.20250923.13.00',
                 'userAgent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (ChromiumStylePlatform) Cobalt/Version',
             },
         },
@@ -320,6 +334,20 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
                 'clientVersion': '1.0',
             },
         },
+        'GVS_PO_TOKEN_POLICY': {
+            StreamingProtocol.HTTPS: GvsPoTokenPolicy(
+                required=True,
+                recommended=True,
+            ),
+            StreamingProtocol.DASH: GvsPoTokenPolicy(
+                required=True,
+                recommended=True,
+            ),
+            StreamingProtocol.HLS: GvsPoTokenPolicy(
+                required=False,
+                recommended=True,
+            ),
+        },
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 75,
     },
     # This client now requires sign-in for every video
@@ -1182,7 +1210,7 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
             except ValueError:
                 return None
 
-    def _parse_time_text(self, text):
+    def _parse_time_text(self, text, report_failure=True):
         if not text:
             return
         dt_ = self.extract_relative_time(text)
@@ -1197,7 +1225,7 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
                         (r'([a-z]+\s*\d{1,2},?\s*20\d{2})', r'(?:.+|^)(?:live|premieres|ed|ing)(?:\s*(?:on|for))?\s*(.+\d)'),
                         text.lower(), 'time text', default=None)))
 
-        if text and timestamp is None and self._preferred_lang in (None, 'en'):
+        if report_failure and text and timestamp is None and self._preferred_lang in (None, 'en'):
             self.report_warning(
                 f'Cannot parse localized time text "{text}"', only_once=True)
         return timestamp

yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_tab.py

@@ -341,7 +341,11 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'contentImage', *thumb_keys, 'thumbnailViewModel', 'image'), final_key='sources'),
             duration=traverse_obj(view_model, (
                 'contentImage', 'thumbnailViewModel', 'overlays', ..., 'thumbnailOverlayBadgeViewModel',
-                'thumbnailBadges', ..., 'thumbnailBadgeViewModel', 'text', {parse_duration}, any)))
+                'thumbnailBadges', ..., 'thumbnailBadgeViewModel', 'text', {parse_duration}, any)),
+            timestamp=(traverse_obj(view_model, (
+                'metadata', 'lockupMetadataViewModel', 'metadata', 'contentMetadataViewModel', 'metadataRows',
+                ..., 'metadataParts', ..., 'text', 'content', {lambda t: self._parse_time_text(t, report_failure=False)}, any))
+                if self._configuration_arg('approximate_date', ie_key=YoutubeTabIE) else None))
 
     def _rich_entries(self, rich_grid_renderer):
         if lockup_view_model := traverse_obj(rich_grid_renderer, ('content', 'lockupViewModel', {dict})):

yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_video.py

@@ -257,10 +257,10 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         '401': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.12M.08'},
     }
     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('json3', 'srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'srt', 'vtt')
-    _DEFAULT_CLIENTS = ('tv_simply', 'tv', 'web')
+    _DEFAULT_CLIENTS = ('android_sdkless', 'tv', 'web_safari', 'web')
     _DEFAULT_AUTHED_CLIENTS = ('tv', 'web_safari', 'web')
     # Premium does not require POT (except for subtitles)
-    _DEFAULT_PREMIUM_CLIENTS = ('tv', 'web_creator', 'web')
+    _DEFAULT_PREMIUM_CLIENTS = ('tv', 'web_creator', 'web_safari', 'web')
 
     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 
@@ -1815,6 +1815,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         'params': {'skip_download': True},
     }]
 
+    _DEFAULT_PLAYER_JS_VERSION = 'actual'
+    _DEFAULT_PLAYER_JS_VARIANT = 'main'
     _PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP = {
         'main': 'player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
         'tcc': 'player_ias_tcc.vflset/en_US/base.js',
@@ -2016,7 +2018,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             time.sleep(max(0, FETCH_SPAN + fetch_time - time.time()))
 
     def _get_player_js_version(self):
-        player_js_version = self._configuration_arg('player_js_version', [''])[0] or '20348@0004de42'
+        player_js_version = self._configuration_arg('player_js_version', [''])[0] or self._DEFAULT_PLAYER_JS_VERSION
         if player_js_version == 'actual':
             return None, None
         if not re.fullmatch(r'[0-9]{5,}@[0-9a-f]{8,}', player_js_version):
@@ -2026,31 +2028,64 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             return None, None
         return player_js_version.split('@')
 
+    def _construct_player_url(self, *, player_id=None, player_url=None):
+        assert player_id or player_url, '_construct_player_url must take one of player_id or player_url'
+        if not player_id:
+            player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
+
+        force_player_id = False
+        player_id_override = self._get_player_js_version()[1]
+        if player_id_override and player_id_override != player_id:
+            force_player_id = f'Forcing player {player_id_override} in place of player {player_id}'
+            player_id = player_id_override
+
+        variant = self._configuration_arg('player_js_variant', [''])[0] or self._DEFAULT_PLAYER_JS_VARIANT
+        if variant not in (*self._PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP, 'actual'):
+            self.report_warning(
+                f'Invalid player JS variant name "{variant}" requested. '
+                f'Valid choices are: {", ".join(self._PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP)}', only_once=True)
+            variant = self._DEFAULT_PLAYER_JS_VARIANT
+
+        if not player_url:
+            if force_player_id:
+                self.write_debug(force_player_id, only_once=True)
+            if variant == 'actual':
+                # We don't have an actual variant so we always use 'main' & don't need to write debug
+                variant = 'main'
+            return urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', f'/s/player/{player_id}/{self._PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP[variant]}')
+
+        actual_variant = self._get_player_id_variant_and_path(player_url)[1]
+        if not force_player_id and (variant == 'actual' or variant == actual_variant):
+            return urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
+
+        if variant == 'actual':
+            if actual_variant:
+                variant = actual_variant
+            else:
+                # We need to force player_id but can't determine variant; fall back to 'main' variant
+                variant = 'main'
+
+        self.write_debug(join_nonempty(
+            force_player_id,
+            variant != actual_variant and f'Forcing "{variant}" player JS variant for player {player_id}',
+            f'original url = {player_url}',
+            delim='\n        '), only_once=True)
+
+        return urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', f'/s/player/{player_id}/{self._PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP[variant]}')
+
     def _extract_player_url(self, *ytcfgs, webpage=None):
         player_url = traverse_obj(
             ytcfgs, (..., 'PLAYER_JS_URL'), (..., 'WEB_PLAYER_CONTEXT_CONFIGS', ..., 'jsUrl'),
             get_all=False, expected_type=str)
         if not player_url:
             return
-        player_id_override = self._get_player_js_version()[1]
+        return self._construct_player_url(player_url=player_url)
-
-        requested_js_variant = self._configuration_arg('player_js_variant', [''])[0] or 'main'
-        if requested_js_variant in self._PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP:
-            player_id = player_id_override or self._extract_player_info(player_url)
-            original_url = player_url
-            player_url = f'/s/player/{player_id}/{self._PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP[requested_js_variant]}'
-            if original_url != player_url:
-                self.write_debug(
-                    f'Forcing "{requested_js_variant}" player JS variant for player {player_id}\n'
-                    f'        original url = {original_url}', only_once=True)
-        elif requested_js_variant != 'actual':
-            self.report_warning(
-                f'Invalid player JS variant name "{requested_js_variant}" requested. '
-                f'Valid choices are: {", ".join(self._PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP)}', only_once=True)
-
-        return urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
 
     def _download_player_url(self, video_id, fatal=False):
+        if player_id_override := self._get_player_js_version()[1]:
+            self.write_debug(f'Forcing player {player_id_override}', only_once=True)
+            return self._construct_player_url(player_id=player_id_override)
+
         iframe_webpage = self._download_webpage_with_retries(
             'https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api',
             note='Downloading iframe API JS',
@@ -2060,9 +2095,9 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             player_version = self._search_regex(
                 r'player\\?/([0-9a-fA-F]{8})\\?/', iframe_webpage, 'player version', fatal=fatal)
             if player_version:
-                return f'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/{player_version}/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js'
+                return self._construct_player_url(player_id=player_version)
 
-    def _player_js_cache_key(self, player_url):
+    def _get_player_id_variant_and_path(self, player_url):
         player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
         player_path = remove_start(urllib.parse.urlparse(player_url).path, f'/s/player/{player_id}/')
         variant = self._INVERSE_PLAYER_JS_VARIANT_MAP.get(player_path) or next((
@@ -2072,8 +2107,13 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             self.write_debug(
                 f'Unable to determine player JS variant\n'
                 f'        player = {player_url}', only_once=True)
+        return player_id, variant, player_path
+
+    def _player_js_cache_key(self, player_url):
+        player_id, variant, player_path = self._get_player_id_variant_and_path(player_url)
+        if not variant:
             variant = re.sub(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9]', '_', remove_end(player_path, '.js'))
-        return join_nonempty(player_id, variant)
+        return f'{player_id}-{variant}'
 
     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
@@ -2915,12 +2955,23 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         # TODO(future): This validation should be moved into pot framework.
         #  Some sort of middleware or validation provider perhaps?
 
+        gvs_bind_to_video_id = False
+        experiments = traverse_obj(ytcfg, (
+            'WEB_PLAYER_CONTEXT_CONFIGS', ..., 'serializedExperimentFlags', {urllib.parse.parse_qs}))
+        if 'true' in traverse_obj(experiments, (..., 'html5_generate_content_po_token', -1)):
+            self.write_debug(
+                f'{video_id}: Detected experiment to bind GVS PO Token to video id.', only_once=True)
+            gvs_bind_to_video_id = True
+
         # GVS WebPO Token is bound to visitor_data / Visitor ID when logged out.
         # Must have visitor_data for it to function.
-        if player_url and context == _PoTokenContext.GVS and not visitor_data and not self.is_authenticated:
+        if (
+            player_url and context == _PoTokenContext.GVS
+            and not visitor_data and not self.is_authenticated and not gvs_bind_to_video_id
+        ):
             self.report_warning(
                 f'Unable to fetch GVS PO Token for {client} client: Missing required Visitor Data. '
-                f'You may need to pass Visitor Data with --extractor-args "youtube:visitor_data=XXX"')
+                f'You may need to pass Visitor Data with --extractor-args "youtube:visitor_data=XXX"', only_once=True)
             return
 
         if context == _PoTokenContext.PLAYER and not video_id:
@@ -2931,7 +2982,10 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         config_po_token = self._get_config_po_token(client, context)
         if config_po_token:
             # GVS WebPO token is bound to data_sync_id / account Session ID when logged in.
-            if player_url and context == _PoTokenContext.GVS and not data_sync_id and self.is_authenticated:
+            if (
+                player_url and context == _PoTokenContext.GVS
+                and not data_sync_id and self.is_authenticated and not gvs_bind_to_video_id
+            ):
                 self.report_warning(
                     f'Got a GVS PO Token for {client} client, but missing Data Sync ID for account. Formats may not work.'
                     f'You may need to pass a Data Sync ID with --extractor-args "youtube:data_sync_id=XXX"')
@@ -2943,7 +2997,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         if player_url and context == _PoTokenContext.GVS and not data_sync_id and self.is_authenticated:
             self.report_warning(
                 f'Unable to fetch GVS PO Token for {client} client: Missing required Data Sync ID for account. '
-                f'You may need to pass a Data Sync ID with --extractor-args "youtube:data_sync_id=XXX"')
+                f'You may need to pass a Data Sync ID with --extractor-args "youtube:data_sync_id=XXX"', only_once=True)
             return
 
         po_token = self._fetch_po_token(
@@ -2957,6 +3011,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             video_id=video_id,
             video_webpage=webpage,
             required=required,
+            _gvs_bind_to_video_id=gvs_bind_to_video_id,
             **kwargs,
         )
 
@@ -3000,6 +3055,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             data_sync_id=kwargs.get('data_sync_id'),
             video_id=kwargs.get('video_id'),
             request_cookiejar=self._downloader.cookiejar,
+            _gvs_bind_to_video_id=kwargs.get('_gvs_bind_to_video_id', False),
 
             # All requests that would need to be proxied should be in the
             # context of www.youtube.com or the innertube host
@@ -4054,7 +4110,9 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 else 'video'),
             'release_timestamp': live_start_time,
             '_format_sort_fields': (  # source_preference is lower for potentially damaged formats
-                'quality', 'res', 'fps', 'hdr:12', 'source', 'vcodec', 'channels', 'acodec', 'lang', 'proto'),
+                'quality', 'res', 'fps', 'hdr:12', 'source',
+                'vcodec:vp9.2' if 'prefer-vp9-sort' in self.get_param('compat_opts', []) else 'vcodec',
+                'channels', 'acodec', 'lang', 'proto'),
         }
 
         def get_lang_code(track):

yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/pot/provider.py

@@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ class PoTokenRequest:
     visitor_data: str | None = None
     data_sync_id: str | None = None
     video_id: str | None = None
+    # Internal, YouTube experiment on whether to bind GVS PO Token to video_id.
+    _gvs_bind_to_video_id: bool = False
 
     # Networking parameters
     request_cookiejar: YoutubeDLCookieJar = dataclasses.field(default_factory=YoutubeDLCookieJar)

yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/pot/utils.py

@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ def get_webpo_content_binding(
     if not client_name or client_name not in webpo_clients:
         return None, None
 
+    if request.context == PoTokenContext.GVS and request._gvs_bind_to_video_id:
+        return request.video_id, ContentBindingType.VIDEO_ID
+
     if request.context == PoTokenContext.GVS or client_name in ('WEB_REMIX', ):
         if request.is_authenticated:
             return request.data_sync_id, ContentBindingType.DATASYNC_ID

yt_dlp/jsinterp.py

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ _OPERATORS = {  # None => Defined in JSInterpreter._operator
 _COMP_OPERATORS = {'===', '!==', '==', '!=', '<=', '>=', '<', '>'}
 
 _NAME_RE = r'[a-zA-Z_$][\w$]*'
-_MATCHING_PARENS = dict(zip(*zip('()', '{}', '[]')))
+_MATCHING_PARENS = dict(zip(*zip('()', '{}', '[]', strict=True), strict=True))
 _QUOTES = '\'"/'
 _NESTED_BRACKETS = r'[^[\]]+(?:\[[^[\]]+(?:\[[^\]]+\])?\])?'
 

yt_dlp/networking/_requests.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import functools
 import http.client
 import logging
 import re
-import socket
 import warnings
 
 from ..dependencies import brotli, requests, urllib3
@@ -125,7 +124,7 @@ class RequestsResponseAdapter(Response):
             # Work around issue with `.read(amt)` then `.read()`
             # See: https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/3636
             if amt is None:
-                # Python 3.9 preallocates the whole read buffer, read in chunks
+                # compat: py3.9: Python 3.9 preallocates the whole read buffer, read in chunks
                 read_chunk = functools.partial(self.fp.read, 1 << 20, decode_content=True)
                 return b''.join(iter(read_chunk, b''))
             # Interact with urllib3 response directly.
@@ -378,7 +377,7 @@ class SocksHTTPConnection(urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection):
                 source_address=self.source_address,
                 _create_socket_func=functools.partial(
                     create_socks_proxy_socket, (self.host, self.port), self._proxy_args))
-        except (socket.timeout, TimeoutError) as e:
+        except TimeoutError as e:
             raise urllib3.exceptions.ConnectTimeoutError(
                 self, f'Connection to {self.host} timed out. (connect timeout={self.timeout})') from e
         except SocksProxyError as e:

yt_dlp/networking/common.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import urllib.response
 from collections.abc import Iterable, Mapping
 from email.message import Message
 from http import HTTPStatus
+from types import NoneType
 
 from ._helper import make_ssl_context, wrap_request_errors
 from .exceptions import (
@@ -20,7 +21,6 @@ from .exceptions import (
     TransportError,
     UnsupportedRequest,
 )
-from ..compat.types import NoneType
 from ..cookies import YoutubeDLCookieJar
 from ..utils import (
     bug_reports_message,

yt_dlp/networking/impersonate.py

@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import re
 from abc import ABC
 from dataclasses import dataclass
+from types import NoneType
 from typing import Any
 
 from .common import RequestHandler, register_preference, Request
 from .exceptions import UnsupportedRequest
-from ..compat.types import NoneType
 from ..utils import classproperty, join_nonempty
 from ..utils.networking import std_headers, HTTPHeaderDict
 

yt_dlp/plugins.py

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import os
 import pkgutil
 import sys
 import traceback
-import zipimport
 from pathlib import Path
 from zipfile import ZipFile
 
@@ -202,16 +201,10 @@ def load_plugins(plugin_spec: PluginSpec):
         if any(x.startswith('_') for x in module_name.split('.')):
             continue
         try:
-            if sys.version_info < (3, 10) and isinstance(finder, zipimport.zipimporter):
+            spec = finder.find_spec(module_name)
-                # zipimporter.load_module() is deprecated in 3.10 and removed in 3.12
+            module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
-                # The exec_module branch below is the replacement for >= 3.10
+            sys.modules[module_name] = module
-                # See: https://docs.python.org/3/library/zipimport.html#zipimport.zipimporter.exec_module
+            spec.loader.exec_module(module)
-                module = finder.load_module(module_name)
-            else:
-                spec = finder.find_spec(module_name)
-                module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
-                sys.modules[module_name] = module
-                spec.loader.exec_module(module)
         except Exception:
             write_string(
                 f'Error while importing module {module_name!r}\n{traceback.format_exc(limit=-1)}',

yt_dlp/postprocessor/ffmpeg.py

@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ class FFmpegPostProcessor(PostProcessor):
         if concat_opts is None:
             concat_opts = [{}] * len(in_files)
         yield 'ffconcat version 1.0\n'
-        for file, opts in zip(in_files, concat_opts):
+        for file, opts in zip(in_files, concat_opts, strict=True):
             yield f'file {cls._quote_for_ffmpeg(cls._ffmpeg_filename_argument(file))}\n'
             # Iterate explicitly to yield the following directives in order, ignoring the rest.
             for directive in 'inpoint', 'outpoint', 'duration':
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ class FFmpegEmbedSubtitlePP(FFmpegPostProcessor):
             # postprocessor a second time
             '-map', '-0:s',
         ]
-        for i, (lang, name) in enumerate(zip(sub_langs, sub_names)):
+        for i, (lang, name) in enumerate(zip(sub_langs, sub_names, strict=True)):
             opts.extend(['-map', f'{i + 1}:0'])
             lang_code = ISO639Utils.short2long(lang) or lang
             opts.extend([f'-metadata:s:s:{i}', f'language={lang_code}'])

yt_dlp/update.py

@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ def _get_binary_name():
 
 
 def _get_system_deprecation():
-    MIN_SUPPORTED, MIN_RECOMMENDED = (3, 9), (3, 10)
+    MIN_SUPPORTED, MIN_RECOMMENDED = (3, 10), (3, 10)
 
     if sys.version_info > MIN_RECOMMENDED:
         return None
@@ -559,11 +559,9 @@ class Updater:
     @functools.cached_property
     def cmd(self):
         """The command-line to run the executable, if known"""
-        argv = None
+        argv = sys.orig_argv
-        # There is no sys.orig_argv in py < 3.10. Also, it can be [] when frozen
+        # sys.orig_argv can be [] when frozen
-        if getattr(sys, 'orig_argv', None):
+        if not argv and getattr(sys, 'frozen', False):
-            argv = sys.orig_argv
-        elif getattr(sys, 'frozen', False):
             argv = sys.argv
         # linux_static exe's argv[0] will be /tmp/staticx-NNNN/yt-dlp_linux if we don't fixup here
         if argv and os.getenv('STATICX_PROG_PATH'):
@@ -572,7 +570,7 @@ class Updater:
 
     def restart(self):
         """Restart the executable"""
-        assert self.cmd, 'Must be frozen or Py >= 3.10'
+        assert self.cmd, 'Unable to determine argv'
         self.ydl.write_debug(f'Restarting: {shell_quote(self.cmd)}')
         _, _, returncode = Popen.run(self.cmd)
         return returncode

yt_dlp/utils/_legacy.py

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 """No longer used and new code should not use. Exists only for API compat."""
-import asyncio
-import atexit
 import platform
 import struct
 import sys
@@ -34,77 +32,6 @@ has_certifi = bool(certifi)
 has_websockets = bool(websockets)
 
 
-class WebSocketsWrapper:
-    """Wraps websockets module to use in non-async scopes"""
-    pool = None
-
-    def __init__(self, url, headers=None, connect=True, **ws_kwargs):
-        self.loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
-        # XXX: "loop" is deprecated
-        self.conn = websockets.connect(
-            url, extra_headers=headers, ping_interval=None,
-            close_timeout=float('inf'), loop=self.loop, ping_timeout=float('inf'), **ws_kwargs)
-        if connect:
-            self.__enter__()
-        atexit.register(self.__exit__, None, None, None)
-
-    def __enter__(self):
-        if not self.pool:
-            self.pool = self.run_with_loop(self.conn.__aenter__(), self.loop)
-        return self
-
-    def send(self, *args):
-        self.run_with_loop(self.pool.send(*args), self.loop)
-
-    def recv(self, *args):
-        return self.run_with_loop(self.pool.recv(*args), self.loop)
-
-    def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
-        try:
-            return self.run_with_loop(self.conn.__aexit__(type, value, traceback), self.loop)
-        finally:
-            self.loop.close()
-            self._cancel_all_tasks(self.loop)
-
-    # taken from https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.9/Lib/asyncio/runners.py with modifications
-    # for contributors: If there's any new library using asyncio needs to be run in non-async, move these function out of this class
-    @staticmethod
-    def run_with_loop(main, loop):
-        if not asyncio.iscoroutine(main):
-            raise ValueError(f'a coroutine was expected, got {main!r}')
-
-        try:
-            return loop.run_until_complete(main)
-        finally:
-            loop.run_until_complete(loop.shutdown_asyncgens())
-            if hasattr(loop, 'shutdown_default_executor'):
-                loop.run_until_complete(loop.shutdown_default_executor())
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _cancel_all_tasks(loop):
-        to_cancel = asyncio.all_tasks(loop)
-
-        if not to_cancel:
-            return
-
-        for task in to_cancel:
-            task.cancel()
-
-        # XXX: "loop" is removed in Python 3.10+
-        loop.run_until_complete(
-            asyncio.gather(*to_cancel, loop=loop, return_exceptions=True))
-
-        for task in to_cancel:
-            if task.cancelled():
-                continue
-            if task.exception() is not None:
-                loop.call_exception_handler({
-                    'message': 'unhandled exception during asyncio.run() shutdown',
-                    'exception': task.exception(),
-                    'task': task,
-                })
-
-
 def load_plugins(name, suffix, namespace):
     from ..plugins import load_plugins
     ret = load_plugins(name, suffix)

yt_dlp/utils/_utils.py

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ TIMEZONE_NAMES = {
 # needed for sanitizing filenames in restricted mode
 ACCENT_CHARS = dict(zip('ÂÃÄÀÁÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖŐØŒÙÚÛÜŰÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõöőøœùúûüűýþÿ',
                         itertools.chain('AAAAAA', ['AE'], 'CEEEEIIIIDNOOOOOOO', ['OE'], 'UUUUUY', ['TH', 'ss'],
-                                        'aaaaaa', ['ae'], 'ceeeeiiiionooooooo', ['oe'], 'uuuuuy', ['th'], 'y')))
+                                        'aaaaaa', ['ae'], 'ceeeeiiiionooooooo', ['oe'], 'uuuuuy', ['th'], 'y'), strict=True))
 
 DATE_FORMATS = (
     '%d %B %Y',
@@ -2415,7 +2415,7 @@ class PlaylistEntries:
         if self.is_incomplete:
             assert self.is_exhausted
             self._entries = [self.MissingEntry] * max(requested_entries or [0])
-            for i, entry in zip(requested_entries, entries):
+            for i, entry in zip(requested_entries, entries):  # noqa: B905
                 self._entries[i - 1] = entry
         elif isinstance(entries, (list, PagedList, LazyList)):
             self._entries = entries
@@ -3184,7 +3184,7 @@ def render_table(header_row, data, delim=False, extra_gap=0, hide_empty=False):
         return len(remove_terminal_sequences(string).replace('\t', ''))
 
     def get_max_lens(table):
-        return [max(width(str(v)) for v in col) for col in zip(*table)]
+        return [max(width(str(v)) for v in col) for col in zip(*table, strict=True)]
 
     def filter_using_list(row, filter_array):
         return [col for take, col in itertools.zip_longest(filter_array, row, fillvalue=True) if take]
@@ -3540,7 +3540,7 @@ def dfxp2srt(dfxp_data):
             continue
         default_style.update(style)
 
-    for para, index in zip(paras, itertools.count(1)):
+    for para, index in zip(paras, itertools.count(1), strict=False):
         begin_time = parse_dfxp_time_expr(para.attrib.get('begin'))
         end_time = parse_dfxp_time_expr(para.attrib.get('end'))
         dur = parse_dfxp_time_expr(para.attrib.get('dur'))
@@ -4854,7 +4854,7 @@ def scale_thumbnails_to_max_format_width(formats, thumbnails, url_width_re):
     return [
         merge_dicts(
             {'url': re.sub(url_width_re, str(max_dimensions[0]), thumbnail['url'])},
-            dict(zip(_keys, max_dimensions)), thumbnail)
+            dict(zip(_keys, max_dimensions, strict=True)), thumbnail)
         for thumbnail in thumbnails
     ]
 

yt_dlp/utils/jslib/devalue.py

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ def parse_iter(parsed: typing.Any, /, *, revivers: dict[str, collections.abc.Cal
 
                 elif value[0] == 'Map':
                     result = []
-                    for key, new_source in zip(*(iter(value[1:]),) * 2):
+                    for key, new_source in zip(*(iter(value[1:]),) * 2, strict=True):
                         pair = [None, None]
                         stack.append((pair, 0, key))
                         stack.append((pair, 1, new_source))
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ def parse_iter(parsed: typing.Any, /, *, revivers: dict[str, collections.abc.Cal
 
                 elif value[0] == 'null':
                     result = {}
-                    for key, new_source in zip(*(iter(value[1:]),) * 2):
+                    for key, new_source in zip(*(iter(value[1:]),) * 2, strict=True):
                         stack.append((result, key, new_source))
 
                 elif value[0] in _ARRAY_TYPE_LOOKUP:

yt_dlp/version.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Autogenerated by devscripts/update-version.py
 
-__version__ = '2025.09.23'
+__version__ = '2025.10.22'
 
-RELEASE_GIT_HEAD = '2e81e298cdce23afadb06a95836284acb38f7018'
+RELEASE_GIT_HEAD = 'c9356f308dd3c5f9f494cb40ed14c5df017b4fe0'
 
 VARIANT = None
 
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ CHANNEL = 'stable'
 
 ORIGIN = 'yt-dlp/yt-dlp'
 
-_pkg_version = '2025.09.23'
+_pkg_version = '2025.10.22'

yt_dlp/webvtt.py

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ def _parse_ts(ts):
     into an MPEG PES timestamp: a tick counter at 90 kHz resolution.
     """
     return 90 * sum(
-        int(part or 0) * mult for part, mult in zip(ts.groups(), (3600_000, 60_000, 1000, 1)))
+        int(part or 0) * mult for part, mult in zip(ts.groups(), (3600_000, 60_000, 1000, 1), strict=True))
 
 
 def _format_ts(ts):